多晶硅薄膜太阳电池效率影响因素的研究

研究了影响单晶硅衬底的多晶硅薄膜太阳电池转换效率的因素,得到该种电池的快速热化学汽相沉积（RTCVD）的最传教条件,同时改进了制备薄膜太阳电池的若干工艺问题,得到了转换效率为14．08％的太阳电池,其填充因子为0．808。     

颗粒硅带上薄膜太阳电池的研究

采用颗粒硅带（SSP）作为衬底,利用快速热化学气相沉积（RTCVD）方法外延多晶硅薄膜并制作了转换效率达6．36％的薄膜太阳电池,对衬底特性、电池制作工艺、存在问题及进一步的研究方向做了探讨。     

Al2O3衬底上多晶硅薄膜的外延和区熔再结晶

研究了陶瓷衬底上多晶硅薄膜的生长和区熔再结晶.利用快速热化学气相沉积(RTCVD)方法,在低成本的Al2O3衬底上沉积了重掺杂的致密多晶硅薄膜,薄膜的晶粒尺寸在微米级.经区熔再结晶(ZMR)后,薄膜的晶粒尺寸有了较大的提高,而且迁移率较高,这样的薄膜可以用作晶体硅薄膜太阳电池的籽晶层.最大的晶粒达到毫米量级,空穴迁移率超过50 cm2·V-1·s-1.在籽晶层上外延的活性层形貌与此类似.这些结果显示这种薄膜在光伏应用方面有较大的潜力.     

SSP衬底上多晶硅薄膜电池的研究

从简化步骤,降低成本的角度出发,采用快速热化学气相沉积（RTCVD）法在低纯颗粒带硅（SSP）衬底上制备出了多晶硅薄膜太阳电池,测试结果表明,实验室制备的无钝化,无减发射膜的多晶硅薄膜太阳电池获得了3．57％的转换效率,并在此基础上提出采用氢钝化,减反射,快速生长和隔离技术,期待电池效率能有进一步的提高。     

SSP衬底上多晶硅薄膜电池的研究

从简化步骤、降低成本的角度出发,采用快速热化学气相沉积(RTCVD)法在低纯颗粒带硅(SSP)衬底上制备出了多晶硅薄膜太阳电池.测试结果表明,实验室制备的无钝化、无减发射膜的多晶硅薄膜太阳电池获得了3.57%的转换效率.并在此基础上提出采用氢钝化、减反射、快速生长和隔离技术,期待电池效率能有进一步的提高.     

用区熔技术改善多晶硅薄膜颗粒硅带衬底的质量

以颗粒硅带为衬底,通过化学气相沉积法制备多晶硅薄膜作为太阳电池的活性层．为了改善硅带衬底的质量,引入区熔再结晶的方法,期望将其表面平整度及结晶质量进一步提高,进而改善以其为衬底的多晶硅薄膜质量．借助台阶仪、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对颗粒硅带及多晶硅薄膜进行了表面轮廓、结晶质量和微观形貌的表征．结果表明：区熔后的颗粒硅带表面平整度得到了较好的改善;表面具有[311]择优方向的硅带区熔后都倾向[111]择优;在区熔硅带衬底上沉积的多晶硅薄膜晶粒尺寸在100μm以上,但暂无明显证据证明区熔对薄膜结晶质量有显著提高．     

温度对RTCVD法制备多晶硅薄膜生长的影响

多晶硅薄膜太阳电池是21世纪最具发展潜力的薄膜太阳电池.如何快速、大面积、高质量地沉积多晶硅薄膜一直是多晶硅薄膜太阳电池研究中的一个核心问题.文中以SiHCl3为硅源、B2H6为掺杂气,采用先进的快热化学气相沉积法(RTCVD)制备了大晶粒的多晶硅薄膜.所制备的薄膜厚度为30~40μm,沉积速率达3~7μm/min.文中还分析了沉积温度对多晶硅薄膜生长速率及晶体微观结构的影响.结果表明:当沉积温度在900~1170℃时,平均生长速率随温度近似单调递增,此时薄膜生长由表面反应阶段控制;随着温度的升高,薄膜平均晶粒尺寸也由900℃时的不足3μm增长到1170℃时的超过30μm;温度较低时,薄膜易向[220]方向生长;温度达到1170℃时,多晶硅薄膜有向[111]方向生长的趋势.     

PECVD法制备纳米晶粒多晶硅薄膜

采用射频等离子体增强化学气相沉积系统（RF-PECVD）以高纯SiH4为气源在P型〈100〉晶向单晶硅片上、衬底温度600℃、射频（13.56MHz）电源功率50W时沉积非晶硅薄膜,利用高温真空退火制作纳米晶粒多晶硅薄膜。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、Raman光谱、AFM测量和分析薄膜微结构及表面形貌,实验结果表明,退火温度为800℃时非晶硅薄膜晶化,形成择优取向为〈111〉晶向的多晶硅薄膜;退火温度增加,Raman谱TO模和TA模强度逐渐减弱;AFM给出800℃退火后薄膜晶粒明显细化,形成由20~40nm大小晶粒组成的多晶硅薄膜,薄膜晶粒起伏程度明显减弱。     

Cu衬底上ZnO纳米结构及其光催化性能分析

采用两步电化学沉积法在Cu衬底上沉积得到ZnO纳米结构薄膜。用X-射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对其结构及形貌进行表征,发现先在Cu衬底上沉积一层Zn致密膜,更有利于在其表面上得到附着力强、形貌较好的ZnO纳米结构膜。系统考察了沉积温度和沉积时间等工艺参数对ZnO纳米结构的影响。结果表明,沉积温度和沉积时间对晶体结构和形貌有显著影响,通过对工艺进行适宜控制可以得到结晶性良好的六方纤锌矿型ZnO纳米结构膜。以罗丹明B为目标有机污染物,分析了ZnO膜的光催化性能,表明所制备的ZnO膜可以作为光催化剂,其光催化效率可达到72.4%。     

a-Si:H薄膜固相晶化法制备大晶粒多晶硅薄膜

用等离子体化学气相沉积（PCVD）法制备：a－Si：N薄膜材料（衬底温度20O℃～350℃），用固相晶化法（SPC）获得多晶硅薄膜（退火温度500℃～650℃）,用X射线衍射法测得平均晶粒尺寸依赖于退火温度和沉积条件，随着沉积温度的降低需要较高的退火温度,用SEM观测形貌测得平均晶粒大小为1,0～1,5μm     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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