基于Camshift和Kalman滤波的仿人机器人手势跟踪

对仿人机器人MIR-1的双目视觉系统实现实时手势跟踪.通过颜色直方图反投影,将每帧RGB输入图像转换为二维的肤色概率分布图像,基于Camshift算法计算手势跟踪窗口的位置和大小,并用Kalman滤波预测手心位置,有效地解决了背景中大面积肤色干扰和手势部分被遮挡等问题.在仿人机器人MIR-1上完成的手势跟踪实验,验证了此方法的实用性和有效性.     

基于手势识别的智能输入系统

随着虚拟环境的发展,人机交互中键盘远远不能满足人们的要求,本文提出了一种基于手势识别方法的智能输入算法.该算法采用肤色分割提取出手部区域,检测大拇指和伸出的手指数目识别出手势的含义,把各种手势组合起来实现智能输入.该算法能够使用户根据自己的习惯来定义手势,更好的实现人机交互.实验结果表明该算法对获取手势图片时的外界干扰具有一定的鲁棒性,并能达到较高的成功率.     

基于ICONDENSATION算法的人手跟踪与手势识别算法

为实现基于手势的智能人机交互,提出了一种基于视觉的人手跟踪与手势识别算法.该方法以ICONDENSATION算法为基础,融合颜色与深度信息进行重要采样,结合轮廓信息并通过ASM模型的能量函数进行观测,根据最大后验概率对几种预定义的手势进行识别.实验结果表明,该算法能够有效地实现复杂背景下的人手跟踪与手势识别,为进一步实现智能人机交互奠定了基础.     

基于实时手势识别与跟踪的人机交互实现

为了实现对手势目标的自动识别和连续跟踪,提出了一种手势识别与跟踪算法。首先,通过离线训练手势目标检测器来实现手势目标的自动识别。接着,通过改进的Shi-Tomisi算法,在目标区域提取可靠稳定的特征点。然后,通过KLT跟踪器对特征点进行跟踪。当特征点跟踪成功时,通过求解仿射变换矩阵确定手势目标的新位置;当目标出现遮挡和大尺度旋转时,特征点丢失,此时在KLT跟踪器中加入卡尔曼滤波器来预测手势目标的位置,实现对手势目标的连续跟踪。同时对手势目标可能存在的区域进行估计,缩小检测器的检测范围,提高检测速度。最后,将算法应用于人机交互系统中,实现了机器人的远程控制。实验结果显示,算法在简单背景下的跟踪正确率为99.54%,复杂背景下的跟踪正确率为98.24%。实验结果表明,算法能够快速准确地对手势目标进行检测和跟踪,满足了实时性、连续性以及抗干扰能力强等要求,对于旋转及遮挡均具有较强的鲁棒性,为实现基于手势控制的人机交互提供了一种有效方法。     

基于视觉显著特征的人脸图像分割与跟踪方法的研究

将人脑视觉注意机制应用于人脸图像分割与跟踪中,提出了一种基于视觉显著特征的人脸目标分割与跟踪算法.该方法由三步完成：首先通过模拟人脑视觉注意机制迅速而准确地利用颜色、结构、梯度和位置等信息建立人脸显著特征图.其次,基于建立的视觉显著特征图,对人脸图像视觉显著特征进行学习和聚类,最终能够快速而准确地确认和分割出图像中的人脸区域.该方法突破了传统的逐点搜索的限制,通过一个几何模型和眼图模型对图像中的人脸区域进行搜索,大大提高了人脸候选区域搜索标记的效率,减少了后续处理工作.最后,通过分割出的人脸区域得到一个有效的边界特征图,并融合人脸显著特征图对人脸进行跟踪.实验结果表明本论文所提出的基于视觉显著特征的人脸图像分割与跟踪方法能够较有效地分割出人脸.     

基于核相关滤波的飞行员手势跟踪研究

结合飞行员操作过程中手部的运动特点,针对核相关滤波器跟踪算法在目标尺度变化和快速移动时存在的问题,提出了一种结合了手势检测与核相关滤波跟踪算法的飞行员手势跟踪方法。首先,将肤色分割与背景减除进行有效的融合,对静态手势进行快速检测。然后,使用KCF算法对定位的手势区域进行跟踪以获取手势实时位置和轨迹。跟踪过程中比较手势检测与手势识别所得到的手部信息,当出现偏差时对搜索框进行更新。从而实现有效的手势检测与跟踪。实验结果表明,该方法可以实现对飞行员变形手势快速、准确的实时跟踪,对部分遮挡和尺度变化有很好的适应性,能够满足后期飞行员手部行为分析的要求。     

基于深度信息的无标记手势分割与3D定位

基于Kinect深度信息提出一种精确稳定的无标记手势分割和3D定位方法.基于深度阈值方法在实验空间中检测出手部二值图像.根据一般手势行为特性,提出基于目标手势端点检测和动态阈值算法无标记地分割出精确手势.为避免不精确的分割结果,对分割手势基本形态阈值限定.选取精确目标手势的重心坐标和纵向平均深度灰度值对手势3D定位.实验表明:该手势分割方法比已有无标记方法更精确稳定,3D定位比Kinect SDK的骨骼点手势定位稳定可靠、无奇异点.     

基于单目视觉和简单手势的空间交互技术

和传统接触型交互设备相比,新颖的非触摸型空间交互技术在空间自由度方面有着明显优势.主要探讨基于单目摄像头和简单手势的双手空间交互技术.首先利用肤色分割、滤波优化、运动轨迹预测等算法实现了双手的跟踪与识别.由于需要用空间手势及其运动状态来替代鼠标,提出了基于中心偏离控制和基于线性映射的两种鼠标映射模式,进而实现了四种基本空间手势.基于提出的空间交互技术,实现了软件控制、游戏体验等多个应用.最后讨论了基于单目视觉的双手空间交互技术在手部分割、学习算法、交互方式等方面的改进方向.     

基于核相关滤波和多特征融合的飞行员手势跟踪

结合飞行员操作过程中手部的运动特点,针对核相关滤波器跟踪算法在目标尺度变化和快速移动时存在的问题,提出了一种结合了手势检测与核相关滤波跟踪算法的飞行员手势跟踪方法。首先,将肤色分割与背景减除进行有效的融合,对静态手势进行快速检测。然后,使用KCF算法对定位的手势区域进行跟踪,以获取手势实时位置和轨迹。跟踪过程中比较手势检测与手势识别所得到的手部信息,当出现偏差时对搜索框进行更新,从而实现有效的手势检测与跟踪。实验结果表明,该方法可以实现对飞行员变形手势快速、准确地实时跟踪,对部分遮挡和尺度变化有很好的适应性,能够满足后期飞行员手部行为分析的要求。     

基于RBF神经网络的全向智能轮椅自适应控制

在外界扰动为有界不可测条件下,利用径向基函数(radial basis function,RBF)神经网络在线逼近全向智能轮椅的非线性逆运动学模型,提出对轮椅轨迹跟踪的直接自适应控制方法.首先,在分析全向智能轮椅平台动力学模型的基础上,设计了基于径向基函数神经网络的全向智能轮椅自适应控制器;并进一步利用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,证明了在外界扰动及神经网络权值误差逼近有界的条件下,该控制器在全向智能轮椅轨迹控制中跟踪误差的一致稳定且有界;最后,通过全向智能轮椅轨迹跟踪仿真实验,验证了所提出控制方法的有效性和稳定性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with