模糊目标信息系统上的逻辑及决策规则

基于模糊目标信息系统模型，并结合粗糙集相关的逻辑理论，提出了模糊粗糙决策语言FRDL，给出了FRDL中公式的定义、语义、可满足性有效性的形式化描述以及相关的性质。在此语言的基础上，给出了模糊目标信息系统上的决策规则、逆决策规则形式化描述和构造方法。FRDL所描述的逻辑表达方法以及规则推理公式为建立在模糊目标信息系统之上的决策支持系统、推理机提供了形式化的表示和推理方法。最后，在眼科近视诊断上进行的数据实验表明，这种形式化描述和推理方法比较合理。     

并行设计的模糊决策及其决策系统

从层次关系的模糊描述、模糊关系方程和决策原理等方面，对产品并行设计的模糊决策进行研究，介绍了枪械并行设计模糊决策支持系统开发的指导思想、功能和系统动作过程。     

模糊多属性决策方法及其在模糊优选中的应用

从模糊多属性决策基本理论出发，给合方案优选的特点，运用三角模糊数，提出一种多属性模糊优选方法，建立了决策模型．该模型具有较好的通用性和可操作性．     

模糊多属性决策方法及其在投资决策中的应用

根据模糊多属性决策基本原理，结合投资决策的特点，运用三角模糊数，提出一种模糊多属性决策方法，建立了决策模型。该模型具有良好的通用性和可操作性。     

具有外重域的双枝模糊决策模型

首先给出具有外重域的非对称双枝模糊集的结构，提出取这种模糊集为基础的双枝模糊决策模型，详细论述了建模方法，然后给出决策中确定因素权重的二元对比方法，最后分析了模型的特性：双支模糊决策存在定理，决策失效定理，双枝模糊决策挖洞原理和下枝决策的去余定理。具有外重域的双枝模糊决策模型是对工程中经常出现的一类决策模式的理论分析结果。     

英语课堂管理的模糊决策

有效的英语课堂管理是英语教学目标实现和教学任务完成的前提和保证。英语课堂管理的模糊性特征决定了管理决策的模糊，如课堂管理目标、环境、师生相互协商、激励给予等都存在模糊。应用模糊决策理论，设计I3Linker模糊辅助决策支持系统原型，通过五个关键步骤进行模糊排序和模糊寻优，获得英语课堂决策的最佳方案。     

英语课堂管理的模糊决策

有效的英语课堂管理是英语教学目标实现和教学任务完成的前提和保证。英语课堂管理的模糊性特征决定了管理决策的模糊，如课堂管理目标、环境、师生相互协商、激励给予等都存在模糊。应用模糊决策理论，设计I3Linker模糊辅助决策支持系统原型，通过五个关键步骤进行模糊排序和模糊寻优，获得英语课堂决策的最佳方案。     

神经网络应用于模糊综合决策的研究

将神经网络理论应用于模糊综合决策，给出了一种基于三层神经元的多用量化决策方法，研究了三层神经网络的结构，相应的网络学习过程及其应用于模糊综合决策的计算机实现算法和应用实例。     

一种求解MADM问题的模糊算法

提出了种解模糊算法，产针模糊数据转换成数值数据，以运用经典的多属性决策方法来解决模糊多属性决策问题，给出了模糊多属性决策问题的描述，算法的计算步骤和计算公式。本算法可使编程和数据处理更加容易，还给出了一个实际算例，。     

资本结构决策的模糊综合评判模型

分析了传统资本结构决策中以资本成本最低作为最佳资本结构标准的局限性，提出资本结构决策受多因素影响的观点，指出企业盈利能力、企业经营的长期稳定性、所有者和经营者的态度、债权人及信用机构的态度及企业的财务风险等因素是影响资本结构决策的几个主要因素，并应用实例进行了影响因素的分析，在此基础上引入模糊综合评判模型，构建运用模糊综合评判的方法进行企业资本结构优化决策的具体模型，介绍了模型应用的要点。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the