基于双姿态传感器的关节运动角度测量方法

针对单自由度关节运动角度测量精度制约于传感器安装姿态的问题,文章以肘关节相对运动角度为测量对象,提出了一种基于双姿态传感器的关节运动角度测量方法。通过欧拉角法建立相应的数学模型,详细阐述了运用双姿态传感器对关节运动角度进行测量的测量原理;并通过静态验证实验与动态对比实验对该测量方法进行了验证。实验结果表明:采用该方法对关节相对运动角度进行测量,于传感器安装姿态无任何特殊要求,测量精度可以达到±0.5°,在实际测量应用中切实可行。     

微压传感器

采用特殊形状的腰形管作为弹性元件,可制成敏感的微压传感器.腰形管由四块不同曲率的曲板组成,在承受压力后,表面有拉应变区和压应变区,在最大应变处粘特制的应变片,即可组成高灵敏度的微压传感器.它性能稳定,灵敏度高,采用了多种新技术,如激光封焊、钛合金弹性元件等.其量程为     

超磁致伸缩力传感器及其实验研究

基于磁致伸缩逆效应原理,以超磁致伸缩棒为敏感元件研究了一种具有高灵敏度的新型超磁致伸缩力传感器,通过集成在结构内部的霍尔传感器测量磁通密度来实现静态力的测量.同时,为了提高传感器的测量灵敏度,提出了一种安装在霍尔传感器周围的不锈钢钢环的特殊结构.给出了超磁致伸缩力传感器的测量原理和设计过程,并通过实验研究确定了偏置磁场、预紧力和超磁致伸缩棒的尺寸等因素对传感器输出特性的影响规律,分别得到了传感器工作的最佳偏置磁场和预紧力,为超磁致伸缩力传感器的深入研究和精确控制提供了一种技术途径.     

三维动态磨削力测量平台结构设计

为了实现叶片磨削过程中磨削力的精确测控,针对磨削力变化的高动态特性,提出了采用相互正交的独立弹性元件测量三向正交磨削力的方法,并设计出电阻应变式三维动态磨削力测量平台.通过运用材料力学相关公式进行数学推导和Workbench有限元仿真及实际测试实验验证了其性能.实验表明上述方法有效解决了测力仪固有频率与灵敏度之间的矛盾,并在结构上降低了各向磨削力测量之间的向间耦合程度,为实现高频磨削力的实时精确检测提供了技术保障.     

微摩擦测试的微力传感器设计

论述了一种新的应用于微摩擦测试的微力传感器,这种微力传感器能同时测定微小摩擦力及相应正压力的大小,其独特的悬臂结构消除了多维力传感器普遍关注的耦合问题．正压力和摩擦力的测力原理分别基于应变片法和位移法．标定及静态特性的分析表明,该微力传感器具有较高的测力精度和分辨力,适合于mN级的摩擦测试．摩擦测试实验表明,该微力传感器完全能进行各种润滑膜的微摩擦性能评估测试,从而为微摩擦研究提供了一种有效的实验工具．     

四梁式扭矩传感器的设计与优化

为了解决复合振动攻丝研究中的扭矩和轴向力测量问题,设计了一种基于电阻应变的四梁式扭矩传感器。四梁为两端固支结构,均匀分布在半径为R的圆周上,可以测量扭矩和轴向力。为了提高传感器性能,对弹性元件进行了受力分析,以灵敏度为优化目标函数,建立了数学模型,采用Matlab优化工具箱,对传感器的结构进行优化。该传感器工作在振动条件下,为了使传感器的固有频率避开振动攻丝机的工作频率,防止产生共振现象,采用有限元分析软件Ansys对传感器的模态进行了分析,得出传感器的各阶振型及固有频率。     

非晶合金弱磁场传感器的研制

研究钴基非晶态合金条带制成的单磁芯双绕组新型磁场传感器. 采用频率测量方法测量磁场, 提高了传感器的测量灵敏度; 采用闭环测量系统, 增加了传感器的稳定度.      

新型智能化三向力传感器的研究通过技术鉴定

新型智能化三向力传感器的研究通过技术鉴定新型智能化三向力传感器的研究是天津市青年科学基金资助项目，本研究解决了三向力传感器的智能化模块标定方法，完成了弹性元件结构的设计。研制了双向力传感器、三向力传感器及三向力传感器的放大电路设计。研究成果完全达到了...     

采用软测量技术提高变风量空调系统的性能

变风量空调箱是变风量空调系统中最关键的设备,其串级控制系统由内、外环2个回路组成.作为内环的风量控制回路对变风量空调的性能起着重要作用.将高等过程控制中的软测量技术应用于内环回路的风量测量,使用软测量技术得到的测量结果对风量传感器的运行进行动态监测,当风量传感器的测量结果与软测量结果相差达到一定程度时,可以认为风量传感器出现了故障,在报警的同时,使用软测量结果临时替代风量传感器作为风量的测量值,仍可以使变风量系统具有较好的运行性能.     

采用双天线GPS/INS系统的汽车侧偏角和轮胎侧偏刚度估测法

介绍了测姿原理,分析了采用单天线GPS/INS组合测量方式的运动学卡尔曼滤波器在车辆侧倾和传感器发生漂移时存在的加速度偏差测量的延时问题,提出了直接测量车辆侧倾角和传感器漂移的双天线GPS/INS测量方法,并利用该测量方法对车辆和轮胎的侧偏角以及轮胎的侧偏刚度进行了估测.测试结果表明:采用双天线GPS方法测量的侧偏角和...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-