Versuche zur Isolierung der γ-Globuline aus Kaninchenserum durch Acetonfällung

Summary It is possible — under constant conditions, such as pH, ionic strength and ionic milieu — to purify -globulins from rabbit-serum, using the fractionated acetone precipitation.

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Ausgeführt mit Mitteln der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.

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Mit technischer Assistenz von FräuleinChristel Borna.     

Verhütung der Hitzekoagulation von Serumproteinen durch Zucker

Summary Sixteen individuals of different types of sugars have been investigated as to their ability of inhibiting the visible heat coagulation of serum. When bovine serum was diluted with an equal amount of water and maintained at 70° C during half an hour, the following sugars were able to prevent coagulation in a minimum concentration of 5% per volume:l-arabinose,d-ribose,l-ascorbic acid, and digitoxose.     

Oxydation der Zucker durch Süssmandelemulsin (Rohferment nachHelferich)

Summary Emulsin (Rohferment ofHelferich) and similar enzyme preparations ofRosaceae-Amygdaloideae seeds have been found to exhibit a low but definite oxidizing activity towards aldohexoses in concentrated sugar solutions used for transglycosylation experiments.     

Über die Beeinflussung des Serumkomplementes durch Vitamin-K-Mangel beim Küken

Summary In vitamin K deficient chicken the serum complement (C) level is significantly decreased, as compared with normal animals, due to a lower level of its component C1. Administration of vitamin K₁ for three days did not restore its titer although the prolonged blood clotting time became normal. The results thus indicate a considerably slower resynthesis of the complement factor C1 than of prothrombin.     

Freisetzung von Brenzcatechinaminen aus der isoliert durchströmten Nebenniere durch Tyramin und β-Phenyläthylamin

Summary 1. When fresh cattle adrenals are perfusedin vitro with Tyrode's solution at 37°C, a spontaneous release of catechol amines takes place. This release is enhanced by the injection of tyramine or -phenylethylamine. 2. In agreement with earlier observations on isolated medullary granules, -phenylethylamine is more active than tyramine: 16 µM of -phenylethylamine, 66 µM of tyramine, and 0.03 µM of acetylcholine release almost equal amounts of catechol amines.

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Forschungs-Stipendiat der Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung.

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Ausgeführt mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Befunde aus der Frühentwicklung des Rattenkeimes als Beitrag zur Rhythmik der Entwicklung

Summary On the fourth day of development of the rat embryo all of the stages are found from the two-cell stage to the blastocele stage even among embryos from the same litter. On the seventh day, they all show egg-cylinder stages without exception. The time interval between cleavages from the second to the sixth day of development is not constant and, in fact, varies over a wide range, even among embryos from the same litter.     

Die Beeinflussung der Resorption von Radiocer aus einem intramuskulären Depot durch Diäthylentriaminpentaessigsäure

Summary It is shown in experiments on rats that the absorption of radiocerium from the site of an intramuscular injection and its excretion from the organism can be enhanced to a large extent by intraperitoneal administration of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid.     

Heavy water intake in tissues. II. H2O−D2O exchange in the myelinated nerve of the frog

Summary The kinetic parameters of D₂O intake in the frog sciatic nerve are obtained by means of infrared spectroscopy. 3 aqueous compartments: a non-exchangeable one (29%) and 2 compartments of quasi-free exchangeable water: 50% intracellular and 21% extracellular, are revealed.The first communication in this series is V. Vasilescu, D.-G. Mrgineanu and Eva Katona, Naturwiss.62, 187 (1975).For such derivations reference is made to the above mentioned mathematical model or to related works on compartmental analysis, reviewed by A. Rescigno and J. S. Beck, in: Foundations of Mathematical Biology, vol. II. Ed. R. Rosen, Academic Press, New York 1972.     

超临界CO2中以PEG20000为模板制备多孔材料Fe2O3

在超临界CO2中以聚合物PEG20000为模板,乙酰丙酮铁为前驱体制备Fe2O3多孔材料.研究了压力和温度对插嵌率的影响,并对材料进行了TG、XRD、N2吸脱附及SEM等表征.X射线衍射结果表明,产物主要由α-Fe2O3组成.根据产物的N2吸附-脱附等温线计算,产物的比表面积可迭361.01 m2/g,平均孔径为8 nm左右.SEM测试结果表明,产物由形状不规则的带有疏松结构的碎片组成.     

Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3在合成乙硫醇中的应用

采用等体积浸渍法制备了一系列Co-Mo／γ-Al2O3和K-Co-Mo／γ-Al2O3催化剂,采用XRD技术对催化剂进行了表征,在固定床反应器上评价了催化剂对乙烯和硫化氢合成乙硫醇反应的活性。结果表明,CoO负载量为5wt％、MoO3负载量为10wt％的催化剂活性较好,乙烯的转化率为86,91％,乙硫醇的选择性为68．22％;在Co-Mo／γ-Al2O3催化剂中加入2wt％K2CO3后,乙烯的转化率降低,但乙硫醇的选择性达到了100％。     

以H_2O为冷却剂的开式喷雾冷却系统实验研究

为了获得用于机载激光武器冷却的喷雾冷却系统特性,设计并搭建了以H2O为冷却剂的开式喷雾冷却实验平台,研究了单相区喷雾冷却的换热性能。在实测出加热块温度的基础上,计算出表面温度、热流密度及传热系数,并通过上述参数考察了喷嘴类型、喷雾高度、喷射压力等因素对热沉表面换热性能的影响。结果表明:每种型号喷嘴都存在一个最优喷射高度值,使得喷雾冷却的性能达到最优,且最优高度值略小于临界高度值;同时随着系统加热功率的升高,喷射压力对喷雾冷却性能的影响更加明显。上述结论为机载激光武器冷却领域喷雾冷却系统的应用提供了参考依据。     

超薄Al2O3绝缘栅AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT器件研究

采用原子层淀积（ALD）,实现超薄（3.5nm）Al2O3为栅介质的高性能AlGaN/GaN金属氧化物半导体高电子迁移率晶体管（MOS-HEMT）.新型AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT器件栅长0.8μm,栅宽60μm,栅压为＋3.0V时最大饱和输出电流达到800mA/mm,最大跨导达到150ms/mm,与同样尺寸的AlGaN/GaNHEMT器件相比,栅泄漏电流比MES结构的HEMT降低两个数量级,开启电压保持在？5.0V.C-V测量表明Al2O3能够与AlGaN形成高质量的Al2O3/AlGaN界面.     

水稻控制灌溉对稻田N_2O排放的影响机理研究

为了揭示水稻控制灌溉对稻田N2O排放的影响机理,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对控制灌溉稻田N2O排放进行原位观测,同时观测土壤水分状况、表层土温和土壤氧化还原电位(Eh)等影响因子,分析控制灌溉稻田N2O排放通量与影响因子间的定量关系.结果表明,与常规灌溉稻田相比,控制灌溉稻田土壤脱水促进了稻田N2O排放,而复水则导致N2O排放通量迅速减小;控制灌溉稻田N2O排放通量的峰值均出现在肥后8~10 d土壤脱水至土壤充水孔隙度WFPS为78.1%~85.3%时;表层土温不是控制灌溉稻田N2O排放的决定性因素,两者之间无显著相关关系(p0.05);控制灌溉稻田N2O排放通量的峰值主要出现在土壤Eh为+207.5~+275.2m V,低于+120或高于+300 m V时没有明显的N2O排放.将施肥后控制灌溉稻田的WFPS保持在85.3%以上能有效地减少其N2O排放,从而降低其温室效应.     

β-Ga2O3:Cr单晶体的浮区法生长及光学特性

利用浮区法生长得到β-Ga2O3：Cr单晶体．在室温下测试了β-Ga2O3：Cr单晶体的吸收光谱和发射光谱．通过吸收光谱计算了晶体场分裂系数Dq和Racah系数，得到10Dq/B=23．14，表明Cr^3＋在β-Ga2O3晶体中处于较弱的晶体场β-Ga2O3：Cr单晶体经高温退火后Cr^3＋的发射明显加强，而绿光的发射减弱．采用420nm波长激发，在691nm可得到强而宽的特征发射，此发射对应于Cr^3＋的^4T2→^4A2跃迁．     

电场对Al2O3／Cu摩擦磨损特性的影响及其机理研究

使用自制面接触往复式滑动摩擦磨损实验机,采用质量分数为１％硬脂酸锌水基乳化液作为润滑剂,研究了边界润滑状态下外加直流电场对Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ｃｕ摩擦副在低速滑动时的摩擦系数和磨损量的影响。实验结果显示：正向电压的施加能够显著地改变摩擦副的摩擦系数,外加电压＋２０Ｖ可使摩擦系数增加约２００％,摩擦系数的改变与外加直流电压的通断是对应的,平均响应时间大约为１ｍｉｎ,初步分析结果表明：外加电场的存在改变了摩擦     

Zur Pathogenese des Urämiesyndroms1. Über den Einfluss von Tyramin auf die Acetoinsynthese aus Brenztraubensäure in Rattenleberhomogenat2

Summary Tyramine enhanced the production of acetoin from pyruvate in rat liver homogenates. A stimulation of acetoin synthesis was only observed, when tyramine was oxidized during the incubation. Tyrosol (p-hydroxyphenylethanol) stimulated acetoin synthesis whereasp-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and ammonia were ineffective.

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Mit Unterstützung des »Schweizerischen Nationalfonds» und der Firma F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. AG, Basel.

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8. Mitteilung. 1. Mitt.:H. Thölen, F. Bigler undH. Staub, Path. Microbiol. (Basel)24, 262 (1961). — 2. Mitt.:F. Bigler, H. Thölen undH. Staub, Helv. physiol. Acta19, C 11 (1961). — 3. Mitt.:H. Thölen, F. Bigler undH. Staub, Exper.17, 359 (1961). — 4. Mitt.:F. Bigler, H. Thölen undH. Staub, Schweiz. med. Wschr.91, 1259 (1961). — 5. Mitt.:H. Thölen, F. Bigler, A. Heusler, W. Stauffacher undH. Staub, Exper.18, 454 (1962). — 6. Mitt.:F. Bigler, H. Thölen undH. Staub, Schweiz. med. Wschr.92, 746 (1962). — 7. Mitt.:F. Bigler, H. Thölen undH. Staub, in Vorbereitung.