Experimental Viscosity Measurements for Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Suspensions

IntroductionNanotechnology is having increasing importance inspaceflight,microelectronics and micro- electrical-mechanical system (MEMS) [1,2 ] as advancedtechnologies are developed in the 2 1 st century.The heat transfer enhancement by means of thenano- …     

DCCS： A General-Purpose Distributed Cryptographic Computing System

0 Introduction Ageneral-purpose cryptographic computing system plays an important role in cryptography and becomes a hot topic step by step. In 1987, Lenstra[1] developed a distributed factoring system which made use of elec- tronic mail for the distribut…     

Fluidic Control System Employing Micropump and Microvalves for Cell Isolation

IntroductionMany chip- based devices ( e.g.,micropumps[17]and microvalves[815] ) have been developed afternumerous efforts in the past decades.Developments in microfabrication technology havegreatly accelerated the progress towards a micrototal analysis system (μTAS ) in whichmicrofluidics plays a significant role includingreagent mixing,sample isolation,and the controlof fluidic flow rate and direction. The fluidiccontrol system described in this paper uses aminiaturized off- chip micropump…     

CHARACTERISTICS OF AKD EMULSION PREPARED BY CATIONIC STARCH WITH WELL-DEFINED STRUCTURES

INTRODUCTIONS:Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) has been used as a sizing agent for more than 50 years in papermaking process. Sauer [1] synthesised the first AKD in 1947 before Downey [2] developed and patented it in 1953. Since then, many modifications have been made to the AKD emulsion with introduction of starches and polymers to optimise the sizing efficiency, stability of the emulsion and also to reduce the AKD hydrolysis rate [3, 4]. Cationic starches were developed in the 1960s to ov…     

Application of Three-dimensional Body Measurement System

The configuration principles and functions of the non-contact three-dimensional （3D） body measurement system （BMS） developed by the Textile/Clothing Technology Corporation （[TC]^2） are described in this paper. The advantages of this new system, compared with traditional contact body measurement instruments （ Martin instruments ） are discussed by selecting 40 female undergraduates of Donghna University as the scan objects. In the experiments both the Martin instruments and [TC]^2 BMS were used respectively. According to the data of different position （Bust Circumference, Full Waist, Full Hips, Bust Height, Front Waist Height and Back Waist Height） obtained from both of the methods we can get the correlation coefficient which is close to 1, indicating that the results of both methods have comparability. Finally some suggestions for the further applications of the non-contact BMS in the apparel development of China are given.     

Integrated Enterprise Modeling Method Based on Workflow Model and Multiviews

IntroductionThe implementation of a CIM system is a verycomplex process that needs the guidance andsupport of enterprise modeling methodology.Thedevelopment of CIM system theory andmethodology has produced many results in thefield of system modeling,analysis and design,such as CIM Open System Architecture ( CIM-OSA) [1] ,GRAI Integrated Methodology ( GRAI-GIM) [2 ] ,Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture( PERA) [3 ] ,Architecture of Integrated InformationSystem ( ARIS ) [4 …     

Control system design of hybrid fuel cell city bus

This paper introduced the design of the hybrid powertrain of the Fuel Cell City Bus demonstrated in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The configuration of the hybrid fuel cell powertrain was introduced. The safety of hydrogen storage and delivery system, the hydrogen leakage alarm system were developed. The real-time distributed control and diagnosis system based on the Time Trigger Controller Area Network (TTCAN) with 10 ms basic control period was developed. The concept and implementation of processor (or controller) monitor and process (or task) monitor technique based on the TTCAN were applied in this paper. The fault tolerant control algorithm of the fuel cell engine and the battery management system were considered. The demonstration experience verified that the fault tolerant control was very important for the fuel cell city bus.     

Design and RAMS Analysis of a Fault-Tolerant Computer Control System

This paper presents a fault-tolerant computer system. It is designed as a double 2-out-of-2 architecture based on component redundant technique. Also, a quantitative probabilistic model is presented for evaluating the reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) of this architecture. Hierarchical modeling method and Markov modeling method are used in RAMS analysis to evaluate the system characteristics. The double 2-out-of-2 system is compared with the other two systems, all voting triple modular redundancy (AVTMR) system and dual-duplex system. According to the result, the double 2-out-of-2 system has the highest dependability. Especially, the system can satisfy the safety integrity level (SIL) 4, which means the system's probability of catastrophic failure less than or equal to 10-8 per hour, therefore, it can be applied to life critical systems such as high-speed railway systems.     

Conductivity Studies of the Plasticized-Poly(methylmethacrylate) Polymer Electrolytes

1 Results In this work,five systems of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based polymer electrolytes films have been prepared by the solution casting technique.The five systems are the (PMMA-EC) system,the (PMMA PC) system,the (PMMA LiCF3SO3) system,the ([PMMA EC] LiCF3SO3) system and the ([PMMA PC] LiCF3SO3) system.The conductivity for each system is characterized using impedance spectroscopy.The conductivity of the pure PMMA,the (PMMA EC) system and the (PMMA PC) system at room temperature is 2.37×10-9,3.63×10-8 and 4.18×10-8 S·cm-1 respectively.On addition of the salt in the (PMMA LiCF3SO3) system,the conductivity is increased by two orders of magnitude.The conductivity is further increased for the plasticized-salted systems.The room temperature conductivity for the highest conducting film in the ([PMMA EC] LiCF3SO3) and ([PMMA PC] LiCF3SO3) systems is 3.54×10-5 and 2.06×10-5 S·cm-1,respectively.     

Optimum Combined Lenses for Confocal Biochip Scanning System

IntroductionLaboratory-on-a-chip technology[1 5] has gainedinterest in recent years,and consists of threeclassic steps:sample preparation,biochemicalreaction,and detection analysis.Many researchgroups have used small biochips to studypolymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification[1 ] ,DNA sequencing[2 ] ,ligase chain reaction(LCR) [3] ,dielectrophoresis of cell separation,andcapillary electrophoresis[4 ,5] .Some importantbiochip detection systems[6 8] have been developed,such as the dual-la…     

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A 3-DIMENSIONAL COMPUTER AIDED GARMENT DESIGN SYSTEM

A 3-Dimensional computer aided garment design (CAGD) system has been developed andimplemented on a high-performance workstation. We studied various approaches to the func-tional modelling of garment designs for the system. According to the characteristic data of a hu-man body, the models of human body and the garment are displayed on the screen, then we canmodify the garment with various styles and different sizes. The system can transform the 3-Dgarment to the 2-D pieces. The system has improved design efficiency. Various potential alterna-tives and improvement of the system have also been studied and explored.     

Wear Debris Analysis： Fundamental Principle of Wear-Graphy

A new wear-graphy technology was developed, which can simultaneously identify the shape and composition of wear debris, for both metals and non-metals. The fundamental principles of the wear-graphy system and its wear-gram system are discussed here. A method was developed to distribute wear debris on a slide uniformly to reduce overlapping of wear debris while smearing. The composition identification analyzes the wear debris using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) energy spectrum, infrared-thermal imaging and X-ray imaging technology. A wear debris analysis system based on database techniques is demonstrated, and a visible digitized wear-gram is acquired based on the information of wear debris with image collection and processing of the wear debris. The method gives the morphological characteristics of the wear debris, material composition identification of the wear debris, intelligent recognition of the wear debris,and storage and management of wear debris information.     

Ring Model for Pneumatic Tires

IntroductionThe dynamic properties of tires affect not only thevehicle performance,such as handling,and noisevibration and harshness (NVH) ,but also theendurance and fatigue performance of the tireitself[14 ] . The dynamic response of tires has beenof interest since the early1 96 0 s.With the adventand increasing use of simulation software forvehicle system dynamics,modeling of tiredynamics has attracted much more attentionrecently[5,6 ] .　 One simple model which represents all theessential…     

General N-th Degree Stochastic Dominance

IntroductionWhitmore and Findlay[1] summarized thetheories of stochastic dominance and theirapplications.The use of stochastic dominance hasrecently developed into a significant part ofeconomic theory[2 ,3 ] .Stochastic dominance theoryis now a basic tool in the field offinance.Markowitz[4 ] and Tobin[5,6] presented meanand variance approaches in the field of financialanalysis.If the utility function is an N- th degreepolynomial,then the first N moments have to beconsidered.If two distribut…     

Linearly Coupled Synchronization of the New Chaotic Systems

0IntroductionCahdaeoss[ 1h]a.sI bne e1n9 6i3nt ,en Lsiovreelnyz sftouudniedd t ihne t fhires tla scta ntohnrieceal d eact--tractor[2 ,3].In 1999 , Chen,et alfound another si milar buttopologically not equivalent chaotic attractor[4 ,5]. In 2002 ,Lu,et alfound a chaotic system[6],bearing the name of theLu system.In the second year , Chen and Lu introduced thenotion of generalized Lorenz canonical form(GLCF) , whichcontains the Lorenz system(τ∈(0,∞))and Chen system(τ∈(-1,0))as two ext…     

Enatioselective[2 2 2] Cycloaddition as A Synthetic Tool

1 Results Transition metal-catalyzed [2 2 2] cycloaddition is one of the most efficient protocols for the construction of six-membered ring system.Our group has comprehensively studied various types of highly enantioselective [2 2 2] cycloaddition for the synthesis of chiral cycloadducts; we already reported an iridium-catalyzed intermolecular [2 2 2] cycloaddition between α,ω-diynes,having various tethers and substituents on the alkyne termini,and monoalkynes,possessing oxygen or/and nitrogen functionalities at the propargylic position(s)[1].See scheme 1.     

Temperature Control System for Biochemical Reactions in Microchip-Based Devices

IntroductionIn recent years,the development of miniaturizedsystems for chemical and biochemical reactions hasrapidly progressed[1] .Most of the microdevices forconducting these reactions are made of silicon orglass using conventional microfabrication methodsused in the microelectronic industry or bymodifying the processing technologies for microelectromechanical systems ( MEMS) . Severalresearch groups have developed polymerase chainreactions ( PCR) chips with various features toperform sim…     

Distributed Signal Condition System for EAST Tokamak

In order to achieve both the signal condition remote control and the work statute self-check through Ethernet,a distributed signal condition (DSC) system has been developed for control and data acquisition (CODAC) in the EAST tokamak nuclear fusion experiment.Based on differential amplifiers,analog multiplexers and the embedded Ethernet communication technology,a DSC system is designed and produced.This paper summarizes the DSC system design,and presents a kind of calibration method for it.This DSC system has been integrated into the EAST CODAC system,and used successfully in the 2008 EAST experiments.The user-friendly,high performance,and cost-effective DSC system greatly improves the work efficiency and reduces the fault rates of the CODAC system.     

Development of Standard Examination System of Special Course for Remote Education

Standard examination is an effective approach to promote the teaching quality of modern education. On terms of the analysis of main target, function and constitution of special course examination system for remote education, the internet scheme of the examination system is given according to the students and teachers' requirements. The implementation method for the communication and dynamic production of tests on home page of the exam system are elaborated by using programming technology of Active Server Pages (ASP) 3.0. The query of exam information and automatic marking of test questions can be easily realized by the developed exam system under World Wide Web environment according to users' requirements.     

Thermodynamic analysis of the compositional control of inclusions in cutting-wire steel

Data from a thermodynamic database and the calculation software FactSage were used to investigate the phase diagrams of the MnO-CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ system in cutting-wire steel and the effects of oxide components on the low-melting-point (LMP) zone in the corresponding phase diagrams. Furthermore, the activities of oxide components in the quaternary system at an Al₂O₃ content of 25wt% were calculated. The contents of dissolved [Al] and [O] in liquid steel in equilibrium with LMP inclusions in the MnO-CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ system were optimized. The results show that the MnO-CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ system possesses the largest LMP zone (below 1400°C) at an Al₂O₃ content of 25wt% and that the CaO content should be simultaneously controlled in the range of 40wt% to 45wt%. The activities of the oxide components CaO, MnO, and SiO₂ should be restricted in the ranges of 0 to 0.05, 0.01 to 0.6, and 0.001 to 0.8, respectively. To obtain LMP inclusions, the [Al] and [O] contents in cutting-wire steel must be controlled within the ranges of 0.5×10-6 to 1.0×10-5 and 3.0×10-6 to 5.0×10-5, respectively.