船体双层底结构优化的粒子群优化算法

为优化船体双层底结构,在适于求解连续变量的标准粒子群优化算法(PSO)基础上,提出一种离散变量PSO算法,并利用标准PSO算法和离散变量PSO算法分别对测试函数和某大型油船双层底结构优化设计问题进行求解,该双层底结构的响应分析计算采用正交异性板计算模型实现.研究了不同取值的惯性权重和学习因子对优化结果的影响.通过对计算结果的对比分析,得出该离散变量PSO算法应用于船体板架结构优化设计时,其惯性权重和学习因子的最佳取值范围.     

基于多阅读器避碰的双层规划及其混合智能优化

针对多阅读器竞争共享介质和覆盖区域重叠造成射频信号干扰和碰撞的问题,依据阅读器在识别范围内受干扰的程度,将其设定为稀疏或稠密阅读器,给出双层规划阅读器避碰模型,并提出相应的双层规划混合智能优化算法。将鱼群算法的拥挤度和追尾行为引入免疫优化算法中,增强群体的局部勘探能力,获得免疫鱼群优化算法;进而,将此算法作为算子模块嵌入到遗传算法中,得到求解此避碰模型的混合智能优化算法。比较性的数值实验显示,该算法的搜索效果稳定且具有明显优势。     

具有周期性双层优化结构的无人机集群航路规划模型

 针对多种威胁条件下的无人机集群航路规划问题,提出了集群控制方法和周期性双层优化算法。以定点抵达任务为背景,将d-范数、冲击函数与反曲函数结合起来,构建了能够实现雷诺兹准则的集群动态控制模型,并采用设计出的周期性双层优化算法求解中心无人机的航路规划问题。通过仿真算例,验证了该模型的实效性和优化算法的可行性,与遗传算法-人工势场混合算法相比,周期性双层优化算法求解效率更高且优化效果更好。     

整车物流双层轿运车车辆装载与路径整合优化研究

根据启发式算法思想,建立了双层轿运车的车辆配载和路径优化的双层规划模型。在路径优化的求解中融入一定的启发式搜索规则,设计了一种求解该双层规划模型的混合遗传算法,并给出了算法的编码方法、路径搜索方法和适应度函数的定义。案例分析表明,当乘用车种数不超过3种时,采用LINGO商业优化软件能在1 min内求出最优解;超过3种时求解时间呈指数增长。采用本文设计的混合遗传算法,能在较快时间内求出最优解,此模型和算法对编制大规模下的乘用车装载和配送计划具有较强的适用性和可行性。     

求解供应链分销模型的双层规划方法

以一个多仓库、多分销点的供应链二级分销网络为研究对象，分别从供应链上、下游企业的角度出发，以各自的物流成本最小化为目标，利用双层规划方法建立了供应链分销网络优化模型．讨论了该模型的求解方法，并结合分层迭代的思想给出了一个有效的算法，最后借助于计算机技术实现了对模型的仿真计算．     

机会约束规划在地对空雷达干扰资源优化分配中的应用

应用机会约束规划理论,研究了反空袭作战中地对空雷达干扰资源优化分配问题。首先,在给出雷达威胁等级判定模型的基础上,利用干扰压制区建立了地对空雷达干扰效果评定模型。其次,根据所建干扰效果评定模型,综合考虑干扰资源分配过程中存在的不确定因素,建立了双层模糊机会约束混合整数规划模型。最后,利用可能性测度理论,将干扰资源优化分配模型清晰化为双层混合整数规划模型,通过求解混合整数线性规划来获取优化分配模型的最优解。仿真算例表明:所建的干扰资源优化分配模型不仅能够有效处理分配过程中的不确定信息,而且能够在本级干扰效果最大化的同时实现全局最优化;模型的求解算法针对性更强,非常适合求解该问题。     

复杂轮廓激光切割路径优化算法的研究

激光切割的加工路径优化问题实质上是如何缩短激光头在轮廓间移动的空行程距离.复杂轮廓的切割顺序的生成必须考虑轮廓的嵌套问题.本文以轮廓位置关系为约束条件,根据图论原理将加工路径优化问题归结为广义旅行商问题(GTSP).提出了先按照轮廓位置关系构造树形结构,然后以加工起点为基准点按照从内向外的顺序遍历树形结构的优化算法,并给出应用实例.实验统计表明,使用该算法可将激光头空行程距离减少10%以上,明显的提高了激光切割的效率和质量.     

面向冲突化解的双线交汇区段列车编队双层优化模型

针对虚拟编组列车在双线交汇区段上面临的冲突与通过效率问题,提出了多种速度组编协调策略。将列车汇入时间、次序、编队组合和速度序列决策集成在双层优化模型中,上层模型优化通过效率,下层模型提高编队质量;设计双层嵌套粒子群算法,将汇入时间作为双层模型的中间交互变量,使列车群能根据环境需求收敛于不同队形。仿真结果表明,加入协调速度优化可以提高组编过程效率,双层编队模型可以在确保编队结构稳定性和均衡性的同时提高既有线路通过率。     

双层温克勒地基上双层薄板的弯曲问题

对道路建设、机场修筑、地基改建等修复工程中遇到的中间夹有地基构造层的双层薄板弯曲问题，提出一种双层温克勒地基上的双板模型．利用重三角级数求得了该模型的简支矩形双层薄板弯曲问题的精确解．结果表明，板间夹层的弹性特征会减少表层板的挠度值；表板与底板的挠度因夹层的弹性作用而互为耦合．作为特例，能够得出与文献［1］相符合的单层温克勒地基上简支矩形薄板弯曲问题的结果．     

优先发展策略下的高等教育最优投资双层规划模型

高等教育投资具有“双层”的特点，上层为主管部门，下层为高等学校．分析了优先发展策略下高等教育最优投资的层次及步骤，分别建立了保证优先发展学校最优投资和用剩余资金对全部学校无差别最优投资双层规划模型，给出了上、下层最优投资方案的确定方法．通过扩大可行解范围，将双层规划模型转换为单层线性规划模型，证明了两者最优解的等价性，设计了求得模型最优解的多项式算法，最后给出了应用举例．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-