马尾松松针速溶茶浸提工艺的研究

通过对松针速溶茶浸提工艺的研究,得到以下结果：以o.5％β-环糊精溶液为提取溶剂,辅助超声波提取,通过单因素和正交试验,得出最佳浸提条件：提取时间为60 min,料液比为1 g∶55 ml,提取温度为75℃,提取功率为270 W.     

紫甘蓝色素最佳提取工艺条件的研究

以食用紫甘蓝菜为原料,采用浸提法提取、分光光度法研究紫甘蓝色素．实验结果表明提取紫甘蓝色素的最佳工艺条件是：以蒸馏水为浸提剂,液固比为5：1（mL,g）,酸度条件pH为2,浸提时间2h,浸提温度50℃,紫甘蓝色素的提取率达17．1％．     

微波辅助提取紫甘蓝色素

采用微波辅助提取法研究紫甘蓝色素提取的最佳工艺条件。以新鲜紫甘蓝为原料,采用单因素实验对紫甘蓝色素的微波提取方法进行了研究。在单因素实验基础上采用正交实验,确定紫甘蓝色素提取的最佳工艺条件为：固液比1：25（g／mL）、浸提剂酸性水pH为1、浸提时间2．5min、微波功率420W。     

正交法优化茶籽饼粕中茶皂素的提取工艺

采用正交实验法,从提取时间、温度、乙醇浓度、液料比4个因素出发对从茶籽饼粕中提取茶皂素的工艺进行了研究．以茶皂素得率和含量为指标,得出茶皂素的最佳提取条件为：浸提时间为5h,浸提温度为70℃,乙醇浓度为80％．料液比为9：1．     

辣椒红色素与辣椒碱提取分离工艺的研究

利用溶剂法和硅胶柱层析相结合的方法提取分离辣椒红色素和辣椒碱。通过正交试验确定辣椒红色素提取的工艺条件为：浸提溶剂丙酮,浸提温度30℃,浸提时间72 h,在此条件下产率可达16.8%;辣椒碱的提取工艺条件为：浸提溶剂乙酸乙酯,浸提温度30℃,浸提时间72 h,在此条件下产率可达3.45%;该法用于辣椒红色素和辣椒碱的提取分离,简单实用、易于推广。     

胭脂红酸的提取工艺优化及其稳定性研究

笔者研究了从胭脂虫中提取胭脂红酸的工艺,探讨了浸提液pH、浓度、浸提次数、浸提温度、浸提时间、原料颗粒度、料液比等对胭脂红酸得率的影响。采用均匀设计法对胭脂红酸的提取工艺进行优化,确定了适宜的提取工艺条件为：浸提液质量分数20%、浸提温度80℃、浸提时间12 h、破碎粒度0.4 mm、料液比1∶5。此外,对胭脂红酸的热、光稳定性进行研究的结果表明：胭脂红酸在遮光和室内散射光的情况下是稳定的,在白炽灯下不稳定,在阳光下极不稳定;在90℃以下胭脂红酸溶液是稳定的。     

迎春花多糖提取工艺研究

采用正交试验法研究迎春花多糖的提取工艺,考察了浸提温度、浸提时间、浸提次数、液料比4个因素对迎春花多糖提取率的影响．确立了迎春花多糖最佳提取条件为：液料比40：1,浸提温度为70℃,回流提取3次,提取时间为每次40min．     

匀浆辅助水浴法提取雪莲果低聚糖的工艺研究

研究了匀浆预处理在从雪莲果中提取低聚糖的应用,详细考察了传统水浴浸提中浸提时间、浸提温度、料液比以及匀浆转速和匀浆时间对低聚糖提取率的影响,并对这5个工艺参数进行了优化。结果表明,匀浆辅助水浴法提取雪莲果中低聚糖的最佳工艺条件为：匀浆转速2500 r/min,匀浆时间90 s,提取温度80℃,提取总时间3 h,液料比1∶20.     

正交设计优选密蒙花总黄酮提取工艺研究

目的：研究云南当地密蒙花总黄酮的提取工艺．方法：采用乙醇溶液浸提,在单因素基础上,通过正交试验法,考察乙醇浓度、浸提温度、浸提时间3个因素对密蒙花中总黄酮提取率的影响,并用紫外可见分光光度计对密蒙花中总黄酮进行含量测定,得到最佳的提取工艺．结果：本实验对密蒙花中总黄酮提取最佳方法为A3B3C3,即乙醇浓度为70％,浸提温度为75℃,浸提时间为3h,总黄酮提取率为14．50％．结论：采用乙醇溶液浸提法可以用于云南当地密蒙花总黄酮的提取,其中浸提温度对总黄酮提取率影响最大．     

蛹虫草菌丝体胞内多糖提取方法的研究

文中以提取温度、料液比、提取时间和提取次数为因素,采用正交试验研究热水浸提的最佳提取条件,并以此为基础研究热水浸提、冷热交替浸提、盐酸溶液浸提和氢氧化钠溶液浸提对蛹虫草菌丝体胞内多糖提取率的影响. 结果表明：热水浸提的最佳提取工艺为：m(料): V(液) = 1: 40,提取温度75 ℃,提取时间2.5 h,提取2次,多糖的提取率为14.74%,其中料液比为影响多糖提取率主要的因素,其他因素依次是提取温度、提取时间和提取次数. 按照此工艺,热冷交替浸提(热水浸提2.5 h + 冷水浸提48 h)多糖提取率最高,为15.92%. 55 g.L-1的氢氧化钠溶液浸提多糖的提取率为6.31%;25 gL-1的盐酸溶液浸提多糖的提取率为9.93%. 因此,冷热交替浸提对蛹虫草菌丝体胞内多糖提取率最高,其次是热水浸提、盐酸溶液浸提和氢氧化钠溶液浸提.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has