竹纤维低甲醛免烫整理技术研究

用双氧水对竹纤维织物进行前处理,低甲醛树脂PS-14对竹纤维织物进行免烫整理．讨论了整理剂用量、焙烘温度、焙烘时间对免烫整理效果的影响;通过测试在不同整理条件下织物的折皱回复角、白度、断裂强力等性能,获得了整理优化条件,即低甲醛树脂PS-14160g／L,柔软剂20g／L渗透剂JFC 1g／L,160℃下焙烘4min．     

超低甲醛树脂整理剂SCD-1的合成及应用

以乙二醛、脲、多聚甲醛为原料,采用一步法工艺合成DMDHEU树脂,再用二甘醇醚化DMDHEU树脂得到树脂整理剂SCD-1.对SCD-1的用量、催化剂用量、焙烘温度和时间进行单因素试验,找出影响免烫整理效果的主要因素.用优化的工艺进行生产试验,整理后的织物平整度可达3.5级或以上,断裂拉伸强力保留率不低于55%,织物残留甲醛量小于75mg/kg.     

棉梭织面料潮态免烫整理工艺研究

采用免烫整理树脂KNITTEX FA CONC在低温条件下对棉梭织面料进行潮交联,通过对织物残留含潮率、催化剂用量、树脂用量、堆置反应时间、工作液pH值的研究,确定了免烫树脂整理棉梭织面料的最优工艺参数:织物残留含潮率7%,催化剂用量130g/L,树脂用量200g/L,堆置反应时间应在16h,pH值控制在2.0左右.相对于干态交联,经该整理工艺处理的棉梭织面料抗皱免烫效果好,甲醛含量符合国家相关法令.     

不同整理因素影响纺织品中甲醛含量测定的研究

分析了纺织品中甲醛含量测定随着不同整理如免烫整理、有荧光整理、拒水整理等因素,对其吸光度的影响规律;另外还对织物中甲醛的含量计算方法做了细致的研究与分析,对改进甲醛检测方法的研究有一定的参考价值和实用意义.     

混合醇醚化DMDHEU工艺研究

采用混合醇醚化DMDHEU树脂合成超低甲醛树脂.探讨了混合醇组成、混合醇用量、邻苯二甲酸酐用量、反应时间、反应温度和pH值对醚化后DMDHEU树脂性能的影响.通过测定和分析树脂中羟甲基含量、游离甲醛含量以及整理后织物的释放甲醛量、折皱回复角、撕破强力等,确定了较佳的混合醇醚化工艺：混合醇由66%二甘醇、17%乙二醇、17%甲醇组成,用量为DMDHEU用量的36%,邻苯二甲酸酐用量为混合醇用量的0.5%,反应温度70～72℃,反应时间4 h,pH值3.1~3.3,醚化后树脂的游离甲醛量低于0.4%,整理后织物上的释放甲醛量为37.6 mg/kg,折皱回复角较原布提高了100°以上,经向撕破强力保留率高于50%,综合性能优于用二甘醇醚化的DMDHEU树脂.     

混合醇醚化DMDHEU工艺研究

采用混合醇醚化DMDHEU树脂合成超低甲醛树脂.探讨了混合醇组成、混合醇用量、邻苯二甲酸酐用量、反应时间、反应温度和pH值对醚化后DMDHEU树脂性能的影响.通过测定和分析树脂中羟甲基含量、游离甲醛含量以及整理后织物的释放甲醛量、折皱回复角、撕破强力等,确定了较佳的混合醇醚化工艺:混合醇由66%二甘醇、17%乙二醇、17%甲醇组成,用量为DMDHEU用量的36%,邻苯二甲酸酐用量为混合醇用量的0.5%,反应温度70～72℃,反应时间4 h,pH值3.1~3.3,醚化后树脂的游离甲醛量低于0.4%,整理后织物上的释放甲醛量为37.6 mg/kg,折皱回复角较原布提高了100°以上,经向撕破强力保留率高于50%,综合性能优于用二甘醇醚化的DMDHEU树脂.     

甲醇醚化DMDHEU工艺研究

通过单因素和正交试验探讨了甲醇用量、醚化时间、醚化温度以及醚化体系pH值对改性DMDHEU树脂性能的影响.通过测定和分析树脂的羟甲基甲醛含量、游离甲醛含量以及整理后织物的游离和水解甲醛量、折皱回复角、撕破强力等,确定了较佳的甲醇醚化工艺：甲醇用量为DMDHEU用量的36%,反应体系pH值为1.7～1.9,反应温度为50～52℃,反应时间为3.5 h,醚化后树脂的游离甲醛量低于0.3%,整理后织物上游离和水解的甲醛量为38.37 mg.kg-1,折皱回复角较原布提高了近100°,经、纬向撕破强力保留率均高于50%.     

DMDHEU树脂改性工艺研究

介绍了用二甘醇改性DMDHEU树脂的工艺,探讨了二甘醇用量、邻苯二甲酸酐用量、反应温度、反应时间和pH值对改性DMDHEU树脂性能的影响.通过对树脂中羟甲基相对量、游离甲醛量、含固量及整理后织物的释放甲醛量、折皱回复角、撕破强力保留值的测定和分析,确定较佳的改性工艺为:二甘醇用量为DMDHEU用量的30%,邻苯二甲酸酐用量为二甘醇用量的1.0%,反应温度70～72℃,时间4 h,pH值3.1～3.3,改性后树脂的游离甲醛量低于0.4%.整理后织物上的释放甲醛量为35.67 mg/kg,经向撕破强力保留率大于66%,水洗尺寸变化率经向为0.7%,纬向为0.9%,达到优等品质量标准.     

如何降低纺织品中甲醛含量

1 纺织品中残留甲醛的原因 印染工业为提高纺织品防缩防皱性能,往往要进行树脂整理,普遍采用的是N-羟甲基作为活性基因的N-羟甲基酰胺类树脂整理剂,以二羟基环乙烯脲与甲醛缩合反应制成二羟甲基二羟基环乙烯脲树脂(简称2D树脂)是目前应用最广的一类交联剂。 经树脂整理后织物上不同程度地含有可测定的游离甲醛,主要来源于以下3方面。     

多元羧酸免烫整理剂的合成与应用

选用马来酸、马来酸酐、衣康酸为单体,以过氧化物为引发剂,通过自由基聚合合成免烫整理剂.采用正交实验法对PMA整理工艺进行研究,测试了织物的白度、折皱回复角和断裂强力保留率,得到的优化工艺条件如下:PMA用量80g/L,SHP用量24g/L,焙烘温度160℃,pH值为4.为了进一步提高折皱回复角,添加CA和纳米TiO2与PMA一起对棉织物进行免烫整理,结果表明,随着CA用量的增加,断裂强力、撕破强力和折皱回复角相应提高,但用量过大后,白度会下降.添加纳米TiO2,可提高整理织物的折皱回复角.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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