亳县陨石的热释光性质,分类和冲击相

亳县陨石的诱发热释光强度为Ｄｈａｊａｌａ陨石的１．３８±０．０２倍，因此它是一颗不平衡普通球粒陨石，分类为ＬＬ３．８由矿物学热释光性质反映其冲击相为ｂ．自然热释光等效剂量约为２０７．３±０．４ｋｒａｄ，此值高于绝双多数陨石，反映它曾处于太阳系空间中温度较的环境或曾接受过异常高的辐射剂量。     

广西贵港靖西玻璃陨石的发现与研究

研究了近年来在广西贵港、横县、平果和靖西等地相继发现的玻璃陨石，经测定，其裂变径迹年龄为０．７３７Ｍａ，基本特征与我国海南、雷州半岛以及印度尼西亚、澳大利亚等地的玻璃陨石相似，同属亚澳散布区撞击事件的产物，可作为早更新世松山反向极性时与中更新世布容正向极性时之间的事件地层年代学标志物．它的发现不仅为距今０．７Ｍａ前天体撞击地球事件、探寻源岩和靶坑提供有关资料，而且对广西第四纪地质、地貌和矿产研究也有实际意义．     

石英前剂量110℃热释光效应的研究

研究了不同前剂量照射对石英粉末１１０ ℃峰的热释光（ＴＬ）响应的影响,结果表明,石英１１０ ℃热释光效应正比于照射的前剂量,并且在前剂量范围（０．１３５～１ ．３５０ Ｇｙ）内,石英热释光灵敏度基本呈线性分布态势．     

南极格罗夫山新发现的橄辉无球粒陨石岩石学与矿物化学

介绍南极格罗夫山地区新发现的二块橄辉无球粒陨石的岩石学特征和矿物化学．GRV021512陨石具有典型的橄辉无球粒陨石结构,主要由橄榄石（48．3％）、易变辉石（9．4％）和富碳质填隙物（38．1％）组成．而GRV022931为碎裂斑状结构,橄榄石（19．1％）和易变辉石（14．1％）呈斑晶状分布于富碳质填隙物和蚀变产物（66．3％）中,二块陨石的粗粒橄榄石和易变辉石都具有均匀的核部成分,其成分富FeO,落在橄榄石-易变辉石橄辉无球粒陨石的富铁的亚群（Ⅰ型）中．所有橄榄石沿颗粒边缘和裂隙表现出还原边结构．在富碳质填隙物中石墨呈不规则块状或脉状产出,其中有大量细小的金刚石与之共生．此外,还讨论了二块陨石的岩石成因和金刚石成因．     

中国陨石的世界之最

陨石是陨星从宇宙空间穿过地球大气层后落到地面的残体。由于数量稀少，陨石常常被视为无价之宝，尤其是来自类地行星和月球的陨石。例如在纽约一家拍卖行，一块重仅0．28克的火星陨石竟拍出4600美元的高价，比黄金贵1500倍；而澳大利亚的一块月球陨石竟然卖到每克拉2万美元，令人瞠目结舌。     

科学家首次描述来自月球陨石的经历

科学家首次描述了陨石从月球坠落到我们地球上的经历。对月球陨石进行的地质学分析结果表明，它在坠落过程中经历3次碰撞，在此之前它被爆炸波抛射到太空中，陨石的成分使科学家能确定它来自月球上的伊姆布里乌姆海。     

MgSO_4:Dy,Mn磷光体的热释光和ESR特性研究

通过双掺杂制备杂质浓度不同的ＭｇＳＯ_４：Ｄｙ,Ｍｎ磷光体,经~６０Ｃｏγ辐照后,研究其热释光（ＴＬ）发光曲线、热释光动力学特徵参量,热释光剂量响应和电子自旋共振（ＥＳＲ）谱。从ＴＬ发光曲线观察ＭｇＳＯ_４：Ｄｙ,Ｍｎ只有一个在３８０℃附近的主剂量峰,辐射剂量响应（０．１Ｇｙ～２０ｋＧｙ）为超线性。并观测到热释光剂量响应的非线性与磷光体中掺入的Ｍｎ浓度相关．在室温下测量了掺入不同Ｍｎ浓度的ＭｇＳＯ_４：Ｄｙ,Ｍｎ样品的ＥＳＲ谱,观测和确认了各向异性ＳＯ_３~－基,该硫酸氧基与Ｍｇ空位和掺入的杂质有关．还对掺入Ｄｙ杂质的ＭｇＳＯ_４系列磷光体的热释光发光机制进行了初步探讨。     

a—C：H膜与宁强陨石有序度的比较研究

利用Ｒａｍａｎ谱与退火关系研究ａ－Ｃ：Ｈ与宁强陨石的有序度。非晶碳是宁强陨石的主要组成结构２；陨石与非晶碳样品的有序度随退火温度的变化规律类似，只是出现的温度范围不同，并且陨石与Ｔｓ＝１００℃的ａ－Ｃ：Ｈ在经过４５０℃退火后Ｒａｍａｎ谱形状类似。     

啤酒发酵微机测控系统

首先分析温度、压力对发酵过程的影响，然后根据发酵工艺曲线及发展规划提出控制方案，并加以实施．整个测控系统实测指标：测量精度为温度±０．１℃，压力±０．５％，液位±０．５％；控制精度为温度±０．３℃，压力±０．６％．     

陨石有哪些种类

根据对全世界收集到的近3000次陨石的研究，按照矿物质组成和化学成分，可以将陨石分为五类：石陨石、铁陨石、石铁陨石、微陨石和冰陨石。其中微陨石是一种降落到地球上的宇宙尘，直径一般不超过1毫米。     

The Juancheng chondrite──A new meteorite falling recently in China

The Juancheng chondrite, a new meteorite falling recently in Juancheng County, Shandong Province, China, is classified as an H5 (S2) chondrite based on the compositions of olivine (Fa= 19.2, σ Fa=0.46) and low-Ca pyroxene (Fs=16.9, σ Fa=0.4). The plagioclase in the Juancheng chondrite is rich in CaO, indicating a relatively high metamorphic temperature the parent body underwent.     

FeO-rich silicates and Ca, Al-rich inclusions in Qingzhen and Yamato 691 (EH3) meteorites: Evidence for migration of mass in the solar nebula

The Qingzhen and Yamato 691 (EH3) enstatite chondrites, which formed under extremely reducing conditions, are studied using the scanning electron microscope and electron probe microanalyzer. Both meteorites contain FeO-rich silicates and minor Ca, Al-rich inclusions. Most FeO-rich silicates are Ca-poor pyroxenes and occur as fragments in matrix. A few grains of FeO-rich silicates were found in chondrules, and FeO-rich olivine is rare. In Qingzhen, FeO-rich silicates commonly contain abundant dust-like Ni-poor metals, which probably formed through reduction of FeO. In contrast, only a few fragments of FeO-rich silicates in Yamato 691 enclose dust-like metals. This difference is consistent with a more reducing condition of Qingzhen than Yamato 691. Ca, Al-rich inclusions have similar modal compositions and mineral chemistry as their counterparts in carbonaceous chondrites. We suggest that (1) the FeO-rich silicates probably formed in oxidized regions of the solar nebula, and then moved into the enstatite chondrite locations; and (2) Ca, Al-rich inclusions in both enstatite chondrites and carbonaceous chondrites may have similar origins and reservoirs.     

NaAlSi3O8-hollandite and other high-pressure minerals in the shock melt veins of the Suizhou meteorite

The Suizhou L6 chondrite contains a few very thin shock melt veins of 0.02–0.09 mm in width. In spite of small width of the veins, shock-induced high-pressure phases, such as coarse-grained NaAlSi₃O₈-hollandite, ringwoodite, majorite and fine-grained matrix majorite-pyrope_ss have been discovered in these veins. NaAlSi₃O₈-hollandite, the high-pressure phase of plagioclase, in Suizhou shock veins occurs as a single phase mineral, no silicate glassy phase, such as albitic glass, was incorporated with it. The presence of above-mentioned high-pressure phases constrains the high pressure (up to 23–24 GPa) and high temperature (up to 1900–2000°C) regime in Suizhou shock veins, and indicates that the duration of high-pressure regime in the veins should be long enough (a few seconds) for phase transformation and crystallization of minerals under pressure. The discovery of the first natural single-phase crystalline NaAlSi₃O₈-hollandite in Suizhou meteorite is of important significance in understanding the Earth’s mantle geochemistry.     

吕梁山区五台群顶部地层的Sm-Nd年龄——兼论岩浆源区地幔的特殊性

本文根据Sm-Nd同位素工作结果,给出五台群的顶界年龄为2470Ma,属太古代地层。华北地台基底的太古代地层中几处出现世界上同时代的其它构造单元中尚未发现过的高∈~Nd(T)值,表明当时地幔的局部不均匀性已很可观。岩石的既往亏损史与Nd相对富集的情况相矛盾,可能是由于深部地幔去气流体的补入或形成时间不长的地壳物质的混染。     

Noble gas and cosmic-ray exposure age of Juancheng chondrite

The analytical results of noble gase in recently fallen Juancheng chondrite indicate that cosmic-ray ages of cosmogenic nuclei of³He,²¹Ne and³⁸Ar are 5.1, 5.0 and 5.8 Ma, respectively, averaging 5.3 Ma. The gas retention ages radiogenic nuclei of⁴He and⁴⁰Ar are 3 200 and 4 200 Ma, respectively. The average cosmic-ray age shows that it has occurred at breakup of the meteoroid from its parent body by impact before 5.3 Ma.