纳米ZrO2的合成及其对稀土元素Yb的吸附行为研究

文中研究了以纳米ZrO2为固相萃取吸附剂,分离富集痕量Yb（III）的简单方法。采用溶胶—凝胶法制备了纳米级ZrO2,用光度法分析了纳米ZrO2对Yb（III）的吸附与洗脱条件,获得了纳米ZrO2吸附Yb（III）的最佳吸附酸度、吸附时间、吸附剂用量以及最佳洗脱剂用量、洗脱时间。结果表明：在pH值为8.5,吸附时间为1h,吸附剂用量为20mg时,纳米ZrO2能定量吸附Yb（III）,且吸附率大于93.0%,吸附效果理想;采用0.006mol/LHCl为洗脱剂,洗脱时间为10min时,可对Yb（III）进行定量洗脱,洗脱率达到100%。     

机械化学法辅助提取废茶渣中茶多酚工艺研究

研究机械化学法辅助提取废茶渣中茶多酚的最佳工艺,分别进行单因素试验和正交试验,从固相试剂配比、研磨时间、洗脱时间、洗脱次数、pH值等多个方面探讨了提取工艺参数。得出的最佳提取条件为固相试剂配比(茶末与固相试剂质量比)1:0.6、研磨时间5min、洗脱时间5min、洗脱次数3次、pH值为4。     

机械化学法辅助提取废茶渣中茶多酚工艺研究

研究机械化学法辅助提取废茶渣中茶多酚的最佳工艺,分别进行单因素试验和正交试验,从固相试剂配比、研磨时间、洗脱时间、洗脱次数、pH值等多个方面探讨了提取工艺参数.得出的最佳提取条件为固相试剂配比（茶末与固相试剂质量比）1：0.6、研磨时间5min、洗脱时间5min、洗脱次数3次、pH值为4.     

聚烯丙基硫脲的合成及其富集分离金和钯

一种新型的固相萃取吸附材料聚烯丙基硫脲被合成并用于水溶液中痕量Au(Ⅲ)和Pd(Ⅳ)的富集分离.分析的过程是基于被分析物以硫脲复合物的形式保留在螯合树脂上.研究了共存离子的干扰、螯合树脂的吸附容量以及pH值、富集时间、洗脱剂体积等参数对吸附的影响.待测离子的吸附回收率大于96%.在最优条件下,新型吸附剂对Au(Ⅲ)和P...     

聚苯乙烯/氧化锆固相萃取填料的制备及江水中硫双二氯酚的测定

制备了二氧化锆微球,并用硅烷偶联剂处理得到乙烯基二氧化锆。通过自由基聚合,苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯与乙烯基二氧化锆颗粒反应,将交联聚苯乙烯包覆在锆基质表面上,制得聚苯乙烯/氧化锆基质固相萃取柱填料,并对其结构和形貌进行了表征。用该填料制备固相萃取小柱,对江水中的硫双二氯酚进行萃取,乙腈为洗脱剂,洗脱液用于液相色谱分析。分别考察了样品的p H值和流速、洗脱剂的体积和流速对萃取回收率的影响,确定了最佳固相萃取条件及最佳色谱分析条件。结果表明,聚苯乙烯/氧化锆复合微球具有均一的分散性,而且自制固相萃取小柱对江水中的硫双二氯酚吸附性能好,与HPLC联用测定结果重现性也好,最低检测限为0.31μg/L。     

磁固相萃取与高效液相色谱法联用测定蜂蜜中的苯酚残留量

建立了一种磁固相萃取和高效液相色谱相结合测定蜂蜜中苯酚含量的新方法.制备了磁性氧化石墨烯复合材料,作为磁固相萃取吸附剂,通过红外光谱对其进行表征,并优化了影响磁固相萃取效率的一些主要因素,包括吸附剂用量、萃取时间和洗脱时间、样品pH值和样品体积、洗脱剂种类和用量等.在最佳条件下,该方法的线性范围为0.05μg·L~(-1)～125μg·L~(-1),线性相关系数(R~2)为0.998 6,检出限为0.02μg·L~(-1)(S/N=3),回收率为87.3%～92.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.1%(c=0.1μg·L~(-1),n=7).结果表明,该方法成功地应用于测定蜂蜜样品中的苯酚含量.     

聚苯乙烯-硫脲/二氧化钛复合材料对水中铅和汞离子吸附的研究

用γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷作为偶联剂,对纳米二氧化钛进行表面改性,以偶氮二异丁睛为引发剂,使苯乙烯和烯丙基硫脲在其表面发生聚合,制成了聚苯乙烯-烯丙基硫脲/二氧化钛复合材料。用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜/X射线能谱对合成材料进行结构及元素组成分析。将聚苯乙烯-硫脲/二氧化钛复合材料作为固相萃取填料,制成固相萃取小柱,富集水中Pb2+和Hg2+,以硝酸和三乙醇胺的混合液作为洗脱剂洗脱目标化合物。采用ICP/MS分析法测定Pb2+和Hg2+的含量。实验结果表明:合成的聚苯乙烯-硫脲/二氧化钛复合材料作为固相萃取填料对Pb2+和Hg2+的吸附容量分别为16.5 mg/g和18.9 mg/g,SPE-ICP/MS测定水中Pb2+和Hg2+的最低检出限分别为0.012μg/L和0.048μg/L。     

新试剂QADHB固相萃取光度法测定微量钴

根据新试剂2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-1,5-苯二酚(QADHB)与钴的显色反应及Waters Porapak Sep-Park固相萃取小柱对显色络合物的固相萃取,建立了一种测定生物样品中痕量钴的新方法,在pH=4.4 HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中,溴化十六烷基三甲基铵(CTMAB)存在下,QADHB与钴反应生成21稳定络合物,该络合物可用Waters Porapak Sep-Park固相萃取小柱富集,乙醇洗脱后用光度法测定,可测定痕量钴.方法用于几种食品样中痕量钴的分析,结果令人满意.     

聚偏氟乙烯/磷酸化纳米二氧化硅螯合金属锆杂化膜

结合原位合成法和相转化法,利用正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和硅烷偶联剂3氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)改性制备聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)/氨基化纳米二氧化硅(NH 2-SiO 2)杂化膜,然后通过磷酸化处理,固定螯合金属锆(Zr),从而提高杂化膜对卵清蛋白的吸附能力,同时改善了杂化膜的亲水性能。当TEOS质量分数为8%时,改性后的磷酸化Zr+PVDF/NH 2-SiO 2杂化膜对卵清蛋白吸附量达到最大,为150.7 mg/g,且其经过4次吸附洗脱重复循环后对卵清蛋白的解吸附率保持在80%以上,显示该杂化膜具有良好的重复吸附和解吸附能力。     

纳米TiO_2薄膜对痕量Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附研究

应用溶胶-凝胶法,以玻璃为基底,制备了表面结构均匀的纳米TiO2薄膜.SEM和XRD分析结果表明,TiO2薄膜由粒径50 nm左右的锐钛矿TiO2颗粒构成.利用纳米TiO2的表面吸附活性,系统研究了纳米TiO2薄膜对于水中痕量Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附活性.探讨了溶液的pH值、吸附时间、Cu(Ⅱ)初始质量浓度对纳米TiO2薄膜吸附率的影响,确定了最佳吸附条件.纳米TiO2薄膜对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附等温线为"L"型,表现出单分子层吸附特征.1.0 mol/L硝酸可将吸附在薄膜表面的Cu(Ⅱ)洗脱.     

Interaction of APT with BSA or HSA

1 Introduction In the past few years, a series of saturated, unsatu- rated fatty hydrocarbon and aryl substituted thiourea compounds have been synthesized and successfully used in analytical chemistry[1―4]. N-n-amyl-N'-(sodium p-aminobenzenesulfonate) thiourea (APT) is one of these newly synthesized reagents. As a kind of drug, thiourea compounds exhibit various biological activi- ties such as antiviral and antifungal[5]. They can be used as insecticides, herbicides and plant-growth regula-…     

Spectroscopic studies on interaction of hemoglobin and serum albumin with nicotine

The interactions of nicotine and Hb/SA were studied in vitro by UV/Vis, fluorescence, 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies. The UV/Vis absorbance of Hb/SA (200 nm)shifted to red and decreased gradually with the addition of nicotine, indicating that the protein conformational change resulted from the chemical interaction. With increasing nicotine concentration, incubation of SA with nicotine caused the quenching of fluorescence typical of protein tryptophan residues, which meant that the vicinity of the tryptophan residues of SA was changed because of nicotine. FT-IR spectra showed that α-helix component of Hb/SA decreased, turn and β-structure components of Hb/SA increased in the presence of nicotine. In the 1H NMR spectra of nicotine, all proton peaks on pyrrolidinyl ring moved to downfield and the resonance emanating from nicotine was preferentially broadened while the concentration of Hb/SA increased. All these results indicate that nicotine and Hb/SA in vitro interact on each other, forming a new complex and inducing the protein conformational change.     

碱性品红与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用及其应用

以三苯甲烷类阳离子染料碱性品红(RL)为荧光探针建立蛋白质的定量分析方法．在近中性范围内,碱性品红与蛋白质有较强的结合,该产物的荧光强度与蛋白质的量呈线性关系．线性响应范围为0～5．0μg／mL,最低检出限可达19．6μg／L,用于实际样品中蛋白质含量的测定,结果满意．研究了RL与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的结合模型,发现结合反应符合Pesavento提出的相分配模型,求得不同温度下RL与BSA相互作用的结合常数,依据热力学常数确定了RL与BSA之间的作用力类型为疏水作用力．     

测定蛋白质的四溴荧光素分光光度法

在pH=2.0的Britton-Robinson(B-R)缓冲液中,牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与四溴荧光素(TBF)形成复合物,在波长540 nm处有最大吸收,比四溴荧光素本身的最大吸收红移25nm。对不同pH值及离子强度对其结合作用的影响进行了探讨,并研究了各种实验条件对反应体系的影响,确定了最佳反应条件,制订出BSA测定标准曲线。在四溴荧光素浓度为1×10-5mol.L-1时,其线性范围为0.05~12 mg.L-1,检出限为23μg.L-1(S/N=3),方法稳定性好,检测灵敏度高。该方法用于实际样品的测定,结果令人满意。     

诺氟沙星与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的拉曼光谱研究

用拉曼光谱技术研究了固态和水溶液中诺氟沙星和牛血清白蛋白的相互作用.通过对诺氟沙星和牛血清白蛋白的拉曼光谱比较,发现其作用产物的拉曼特征峰发生了较明显的变化,解释了可能的作用机理.     

生物杀虫剂甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱研究

采用荧光猝灭光谱、同步荧光光谱研究生物杀虫剂甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐（Emamectin Benzoate,EB）与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）相互作用的方式及机理.结果表明,EB可动态猝灭BSA内源荧光;在温度为290 K、300 K、310 K时它们的结合常数（Kb）分别为1.38×103L.mol-1、3.91×103L.mol-1和6.38×104L.mol-1,结合位点分别为0.97、1.02和1.32;通过计算热力学参数可推断二者主要靠疏水作用力结合.同步荧光光谱研究表明EB对BSA构象未产生影响,其结合位点更接近于色氨酸.     

重庆竹犬血清蛋白质多态性分析

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶的垂直管型盘状电泳,对重庆竹犬血清的前白蛋白(Pa)、白蛋白(Alb)、后白蛋白(Po)的多态性进行了检测,并计算它们的基因型频率和基因频率。结果表明,Alb呈现单一的ALBBB型,Pa未出现条带,Po呈现多态性;并且存在PoA-B、PoAA、PoAA-三种表现型,其基因型频率分别为42.86%、42.86%、14.28%;PoA、PoB、PoA-等位基因频率分别为0.500 0、0.214 3、0.285 7。     

Analysis of biomarkers for the cross-linkage of formaldehyde with bovine serum albumin peptides

Formaldehyde, a well-known environmental toxic hazard, has been found to produce endogenously via semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase-catalyzed oxidative deamination of methylamine. In diabetes, the activity of SSAO has been found to increase with a subsequent increase in endogenous formaldehyde production. It has been postulated that SSAO-induced production of formaldehyde may be involved in the alteration of protein structure, which may subsequently cause protein deposition associated with chronic pathological disorders. Formaldehyde has also been found to react （cross-link） with amino group of the N-terminal amino acid residue and with the side-chains of arginine, cysteine, histidine and lysine residues. Therefore, formaldehyde may be responsible, at least in part, for protein cross-linkage, oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. The cross-linking of formaldehyde with bovine serum albumin was studied using LC-MS and Mascot database. The peptides sequence for control BSA （untreated） digested with trypsin was matched in the online database search query by exporting the MS/MS data to online MASCOT database. In this way, a total of twenty-seven peptides were matched in the database search query. These twenty-seven peptides were then searched manually in all of the tryptic BSA samples treated with different concentrations of FA that were incubated in different time intervals. Six formaldehyde-treated BSA peptides （FKDLGEEHFK, HLVDEPQNLIK, KVPQVSTPTLVEVSR, RPCFSALTPDETYVPK, LVNELTEFAK, DAFLGSFLYEYSR） were found to be the possible markers for formaldehyde-protein/peptides adducts.     

白蛋白聚乳酸缓释微球的制备及体外释放研究

文章研究了复乳法制备聚乳酸-白蛋白复合微球和白蛋白的体外释放。以包封率为指标,通过正交实验优化制备工艺条件;对复合微球的大小、形态、负载率和体外释药进行了研究。结果表明制备的复合微球外观圆整,粒径主要分布在10~40μm,白蛋白的包封率为(85.25±2.5)%,负载率为(14.52±0.42)%。该复合微球在体外缓释白蛋白达27 d以上,主要通过扩散控释机制,缓释曲线符合Higuchi方程。     

Water-soluble chitosan nanoparticles as a novel carrier system for protein delivery

High MW chitosan (CS) solutions have already been proposed as vehicles for protein delivery. The aim of the present work is to investigate the potential utility of water-soluble chitosan (WSC) as vehicles to load and deliver proteins. WSC nanoparticles (WSC NP) with various formations were prepared based on ionic gelation of WSC with pentasodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) anions. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as a model protein drug incorporated into the WSC nanoparticles. Blank and BSA-loaded WSC nanoparticles were examined and determined to have a spherical shape with diameters between 35―190 nm, and zeta potential between 35―42 mV. FTIR confirmed that the tripolyphosphoric groups of TPP linked to the ammonium groups of WSC in the nanoparticles. Some factors affecting delivery properties of BSA have been investigated. Altering the concentration of BSA from 0.05 to 1 mg/mL enhanced the loading capacity of BSA but decreased loading efficiency simultaneously. Also, with the introduction of poly ethylene glycol (PEG), BSA release accelerated. Nanoparticle preparation from WSC with various deacetylation degrees (DDs) from 72.6% to 90% and MWs ranging from 3.5 to 15.8 kDa promoted loading efficiency and decreased the release rate. These results indicate that WSC nanoparticles are promising carriers for protein delivery.