神府矿区煤矸石周边土壤重金属污染评价

为研究矿区煤矸石堆放对生态环境产生的影响,选取神府矿区煤矸石周边土壤为研究对象,探讨矿区煤矸石释放的重金属Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd、Ni、As、Cu对周边土壤污染危害状况.并用潜在生态风险指数法评价研究矿区土壤重金属污染风险等级.结果表明:神府矿区煤矸石周边土壤内重金属Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd含量均严重超过中国土壤元素背景值,其中各矿区煤矸石周边的重金属Pb、Cd的单项潜在生态风险等级均达到2级,属于中等污染;神府矿区周边土壤重金属的综合潜在生态风险指数为193.83,污染等级为3级风险,属显著污染.此外,煤矸石周边土壤淋溶实验显示重金属Pb、Zn在土壤中的溶出率高达50%多,表明重金属Pb、Zn在土壤中易发生转移.     

雪鸡坪-春都铜矿区土壤重金属污染评价

以香格里拉县雪鸡坪-春都铜矿区土壤为研究对象,分析长期采矿活动对表层土壤重金属含量的影响.通过对矿区土壤的重金属(Cd,Hg,As,Cu,Cr,Zn,Pb)含量进行测定,以国家土壤环境质量3级标准和云南省土壤背景值为评价标准,采用内梅罗综合指数法分析矿区土壤的重金属污染现状,运用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法进行潜在生态风险评估.结果表明:矿区长期开采活动导致Hg,As,Pb,Zn,Cu这5种重金属含量高于云南省土壤背景值,Hg,As,Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd这6种重金属含量高于全国土壤背景值;Cu的单因子污染指数值最高,污染水平超标,为该矿区土壤的主要污染元素;综合土壤环境指数为1.14,土壤受到轻度污染;矿区Hg元素具有强的生态危害,Cu元素具有中等生态危害,其余元素为轻微生态危害,综合生态危害指数为226.22,整体上该矿区的生态风险属于中等水平.     

豫中平原煤矿区土壤重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价

为了保证土壤和粮食安全,对王行庄煤矿区范围内土壤和降尘中的Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni、Pb和Cd的含量进行监测,采用潜在生态风险评价和相关性分析方法,研究了土壤中重金属的污染水平、生态危害和溯源.结果表明,王行庄矿区土壤中Cr元素超标率为53.8%,其他重金属含量均达到二级土壤标准,但是Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni和Cd在土壤中均已有累积现象;矿区土壤重金属的潜在生态危害评价显示,各点重金属的生态危害都很轻微,污染程度顺序为Cd>Ni>Cu>Cr>Pb>Zn;由重金属相关性溯源可知,Pb主要来自于自然界,Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni和Cd来源较广泛,存在一定的复合污染现象,其中,大气降尘对土壤中Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni和Cd的含量有一定的贡献.     

沼液-土壤-蔬菜系统中重金属变化特征

以沼液-土壤-蔬菜系统中重金属为对象,研究系统中重金属含量、相关性及其富集能力,确定重金属的变化规律。结果表明:土壤和蔬菜中重金属Ni、Zn、Cd和Pb含量超过国内标准限值,土壤中有机质含量与Cu、As、Mn、Co、Ni、Pb和Zn含量成正相关,土壤pH与Cu、As、Cr和Cd含量成正相关,蔬菜中Co-Cu、Ni-Co、Ni-Cu和Zn-As间显示了显著相关性,表明蔬菜对重金属吸收表现出了协同作用,重金属富集系数从大到小排序为Cd、Zn、Cr、Pb、Mn、Cu、Ni、Co和As。蔬菜的富集系数从大到小排序为苋菜、空心菜、马兰头、大蒜、葱和田菜,叶菜的富集系数较大,表明叶菜利于土壤中重金属迁移,研究结果可以为沼液灌溉农田的重金属防控提供科学依据。     

川南地区某硫铁矿废渣堆周边农田土壤重金属污染水平及源解析

为探究硫铁矿区废渣堆对周边农田造成的影响,系统采集了川南某硫铁矿废渣堆及周边农用地土壤样品共61件,测定其重金属（Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、As、Hg）的含量,分析8种重金属污染水平及空间分布特征,利用相关性和主成分分析对重金属进行源解析,并借助综合生态风险指数、地累积指数等方法评估土壤污染风险水平．结果显示,研究区土壤中Cr、Cu和Cd含量超过国家相应标准,且Cr、Cd、Pb和As的含量明显高于土壤背景值,分别为背景值的1.56、1.40、1.45、2.89倍;Ni、Cu和Zn含量的空间分布相对均匀,而其它5种重金属的空间分布相对集中;矿区周边农田土壤整体处于中等生态风险水平（150相似文献   

钼矿区周边果园土壤重金属污染评价及对水果品质的影响

针对葫芦岛矿区多家个体钼矿开采给土壤带来的重金属污染进行了详细研究.选取矿区果园土壤样本60个,果园红富士苹果、白梨、锦丰梨样本各20个,经消解处理后用等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)分别测定土壤和水果样本中Pb、Ni、Cu、Cr、Zn、Cd、As、Mo、Hg金属元素含量,并对重金属污染状况进行全面系统评价.评价结果表明,该果园土壤Cd、As和Hg的污染严重.土壤中Pb、Ni、Cu、Cr和Zn污染也比较重.污染程度为:Cd＞As＞Hg＞Pb＞Zn＞Cr＞Cu＞Ni.并给果树造成影响,所产水果也遭到轻微污染,污染程度大小基本与土壤污染程度相吻合,给水果质量带来严重影响.     

三明市城市生活污水处理厂污泥中的重金属含量及其形态分布研究

以福建省三明市生活污水处理厂的污泥为研究对象,研究了污泥中重金属的种类及含量,以及重金属的形态分布情况.重金属全量微波消解结果表明,三明市生活污水处理厂的污泥含有Zn、Cu、Pb、Cr、Ni、Co、Cd等7种重金属,含量由高到低的顺序为Zn＞Cu＞Pb＞Cr＞Ni＞Co＞Cd,其含量分别为2513.91 mg/kg、438.62 mg/kg、152.3 mg/kg、81.28 mg/kg、35.08 mg/kg、14.43 mg/kg、1.58mg/kg,其中Zn超过污泥农用(酸性土壤)时的标准限制(2000mg/kg).BCR形态分析结果表明,污泥中重金属Zn、Cr和Ni主要以残渣态为主,Cu、Pb、Co和Cd主要以还原态为主.Zn和Cd的不稳定态含量较高,具有潜在的污染影响,在污泥利用时应给予关注.     

淮南矿区土壤中6种典型微量元素的空间分布特征及其生态风险评价

煤矸石在地表长时间大量堆积会释放微量元素,并迁移到周围土壤中引起污染.以淮南矿区土壤为研究对象,采集不同开采年限矿区(新庄孜矿、潘一矿和顾桥矿)土壤和矸石样品,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定土壤和矸石中6种元素Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb和Zn的含量,探讨微量元素的空间分布特征、污染程度和生态风险.结果表明:6种元素的含量水平横向分布趋势特征不明显,但不同开采年限矿区土壤中6种元素的含量呈现出老矿中年矿新矿的特点;6种元素只有Cd元素含量超过土壤背景值;单项污染指数评价表明,只有Cd元素在新庄孜矿呈现轻微污染,在潘一矿和顾桥矿呈现轻度污染;迭加指数评价表明,3个矿区的土壤污染等级均为中度污染;潜在生态风险指数评价表明,淮南矿区土壤中Cd元素具有相当大的潜在生态风险,3个矿区的土壤均具有中等生态风险.     

淮北矿区土壤重金属空间分布与环境评价

以淮北矿区为研究区域,采集了311个土壤样品,测定了Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,As的含量,研究重金属的空间分布特征,同时对土壤重金属进行环境评价.结果表明,研究区土壤中6种重金属存在一定程度富集,其中Zn元素富集程度最高.Cu,Zn和Pb元素的富集是由煤炭开采、化肥使用和交通运输等人为因素引起的,Cr和Ni元素受自然因素和人为活动共同影响,As的空间分布主要与成土母质等自然因素有关.环境评价结果显示,淮北矿区土壤重金属整体处于未污染或轻度污染状态,生态风险轻微,环境质量良好.     

武汉市某工业用地土壤重金属污染状况分析与评价

为研究土壤重金属的污染状况,从武汉市某工业用地土壤中采集26份样本检测分析了其Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Mn和Co元素含量.结果表明：土壤整体呈pH中性,土壤中的有机质含量偏低.表层（0～20cm）和次表层（20～50cm）土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Mn、Co含量分别为27.08,198.68,67.95,18.72,525.50,69.44 mg/kg;和25.82,210.19,65.68,19.67,528.99,68.92 mg/kg.以湖北省土壤背景值为评价标准,该工业用地土壤重金属主要污染为Co,其次是Zn,该工业用地属于重金属重度污染.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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