Antifibrinolytic properties of basic proteins

Zusammenfassung In-vitro-Versuche über basische Eiweisskörper zeigen, dass Protamine und Histone in die Struktur des unter Thrombin-Einfluss entstehenden Fibrins eingebaut werden. Einbau basischer Proteine führt zur Änderung der Fibrinstruktur und zur Widerstandserhöhung auf die Plasminwirkung. Es scheint, dass die basischen Proteine die fibrinolytische Aktivität des Plasmins spezifisch hemmen.     

Changes effected in vitro upon some morphological properties of particles of virus BAI-strain A

Zusammenfassung Sphäroidale und phag-ähnliche Form des Hühner-Leukosis-Virus (BAI, Stamm A) wird der Existenz eines kontrahierbaren Systems (Interaktion mit ATP) zugeschrieben. Formveränderungen des Viruspartikels unter ATP-Einfluss werden in vitro dargestellt, wobei Parachlormorcuribenzoat, Phenylmercuriborat und N-Äthylmaleimid als Inhibitoren wirken.     

Engineering of arteries in vitro

This review will focus on two elements that are essential for functional arterial regeneration in vitro: the mechanical environment and the bioreactors used for tissue growth. The importance of the mechanical environment to embryological development, vascular functionality, and vascular graft regeneration will be discussed. Bioreactors generate mechanical stimuli to simulate biomechanical environment of arterial system. This system has been used to reconstruct arterial grafts with appropriate mechanical strength for implantation by controlling the chemical and mechanical environments in which the grafts are grown. Bioreactors are powerful tools to study the effect of mechanical stimuli on extracellular matrix architecture and mechanical properties of engineered vessels. Hence, biomimetic systems enable us to optimize chemo-biomechanical culture conditions to regenerate engineered vessels with physiological properties similar to those of native arteries. In addition, this article reviews various bioreactors designed especially to apply axial loading to engineered arteries. This review will also introduce and examine different approaches and techniques that have been used to engineer biologically based vascular grafts, including collagen-based grafts, fibrin-gel grafts, cell sheet engineering, biodegradable polymers, and decellularization of native vessels.     

Maintenance of visual cells in vitro

Résumé Des fragments de rétine et des cellules visuelles isolées de la grenouilleRana pipiens ont été cultivés dans la chambre de Rose. Bien qu'une dégénérescence morphologique des segments extérieurs des cellules visuelles ait été observée pendant la culture, le pouvoir de réfraction normal et la présence du pigment visuel ont été constatés dans ces segments, les segments intérieurs avec leurs noyaux étant conservés. Mais, l'intensité du pigment visuel a été plus faible que dans la rétine fraîche. Ces résultats montrent que la cellule individuelle du photorécepteur se prête à l'étude physiologiquein vitro.

---

---

Aided by a grant from the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness.     

New intermediates in phaeomelanogenesis in vitro

Riassunto Mediante esperimenti in vitro, è stato accertato che i primi stadi della biosintesi delle feomelanine conducono alla formazione di derivati diidrobenzotiazinici, ai quali sono state assegnate le strutture III e IV.

---

---

This investigation was supported by a grant from the Laboratorio di Chimica e Fisica per lo Studio delle Molecole di Interesse Biologico del C.N.R., Napoli.     

New-forming retinal synapses in vitro

Riassunto Cellule di abbozzo oculare di embrione di pollo di 4 giorni di incubazione sono state disgregate, riaggregate e coltivate in vitro per 25 giorni. Al m.e. è risultato un fitto neuropilo ricco di sinapsi tra cui i «synaptic ribbons» caratteristici delle cellule fotorecettrici. Questi risultati sono una prima sicura documentazione di sinapsi formate ex novo in vitro con nuova associazione di cellule.     

Specificity of the macrophage reaction in vitro

Résumé Les macrophages de cobayes immunisés provoquent in vitro l'adhérence des hématies utilisées comme antigènes, selon une spécificité d'éspèce et non de groupe. Les sérums humains s'adsorbent in vitro sur les macrophages de cobayes immunisés par ces sérums, indépendemment du groupe (mais non sur des macrophages de cobayes normaux) causant l'adhérence et la phagocytose des hématies correspondantes. Les hématies adhérant aux macrophages sont hémolysées en présence du complément.     

Culture of nucellar tissue ofCitrus in vitro

Zusammenfassung Wucherungen, die in der vorliegenden Arbeit als «Pseudobulbillen» bezeichnet worden sind, erschienen zuerst in Kulturen vonCitrus-Nucellargewebe auf einem künstlichen Nährboden. Diese Bulbillen sind durch zahlreiche Passagen in einem genau definierten Nährboden seit einem Jahr erhalten geblieben.     

Co-polymerization of dopa and cysteinyldopa in melanogenesis in vitro

Summary Tyrosinase oxidation of dopa in the presence of varying amounts of 5-S-cysteinyldopa led to the production of pigments whose chemical and physical (colour and solubility) properties are intermediate between those of pure eumelanin-and phaeomelanin-type pigments.Acknowledgment. This work was supported in part by a grant from CNR, Rome, within the frame of the project Controllo della crescita neoplastica.     

Noradrenalin-Freisetzung aus dem Hypothalamus in vitro

Summary Rat hypothalami were isolated and incubated at 37 °C in Ringer solution. Both calcium and acetylcholine enhance the release of noradrenaline. The effect of acetylcholine is dependent on the presence of calcium ions.

---

---

Durchgeführt mit. Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Characterization of the rat basilar artery in vitro

Summary Segments of the rat basilar artery were examined in vitro for their mechanical responsiveness to a variety of vasoactive substances. Serotonin was the most potent agonist while norepinephrine elicited a dose-dependent relaxation. The findings lend support to the concept that there exists a marked heterogeneity amongst species in cerebrovascular responsiveness.This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIHLBI-06080, 18575).     

Differentiation in vitro of chick embryo adrenal glands

Resumen Suprarrenales de embriones de pollo de 6 y 10 días de incubación, fueron cultivadas en medios con y sin el agregado de ACTH. Los cultivos fueron mantenidos por períodos de 6–12 días. Los explantos fueron estudiados con técnicas histoquímicas para lípidos y ésteres de colesterol. Las suprarrenales de embriones de 6 días acumulan lípidos y colesterol solamente cuando son cultivadas en medios con ACTH. Luego de 12 días de cultivo la mayoría de las suprarrenales de los embriones de 10 días pierden su contenido de lípidos si han sido cultivadas en un medio privado de ACTH. El agregado de la hormona previene esa péridida. Se discuten las implicancias fisiológicas de estos hallazgos.