The barrier to recombination between Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium is disrupted in mismatch-repair mutants

The requirement for DNA sequence homology in generalized genetic recombination is greatly relaxed in bacterial mutL, mutS and mutH mutants deficient in mismatch repair. In such mutants, intergeneric recombination occurs efficiently between Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, which are approximately 20% divergent in DNA sequence. This finding has implications for speciation, for regulating recombination between diverged repeated sequences, and for hitherto difficult interspecies hybridizations.     

Heritable formation of pancreatic beta-cell tumours in transgenic mice expressing recombinant insulin/simian virus 40 oncogenes

Following the transfer into fertilized mouse eggs of recombinant genes composed of the upstream region of the rat insulin II gene linked to sequences coding for the large-T antigen of simian virus 40, large-T antigen is detected exclusively in the beta-cells of the endocrine pancreas of transgenic mice. The alpha- and delta-cells normally found in the islets of Langerhans are rare and disordered. Well-vascularized beta-cell tumours arise in mice harbouring and inheriting these hybrid oncogenes.     

Identification of nuclear proteins encoded by viral and cellular myc oncogenes

The myelocytomatosis viruses are a family of replication-defective avian retroviruses that cause a variety of tumours in chickens and transform both fibroblasts and macrophages in culture through the activity of their oncogene v-myc. A closely related gene (c-myc) is found in vertebrate animals and is thought to be the progenitor of v-myc. Changes in the expression and perhaps the structure of c-myc have been implicated in the genesis of avian, murine and human tumours (for a review, see ref. 15). Elucidation of the mechanisms by which v-myc and c-myc might elicit tumorigenesis requires identification of the proteins encoded by these genes. To this end, we have expressed a portion of v-myc in a bacterial host and used the resulting protein to raise antisera that react with myc proteins. We report here that v-myc and c-myc encode closely related proteins with molecular weights (MWs) of approximately 58,000. Integration of retroviral DNA near or within c-myc in avian lymphomas apparently enhances expression of the gene. Here we have used cells from one such tumour to identify the protein encoded by c-myc and find that the coding domain for the gene is probably intact.     

轮轨滚动接触问题的研究现状

随着高速铁路的不断发展,轮轨滚动接触问题愈加突出,因此,倍受国内外学者的关注。轮轨滚动接触问题涉及的范围较广且较为复杂,并在一定程度上引发轮轨的疲劳损伤和波浪形磨损等破坏形式。基于理论分析和试验研究两个方面,着重对轮轨滚动接触的发展历史和研究现状进行了总结和分析,并综述了轮轨滚动接触疲劳和钢轨波浪形磨损的研究现状。从现有的研究成果来看,轮轨滚动接触理论已相对较为完善,而对于高速铁路轮轨滚动接触疲劳损伤的形成机理研究仍未形成系统的理论体系。     

土壤污染的植物修复技术:现状与前景

随着世界人口的快速增长(预计到2013年全球人口将达到70亿)和工业的迅猛发展,土壤这一人类赖以生存的必需资源正承受着越来越大的压力。因受到工业三废和农用化学品以及矿区的污染,有相当数量农田的土壤质量日趋下降。土壤污染的植物修复(即利用绿色植物来去除环境中的污染成分或将其转化为无毒的物质的过程)近年来受到世界各国的瞩目,并取得了很大的进展。本文综述了这一领域的近几年来的研究现状和发展趋势。     

Induction of proliferation or transformation of neuroretina cells by the mil and myc viral oncogenes

The genome of the avian retrovirus MH2 contains, in addition to the v-myc oncogene shared with three other avian retroviruses (MC29, CMII and OK-10), a second cell-derived oncogene, v-mil (refs 1-3). Like the three other viruses, which contain only v-myc, MH2 induces mainly liver and kidney carcinomas in fowl and transforms fibroblasts and macrophages in vitro. However, MH2 and MC29 differ in their biological properties when assayed on cultures of chicken embryo neuroretina (NR) cells. Indeed, NR cells, which normally do not multiply in vitro, are induced to proliferate and become transformed upon infection with MH2, whereas infection with MC29 has no apparent effect on these cells. To analyse the functions of the two oncogenes of MH2, we isolated spontaneous and in vitro-constructed mutants of this virus and investigated their effects on NR cell multiplication and transformation. We report here that expression of v-mil is sufficient to induce NR cell proliferation, although it does not result in cell transformation. In addition, viruses expressing only the v-myc oncogene fail to induce any detectable change in NR cells. However, cooperation of the two oncogenes is required to achieve transformation of NR cells by MH2.     

Abrogation of IL-3 and IL-2 dependence by recombinant murine retroviruses expressing v-myc oncogenes

Several oncogenes are thought to cause transformation by affecting the signal transmission pathway of growth factors. One example is the induction of c-myc, the cellular homologue of the avian transforming oncogene v-myc, by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) among a set of genes associated with competence induction in fibroblasts. Another of the competence genes, r-fos, has been shown to be related to v-fos, the transforming gene of the FBJ sarcoma virus. In addition, PDGF induces c-fos, the cellular homologue of v-fos. The importance of c-myc induction is suggested by the observation that c-myc, under the control of a glucocorticoid regulator, can partially relieve the requirement of fibroblasts for PDGF. We have examined the effects of oncogenes on haematopoietic/lymphoid cell differentiation, immortalization and factor dependence for growth. Here we report the effects of recombinant murine retroviruses capable of expressing the avian v-myc. With interleukin-3 (IL-3)- or interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent cells, the viruses abrogated the requirement for growth factors and suppressed c-myc expression.     

新一代天气雷达运行状态短信监视系统设计与实现

针对目前云南省新一代天气雷达运行状态监控的现状,结合业务的需要,设计并实现了云南省新一代天气雷达运行状态手机短信监视系统.该系统基于.NET平台,采用SQL2000数据库和C#编程语言,实现了雷达故障信息短信报警和运行状态短信查询功能.通过该系统,相关机务员和管理者可以第一时间获得雷达故障信息,实现无人值守式全天候的实时监视,为雷达故障信息和状态信息的管理提供了有效的手段和方法,确保了新一代天气雷达的正常业务运行.     

Primary structure homology between the product of yeast cell division control gene CDC28 and vertebrate oncogenes

In the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, division is controlled in response to nutrient limitation and in preparation for conjugation. Cells deprived of an essential nutrient or responding to mating pheromones cease division and become synchronous in the G1 interval, apparently constrained from completing a critical event. This event has been given the operational designation of 'start'. We have isolated a large number of start mutations which confer on S. cerevisiae cells a conditional inability to complete start (Fig. 1) presumably because they define genes which must be expressed for the start event to be successfully completed. We have described the isolation on plasmids of one of the start genes, CDC28, by genetic complementation and initial characterization of its product. We now describe the DNA sequence of the gene CDC28.     

Metallomics in environmental and health related research: Current status and perspectives

Metals and metalloids play distinct roles in human health,either beneficial or toxic,depending on their concentrations and species.There is an increasing interest in metals uptake,trafficking,function,and exertion in microorganisms to maintain and advance human health.Metallomics,an emerging research area,focuses on elucidation of metals/metalloids location,distribution,speciation,and behavior in living organisms.This paper briefly summarized the recent progress on the methodology development of metallomics including various techniques,i.e.multiple dimensional liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LC-ICPMS),gel electrophoresis-laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(GE-LA-ICPMS),synchrotron X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy(XFS),and the applications of metallomics in environmental and health care.     

自评健康与客观健康的关系

目的 :探讨自评健康与客观健康两种健康状况之间的关系 方法 :对 2 0 2名患者与 2 4 3名健康者两组人群进行对比研究 ,采用自填问卷的形式调查自评健康状况 ,对部分答卷者进行随机访谈 结果 :自评健康状况与客观健康状况呈显著相关 (P <0 0 1) 结论 :自评健康与客观健康状况既有联系 ,又有分别 ,是两个不同的健康概念 自评健康状况是一项有特殊意义的健康指标     

Focus formation in rat fibroblasts exposed to a tumour promoter after transfer of polyoma plt and myc oncogenes

The gene encoding the large-T protein of polyoma virus (plt), the E1A genes of adenoviruses, the viral myc gene (v-myc) or rearranged forms of the cellular c-myc gene confer on rat embryo fibroblast (REF) cells in primary culture a series of new properties ('immortality', reduced serum requirement and sensitivity to transformation by viral and activated cellular oncogenes) but do not induce the appearance of transformed foci. We now report that focus formation can be induced after transfer of these genes into either REF or established FR3T3 rat cells by subsequent exposure to the tumour promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). Frequencies of transformation are in the same range as those usually observed for transformation with complete polyoma DNA or with a mixture of cloned myc and ras oncogenes. These results further characterize the 'immortalized' state induced by plt and myc as one in which the cells maintain a normal growth control in many respects but can be further acted upon to produce a neoplastic progeny.     

沸石分子筛吸附和扩散:研究现状、存在问题和展望

较全面地评述了国内外在沸石分子筛吸附和扩散领域的研究现状;在此基础上,提出了该研究领域共存的若干重要科学问题;最后,以烷烃异构体在silicalite-1及二氧化碳和甲烷在DDR型沸石分子筛中的吸附和扩散为体系,展望了用于解决在该领域内共存的重要科学问题的实验和理论研究方法.发展基础理论和实验技术用于表征沸石分子筛,将极大地促进我国在沸石分子筛方面的深入研究.     

建设企业国有资产流失现状及对策

建设企业国有资产流失，已成为困扰建设企业改革和发展日益严重的问题。文章剖析了建设企业常见的几种国有资产流失现象的根源，并提出了防范资产流失的对策。