不同压强下制备镓-镁共掺杂氧化锌薄膜的性能研究

以镓-镁掺杂的氧化锌(ZnO)陶瓷靶作为溅射源,采用磁控溅射技术在玻璃基片上沉积镓-镁共掺杂ZnO(ZnO:Ga-Mg)薄膜样品.通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)的测试表征,研究了压强对ZnO:Ga-Mg样品结构性质和薄膜内应力的影响.结果表明,所有薄膜样品均为六角纤锌矿晶体结构并具有(002)择优取向生长特性,压强对其结晶性能和内应力具有明显的影响.当压强为3.5 Pa时,ZnO:Ga-Mg薄膜样品具有最强的(002)衍射峰、最大的平均晶粒尺寸、最小的张应力和最好的晶体质量.     

K掺杂量对氧化锌薄膜晶体结构和光学性能的影响

利用溶胶-凝胶旋涂法(sol-gel)在玻璃衬底上制备了不同K掺杂量的K-N共掺ZnO薄膜.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)和光致发光谱(PL)对样品的晶体结构、表面形貌和光学性能进行了表征.结果表明:与未掺杂样品相比,K-N元素共掺之后,薄膜结构仍保持六方纤锌矿型且沿c轴择优生长;随着K掺杂量的增加,样品的(002)衍射峰强度先增强后减弱,而对薄膜的紫外发光峰影响不大.当K掺杂量(原子比)为0.060时,晶粒尺寸最大,结晶性能最优,紫外发光峰强度相对较大.利用紫外-可见分光光度计对薄膜的光学透过率进行研究,结果表明不同K掺杂量的K-N共掺ZnO薄膜其光透过率没有明显变化,均维持在80%左右.     

氧化锌薄膜的制备及掺Co2+对结构和性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶方法在Si(111)衬底上制备了ZnO:Co氧化锌薄膜,利用X射线衍射(XRD)仪和振动样品磁强计(VSM)分别测试了样品的结构和磁性.实验表明,采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备的掺Co2+氧化锌薄膜具有(002)峰的择优取向,同时ZnO:Co薄膜在室温情况下呈现出铁磁性.     

沉积温度对氧化锌薄膜结构和光学性能的影响

采用射频磁控溅射方法在玻璃基板上制备了氧化锌(ZnO)薄膜样品,利用X射线衍射(XRD)表征和紫外-可见光透射光谱对其进行了表征,研究了沉积温度对ZnO薄膜结构和光学性能的影响.结果表明:所有ZnO样品都是c轴高度择优取向的多晶薄膜;沉积温度对ZnO样品晶体质量和光学性能都具有明显的影响;随着沉积温度的升高,ZnO薄膜(002)衍射峰的半高宽单调减小,而(002)晶面取向度、平均晶粒尺寸和可见光波段平均透过率则单调增大.当沉积温度为500°C时,ZnO薄膜样品具有最高的(002)晶面取向度(0.987)、最大的平均晶粒尺寸(22.1 nm)和最好的可见光波段平均透过率(82.3%).     

Mg掺杂ZnO薄膜的晶体结构分析

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺在Si(111)衬底上制备了MgxZn1-xO薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪对薄膜的晶体结构进行了分析讨论.结果表明,当掺杂量Mg2+浓度增大时,衍射峰向大角度方向移动;但MgxZn1-xO薄膜仍然是具有(002)择优取向的六方纤锌矿结构.     

K掺杂量对K-N共掺ZnO薄膜光学性能的影响

利用超声喷雾热解法在石英玻璃衬底上制备不同K掺杂量的K-N共掺ZnO薄膜.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、光致发光谱(PL谱)和紫外-可见分光光度计对K-N共掺ZnO薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌及光学性能进行表征.结果表明:K-N共掺ZnO薄膜为六方纤锌矿结构并沿(002)方向择优生长;随着K掺杂量的增加,薄膜紫外发射峰的强度先升高后降低,并且吸收边出现轻微蓝移,禁带宽度增大;K-N共掺ZnO薄膜的透过率随K的掺杂量的增加先升高后降低,在65%～70%之间浮动.当K掺杂原子比为0.025时,所制备的薄膜具有高度的c轴择优取向,其薄膜表面均匀、光滑平整,具有较好的结晶度和光学性能.     

Cu掺杂对ZnO纳米薄膜的结构及其光学特性的影响

采用磁控溅射法(RF)在玻璃基底上制备了未掺杂和不同Cu掺杂浓度的ZnO薄膜.使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分别对样品的形貌进行了表征,并对ZnO薄膜进行了应力分析.结果显示:所有样品都呈现出(002)衍射峰,有较好的c轴择优取向;所有样品出现有3个发光峰,分别对应于400 nm(3.14 eV,紫光),444 nm(2.78 eV,蓝光),484 nm(2.56 eV,蓝光).紫峰的存在与激子的存在有极大关系,而蓝光发射主要是由于电子从导带上向锌空位形成的浅受主能级上的跃迁.随着Cu掺杂量的增加,薄膜的带隙宽度Eg随之减小,样品光学带隙值由3.26 eV逐渐减小为2.99 eV.实验中还发现,随着Cu掺杂量增加,薄膜的透射率也随之减小.     

Al掺杂对ZnO薄膜晶体结构的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺在Si(111)衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪对薄膜的晶体结构进行了分析讨论.结果表明,当掺杂量Al3 浓度增大时,晶体产生的张应力使晶格常数变大,衍射峰向小角度方向移动;相反,当Al3 浓度减小时,压应力使衍射峰向大角度方向移动.     

氧化锌薄膜的微观结构及其结晶性能研究

以普通玻璃作为衬底材料,采用射频磁控溅射方法制备了氧化锌(ZnO)透明导电薄膜,通过X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测试,研究了衬底温度对薄膜微观结构及其结晶性能的影响.结果表明:所制备的ZnO薄膜均为(002)晶面择优取向生长的多晶薄膜,其微观结构和结晶性能与衬底温度密切相关.衬底温度对ZnO薄膜的织构系数TC(hkl)、平均晶粒尺寸、位错密度、晶格应变和晶格常数都具有不同程度的影响,当衬底温度为800 K时,ZnO薄膜样品的织构系数TC(002)最高(4.929)、平均晶粒尺寸最大(20.91 nm)、位错密度最小(2.289×10~(15)line·m~(-2))、晶格应变最低(2.781×10~(-3)),具有最高的(002)晶面择优取向生长性和最佳的微观结构性能.     

Co掺杂ZnO薄膜的结构及光磁性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶旋涂法在玻璃衬底上制备了Zn1-xCoxO(x=0,0.01,0.03,0.05,0.08,0.12)薄膜.利用显微镜和X射线衍射(XRD)研究了ZnO:Co薄膜的表面形貌和微结构.结果表明,所有ZnO薄膜样品都存在(002)择优取向,尤其是当掺杂浓度为12%时,薄膜c轴择优取向最为显著.振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量表明Zn1-xCoxO薄膜具有室温铁磁性.室温光致发光测量发现,所有样品的PL谱中都出现了较强的蓝光双峰发射和较弱的绿光发射,分析认为这主要是由于Co元素的掺入改变了薄膜的禁带宽度、锌填隙缺陷和氧位错缺陷浓度,其中长波长的蓝光峰和绿光峰都能够通过掺杂进行控制.基于上面的测量结果,探讨了不同波段光发射的机理与掺杂状态之间的关系.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of