基于过度自信的双边道德风险规避问题

将过度自信、解聘补偿和代理人的解聘倾向引入委托代理关系,进行合同的重新设计,通过数理推导,分析过度自信对于努力水平、激励系数、固定报酬和代理成本的影响,建立了基于代理人过度自信的双边道德风险缓解机制,同时可以解决委托人激励代理人为实现企业利益而努力工作的激励效率低下问题.     

非对称信息下考虑双方风险态度的外包合同设计

研究了发包方和接包方不同风险偏好组合下，道德风险和逆向选择并存时的发包方对接包方的外包合同设计问题.结合委托代理理论，为发包方设计合同，从而激励接包方积极参与并甄别其私有信息，进而分析非对称信息和风险偏好对双方策略和收益的影响.结果表明，双重信息非对称下双方的策略和收益取决于双方风险偏好组合和信息非对称程度.结果体现双方风险态度对决策的影响和信息的价值，为外包合同设计提供了有力的决策支持.     

演化雪堆博弈模型中的合作行为

研究了两种变异的雪堆博弈的模型在不同演化机制下竞争者之间的合作行为.发现在这些模型中,在代理人可以"模仿"他人的行为或者决策来做出决定的演化机制下,相互竞争的代理人组成的团体将最终演化到所有成员都不合作的状态.而如果这些代理人能够根据自己的既得利益进行"反省",做出比当前的行为或决策更有利的选择,那么在由这样的代理人组成的团体中总是存在合作行为.     

皖江城市带服务外包接包能力分析——以皖江城市带高校为例

中国的服务外包发展迅速,皖江城市带作为合作发展的先行区、科学发展的试验区、全国重要的现代服务业基地。服务外包是皖江城市带承接与转型的新趋势,而皖江城市带的高校在其中扮演着重要的角色。该文以皖江城市带企业培训外包和高校接包为例,以质性研究方法分析了高校的接包能力。通过访谈,对调查资料的分析,该文提出:高校要把握宏观环境,通过机制建设,加强自身文化与环境建设,提高师资力量,主动对接市场等措施提升服务外包的接包能力。     

基于声誉效应的人才中介机构约束机制

当雇主企业把招聘业务外包给人才中介机构时,两者间由于信息不对称产生道德风险问题.文中把人才中介机构声誉这一要素引入其效用函数,通过建立相应的模型探讨了信息不对称情况下中介机构的报酬契约.研究表明,在某种程度上,声誉效应能很好地解决该道德风险问题.     

不完全契约下的声誉激励机制

标准的契约理论或委托一代理理论假定契约是完全的，然而现实中的契约是不完全的。在不完全契约条件下，声誉机制无疑是一种重要的激励因素。本文通过博弈论分方法分析激励机制的产生，并重点研究声誉激励机制对代理人的作用。     

家校合作:大学生道德风险问题防范和矫正的有效机制

随着高等教育大众化,大学生道德风险问题日益突出,家校合作教育是防范和矫正大学生道德风险问题的有效机制,包括构建家校合作沟通平台、极积开展家长论坛、定期召开家长会和建立家长学校.     

基于激励理论的医疗保险领域道德风险防范研究

从激励理论的角度建立了医疗保险领域道德风险的防范模型.并就完全信息状态下、不完全信息状态下代理人风险中性及不完全信息状态下代理人严格风险厌恶这3种情况,对模型进行了讨论.3种情况下的激励方案都不同程度地生效.在不完全信息状态代理人严格风险厌恶的情况下的代理人,将获得比其他两种情况下更多的期望转移支付.     

政府集中采购的委托-代理分析

根据现实中政府集中采购委托代理关系，利用委托代理理论的道德风险模型，分析了对称信息条件下政府集中采购委托代理关系中最优风险分担条件，即：代理人行为透明、可观测；代理人属于风险规避型，委托人属于风险中性。基于此条件，从机构设立、监管以及人员激励三个方面提出了政府集中采购委托代理机制的政策建议。     

风险投资在信息不对称条件下的委托代理风险防范研究

分析了在信息不对称条件下风险投资者与风险投资家、风险投资家与风险企业家之间双重委托代理关系,以及由此形成的逆向选择与道德风险问题。并从减小信息不对称程度和使委托代理双方利益趋向一致的角度出发,设计一系列风险防范对策。投资者与风险投资家之间的风险防范措施:形成市场声誉约束机制、合理设计风险投资家的报酬机制和行为约束机制;投资者与风险投资家之间的风险防范措施:严格的项目筛选、对风险企业进行尽职调查、分段投资、采取灵活多样的投资方式、对风险企业管理层实行股票期权、加强对风险企业的控制和监管。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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