改进力密度法在悬索桥主缆找形中的应用

针对悬索桥成桥和空缆两种状态的主缆找形问题,提出了改进力密度法.该方法结合无应力长度的概念,假设初始缆形为直线段.通过力密度法建立结构平衡方程求解节点坐标,反复迭代,求出控制条件下的目标缆形.以新建成的徐州京杭大运河地锚式悬索桥为依托,利用Matlab编程求解主缆缆形,并将数值计算结果与坐标实测值进行比较,结果表明该方...     

人行悬索桥竖向荷载作用下简化计算方法

为解决人行悬索桥在竖向荷载作用下计算挠度变形过程繁琐、有限元分析复杂等问题,根据人行悬索桥柔性较大的结构特征,忽略其加劲梁的刚度作用,考虑主缆IP点处位移、边缆垂度效应、几何非线性等因素,提出了一种简化计算方法.对不同跨度、不同矢跨比桥梁的主缆无应力长度和跨中挠度变形进行了试算,并根据试算结果对简化计算方法的适用范围和误差进行了分析,验证了计算方法的计算精度和适用范围.以跨度为117 m的人行悬索桥为例,利用本文计算方法对该桥分别在成桥状态和受竖向荷载作用时的悬索桥力学性能进行了分析,并与有限元分析和试验检测结果进行了比较.结果表明:本文所提简化计算方法实用性较好,能在实际工程中为人行悬索桥快速求解和有限元分析校核提供参考.     

悬索桥主缆成桥线形的解析计算

根据悬索桥在恒载作用下的力学特点,对悬索桥的主缆线形及无应力索长的计算方法进行了研究.采用悬链线单元建立悬索桥线彤和无应力索长的计算公式,结合施工中加劲粱的架设特点,确定了成桥线形分析中的吊索力,还对计算悬索桥主缆线形的非线性方程组采用Newton-Raphson迭代格式求解并编制程序.最后通过算例验证了该方法的计算精...     

混凝土自锚式悬索桥模型试验研究

抚顺市万新大桥全长476.15m,主桥为15m 70m 160m 70m 15m的双塔双索面混凝土自锚式悬索桥.模型试验对万新大桥主桥模型的静力性能和动力特性进行了详细研究,并与理论计算结果进行了比较,模型试验结果与理论分析相吻合.试验表明中小跨度混凝土自锚式悬索桥的受力基本符合线弹性,可以用线弹性理论进行分析;用现有的有限位移理论分析混凝土自锚式悬索桥的静力和动力特性,并进行抗风、抗震设计是可靠的.     

大跨度悬索桥空间温度场精细分析方法

为了研究悬索桥空间温度场分布及其变化规律,提出了自然环境下大跨度悬索桥空间温度场精细分析方法.首先根据构件表面所在位置和太阳入射角判断大跨度悬索桥构件外表面的遮挡状态,然后基于传热理论计算构件外表面所受辐射能,通过对构件各外表面施加辐射荷载和对流换热边界计算大跨度悬索桥空间温度场,最后以某大跨度悬索桥为例,采用多尺度分析方法计算主缆的热物性参数,在此基础上得到了自然环境下该桥空间温度场分布.结果表明,自然环境下大跨度悬索桥主缆空间温度场关于跨中非对称分布,最高温度出现在近跨中受太阳正面照射的节段,主塔迎阳面和背阳面最大温差近7,℃,桥面阴影区与相邻非阴影区温差达15,℃.以该方法为基础,可以实现大跨度悬索桥健康监测系统结构响应中温度效应的精确分离.     

香港青龙大桥初步设计方案受力分析

根据悬索桥的受力特点,将空间杆系与三维应力仿真分析模型相结合,给出大跨径悬索桥的三维应力有限元分析方法,并运用这种方法对主跨1418m的香港青龙大桥初步设计方案进行了受力分析,分别给出了整体结构受力分析和主梁、索鞍的局部应力分析的方法和结果。     

润扬大桥南汊悬索桥桥面铺装在竖向荷载静力作用下的力学分析

介绍了一种整体局部模型的分析方法对钢桥面铺装进行力学研究,即分别建立整桥、局部梁段、正交异性板桥面铺装的三维有限元模型,通过边界条件的设置,将整桥力学分析的结果移植到正交异性板桥面铺装模型中.研究结果表明,考虑悬索桥桥型特点计算的铺装层最大纵向拉应力比以往局部模型的计算结果大12.6%左右,这是由于悬索桥主梁和桥面铺装活载挠度大于一般连续梁桥的结构特点所致.桥面铺装力学分析方法能较为准确地反映桥面铺装在整桥力学环境下的受力特点.     

柔性悬索桥动力特性与地震响应分析

文章采用非线性的有限元理论对柔性悬索桥进行抗震分析,采用反应谱法与动态时程分析法对该桥在地震荷载作用下的响应进行了分析,时程反应分析与反应谱分析的结果存在较大差异,分析认为对于大跨度的柔性结构,反应谱法已不能适用.结合该人行悬索桥设计,将大跨悬索桥的设计理论与柔性悬索桥的实际情况相结合,根据计算结果采取相应的工程措施,注重结构的安全性、适用性、经济性和美观性,充分发挥柔性悬索桥的交通通行功能,对悬索桥的设计具有指导意义.     

基于刚性支承连续梁法的悬索桥成桥状态解析算法

为解决悬索桥合理成桥状态平衡态计算闭合问题，系统提出成桥状态的解析算法。首先，根据余能定理推导基于刚性支承连续梁成桥状态目标函数，考虑索塔压缩变形，基于悬链线理论建立缆索体系非线性方程组；然后，考虑加劲梁无应力曲率，根据加劲梁弯曲变形微分方程组，构建多节点力作用下的加劲梁位形计算非线性方程组；进而，根据成桥状态下刚性支承连续梁位形，设立加劲梁各吊点最优化控制目标函数；最后，基于吊索体系联立缆索体系与加劲梁体系的力学模型非线性方程组，实现基于刚性支承连续梁的成桥状态各构件力学参数化求解，并将推导的解析算法与有限元模型的研究结果进行对比分析。结果表明：解析算法计算结果由于计算过程的闭合条件，与有限元模型计算结果基本吻合，对于关键参数吊索力及主缆线形计算差值率控制在0.1%以内，加劲梁弯矩极值差值率约为-0.34%;推导的解析算法为精细化合理成桥状态闭合方法，可作为悬索桥合理成桥状态设计的可靠方法。     

悬索桥空缆线形分析综述

系统地阐述了悬索桥空缆线性分析方法的研究现状及发展动态,并指出了悬索桥空缆线性分析的关键问题之所在.文章还对现在比较常用的两种分析方法进行了详细的介绍,并指出各自的优缺点,对今后相类似的问题有一定的借鉴意义.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the