损伤跨尺度演化导致的混凝土强度尺寸效应

基于直接从混凝土破坏机理出发建立的混凝土材料微裂纹模型,对不同尺寸的混凝土三点弯梁试样进行了多尺度建模,对损伤演化导致的试样破坏进行了数值仿真分析,探讨了混凝土尺寸效应的发生机理.研究结果表明:混凝土材料微裂纹模型能成功模拟混凝土中微裂纹分布式生长、聚合、宏观裂纹形成与扩展、试样破坏的全过程;随着混凝土梁试样尺寸的增大,试样中的微裂纹数目及其分布的随机性也随之增加;这些裂纹在微细观尺度上的无序效应在损伤跨尺度演化过程中被放大,导致混凝土试样的宏观力学行为随之变化,即强度减小,断裂能增大,宏观性能的离散度减小;损伤跨尺度的非线性串级发展是导致混凝土强度尺寸效应的根源;相较于Bazant尺寸效应,模拟结果更符合Carpinteri多重分形尺寸效应律.     

基于颗粒流法研究混凝土的劈裂拉伸破坏特性

基于二维颗粒流程序,构建了包含水泥砂浆、不规则多边形骨料和水泥砂浆与骨料的交界面的二维混凝土细观模型,采用标定后的平节理模型参数,对混凝土破坏的裂纹演化和破坏机理进行研究. 模拟结果表明:宏观破坏的细观机制是水泥砂浆、骨料以及交界面内的裂纹扩展和演化造成的;随机骨料的分布会对混凝土的峰值应力和破坏模式有一定的影响;巴西圆盘试件内的裂纹起始于加载端,随着载荷增加裂纹向中心扩展,混凝土试件呈现出劈裂拉伸破坏的模式;随着加载速度的提高,沿加载方向上的主裂纹及其他次生裂纹相互作用,使混凝土试件出现大量的碎块;裂纹统计结果显示,在细观层次上,拉伸型裂纹主导了混凝土试件的劈裂破坏,少量的剪切型裂纹主要集中在试件加载端的骨料附近.      

耐热钢高温蠕变疲劳内部微裂纹的数值模拟

介绍了一种内部随机均匀分布微裂纹的数值模拟晶界破坏抵抗模型 .利用该模型对耐热合金钢SUS30 4高温蠕变疲劳内部微裂纹的萌生、扩展、合体全过程进行了数值模拟和分析 ,模拟结果与实验结果相吻合     

基于改进随机骨料模型的混凝土细观断裂模拟

为了更好地研究混凝土的力学性能和破坏机理,该文在已有细观力学模型的基础上,发展了高效的骨料投放方法及单元筛分准则.基于连续介质力学的方法,采用弹性损伤本构关系描述混凝土细观各相材料力学行为,建立了随机骨料数值模型及相应的细观单元参数选取方法.以多组不同骨料分布的Petersson三点弯曲梁为例,分析和探讨了混凝土的破坏机理.结果表明,该数值模型能较好地模拟混凝土I型断裂拉伸破坏全过程,与试验结果表现出良好的一致性.     

冲击荷载下钢纤维混凝土的细观数值研究

针对不同钢纤维体积率的钢纤维混凝土(SFRC)建立了包含骨料、砂浆、界面过渡区(ITZ)和钢纤维的细观数值模型,并通过模拟分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)试验分析钢纤维混凝土在不同钢纤维体积率下微裂纹的萌生、扩展直到贯通的全过程.模拟研究发现:钢纤维加入后延迟了混凝土试件的破坏,同时增加了试件的延展性和韧性.     

钢筋混凝土构件拉伸破坏过程的三维模拟研究

采用三维的材料破坏过程分析系统RFPA3D(3D-Realistic Failure Process Analysis)对钢筋混凝土轴心受拉构件的受力、变形与内部裂纹萌生、扩展及最终破坏的断裂全过程进行了数值模拟。充分考虑了混凝土的非均匀性,通过简单直观的本构模型并采用单元材料性质弱化的办法,利用位移加载来实现钢筋混凝土构件的拉伸破坏过程,再现了钢筋混凝土结构中等间距裂缝形成过程,从细观角度模拟分析了混凝土及钢筋的破坏过程及破坏机理。数值试验结果对于深入了解钢筋和混凝土的联合受力规律有参考价值。     

具有初始损伤的混凝土动态轴拉力学性能仿真研究

基于瓦拉文公式与蒙特卡罗方法并采用Matlab语言构建了随机骨料数值模型,在损伤断裂理论基础上通过Python编程语言于砂浆界面、骨料与砂浆界面和骨料界面嵌入黏聚力单元,建立了二级配混凝土黏聚力模型用于描述混凝土中裂纹萌生、扩展、演化和贯通全过程.以建立的细观模型为基础,对不同孔隙率以及不同微裂纹密度混凝土试件进行了不同应变速率下的动态拉伸加载,研究了混凝土动态轴拉力学性能.结果表明：混凝土轴拉峰值应力与孔隙率呈明显非线性关系,下降曲线为对数函数趋势,孔隙率增加后其对混凝土轴拉峰值应力削弱程度降低,具有初始孔隙的混凝土动态抗拉强度随应变速率的增加而提高.具有初始微裂纹混凝土随着微裂纹密度的增加其峰值应力下降,且动态轴拉强度同样具有速率效应.     

基于随机骨料模型的混凝土塑性损伤耦合力学性能研究

为了探讨混凝土塑性损伤耦合力学性能,基于随机骨料模型和塑性损伤耦合模型,研究了骨料质量分数和加载速率对混凝土宏观力学性能的影响。通过几何模型及本构模型确定其参数,再利用数值模拟软件进行分析得出结论。研究结果表明:随着荷载增大,裂纹走向趋于复杂,局部裂纹扩展逐渐形成贯穿裂纹最终导致混凝土失效。骨料的存在改变了砂浆受力性能,骨料质量分数的增加提高了砂浆的强度,同时,高骨料质量分数也改变了混凝土的破坏模式。随着加载速率的减小,混凝土强度降低。     

改进键型近场动力学方法下的多裂纹板破坏分析

在键型近场动力学理论框架下,通过在常规微弹脆性本构模型中引入表征非局部长程作用力强度尺寸效应的核函数修正项,构建了可部分消除泊松比限制的含裂纹双参数微弹脆性近场动力学本构模型。通过对含双裂纹脆性板的单轴拉伸破坏模拟并将所得结果与已有文献结果进行对比,验证了本构模型和算法的可靠性。在此基础上,通过数值模拟不同形态的多裂纹脆性板的裂纹扩展过程以及定量分析不同初始裂纹形态下的临界破坏荷载数值,给出了初始裂纹数量、位置和方向对结构破坏型式、扩展路径和承载能力的影响规律。     

基于涂层显微组织图片的拉伸实验有限元数值模拟

针对热障涂层,利用数字图像处理技术与有限元网格模型生成原理相结合的方法,生成与实际ZrO2陶瓷层显微组织图片一致的介观尺度的有限元网格模型.利用LS-DYNA有限元方法进行ZrO2陶瓷层在不同拉应力作用下的裂纹扩展模拟.数值模拟结果表明:在考虑了ZrO2陶瓷层所包含的孔洞、微裂纹等缺陷的基础上,裂纹从已有缺陷处开始迅速扩展,并最终导致ZrO2陶瓷层断裂失效.数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合良好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the