E/P杆"加热锻头"机床床体结构的强度、刚度设计与有限元计算

对E／P杆“加热锻头”机床床体结构的强度、刚度进行了设计,并采用有限元方法计算了结构的应力和 位移。着重研究了前后油缸加载点的相对位移。计算表明,根据加工精度要求改进了机床的结构形式,前后 油缸加载点的相对位移明显降低;且前后油缸加载点的相对位移与载荷值呈线性变化的规律。     

功能梯度材料板的模量测定方法的初步探讨

介绍一种功能梯度材料板的弹性模量E和剪切模量G的测定方法。假设弹性模量E和泊松比ν为板长度方向的函数,借助有限元方法,将板用三角形单元离散化。在保证离散化后的三角形单元满足平衡方程的条件下,确定三个节点处弹性模量E和剪切模量G之间的关系。从而,在任意一个三角形单元中,当已知任意两节点处的弹性模量E和剪切模量G的数值后,可求出第三点处的弹性模量E和剪切模量G的数值。如此往复,可得到板在被三角形单元离散化后所有节点处的弹性模量E和剪切模量G。在数字仿真时,事先假设弹性模量E和泊松比ν为板长度方向的指数函数,并用有限元软件计算出板单元节点处的位移。再通过所得位移反过来求出离散分布的弹性模量E和剪切模量G。将计算出来的数值结果与假设的函数值进行比较后发现,计算的误差可是可以控制的。     

地铁隧道土体参数敏感性分析与正交反演

以郑州地铁工程为依托,现场监测数据为依据,采用敏感分析和数值模拟相结合的研究方法进行地铁盾构隧道土体力学参数的反演分析.利用MATLAB神经网络工具箱计算平台,计算分析土体变形量与其对应的力学参数之间的非线性关系,构建BP神经网络的训练结构;以地表竖向监测位移为输入样本值,对土体力学参数进行位移反分析.研究结果表明:影响地表变形的主要土体力学参数敏感度依次为内摩擦角(φ)、弹性模量(E)、内聚力(C)、泊松比(μ).应用FLAC3D软件模拟分析地铁区间隧道盾构施工过程的力学特征,并将其成果作为反演分析的样本数集;杂填土层弹性模量E1为7.60 MPa,内摩擦角φ1为22.5°;粉土层弹性模量E2为19.68 MPa,内摩擦角φ2为27.7°;粉质黏土层弹性模量E3为12.98 MPa,内摩擦角φ3为19.5°.现场应用证明了该方法的有效合理性.     

钢结构节点计算动态模型检验的新方法

在焊缝连接的钢结构中,由于焊缝材料弹性模量参数的不确定性,建立的有限元计算数学模型与实际结构情况偏离较大,直接影响计算结果．针对此问题提出基于时域下的模型相关性检验方法．在对时域响应序列二值化得到0-1序列的基础上,运用互信息量方法对试验与计算响应序列进行相关性分析,进而检验钢结构节点计算模型的动态特性．分析结果表明,钢结构节点响应互信息量相关性方法能有效地反映计算模型与实际结构的相关程度．运用互信息量分析方法,对实际钢结构节点有限元动态模型中局部不确定参数进行修改,得到了焊缝材料弹性模量参数与实际结构更加符合的计算模型。     

基于非局部理论的参数不确定纳米梁的非线性振动分析

考虑纳米梁的弹性模量、长度、阻尼系数及外激励幅值为不确定参数,以Eringen所建立的非局部理论为基础,建立了区间变量的纳米梁非线性振动方程,采用变分法对具有区间变量的非线性振动方程的主共振响应进行求解,根据区间分析法计算出纳米梁主共振响应幅值的上下限,并且给出了区间变量的纳米梁非线性振动方程的数值求解格式。通过与Monte Carlo方法对比,验证了所提出的求解区间变量的非线性振动方程方法的正确性。研究结果表明:不确定参数对参数纳米梁的主共振响应具有较大的影响,在实际问题分析中,不能忽略参数的不确定性。该方法对于具有不确定参数的纳米梁的研究具有重要的理论价值及工程意义。     

轨道动力分析的有限元法

视扣件为纵、横方向无长度无质量的弹簧单元，建立起了轨道结构动力响应的有限元计算模型．分析了轨道结构纵、横方向在５００Ｈｚ频率范围内的位移响应．通过计算，表明轨道动力分析的有限元法是分析轨道结构动力特性的有效方法．     

基于可信度约束结构分析的区间因子法

构建了物理参数、几何参数和载荷同时具有不确定性的桁架结构有限元分析模型,提出了基于可信度约束的区间因子法的结构分析方法;定义了具有可信度约束的区间运算规则;利用区间因子的数学表述,推导出结构位移响应和单元应力响应的计算表达式.算例给出了区间参数结构的响应可能区间及其可信度的计算结果,表明该方法的可行性和有效性.     

有砟客专路基结构参数的优化研究

为了改善有砟铁路路基结构受力状况和降低维修费用,需要研究列车荷载作用下路基结构参数对路基动力响应的影响.采用正交试验设计分析了铁路路基结构动力响应与道床弹性模量、基床表层弹性模量、基床底层弹性模量、道床厚度、基床表层厚度、基床底层厚度以及地基弹性模量等各结构层参数的敏感性关系,并结合层次分析法和线性评价指标确定了有砟铁...     

滞回恢复力模型中求折点的一种方法

对于在循环往复荷载作用下，结构具有滞回特性的力学与变形关系曲线的简化折线型恢复力模型提出了一种求刚度突变点，即折点的处理方法。推导出应用Wilson-θ法及Newmark-β法求解结构动力反应时折线型恢复力模型中的加载点和卸霸占为这两类折点的计算公式。该公式以结构动力方程为基础，计算折点时刻仅涉及结构的t时刻的动力特性，位移，速度及加速度反应，折点处结构位移值等已知量，计算中避免迭代，能得出较准确的折点出现时刻，且公式形式统一，便于计算机编程。     

X型超高层建筑的三维风荷载及风振响应

以某X型超高层建筑为工程背景,研究了该超高层建筑顺风向、横风向以及扭转风荷载系数沿高度方向的分布规律.以质量和刚度相同、动力特性相近为原则使用简化的自由度缩聚模型代替结构精确有限元模型,计算结果显示结构位移与加速度响应均以一阶模态响应为主,该模型代替精确有限元模型能够满足工程计算需要.对质量中心和刚度中心重合的结构,扭转加速度响应在合加速度响应中占有的比例较小,结构在3个方向上振动的耦合程度不高.提出的合成位移投影方法计算出的沿坐标轴方向的风振系数能够保证X和Y方向最大位移与合成位移最大值的同步性,并考虑了横风向风振的影响略大于顺风向风振系数.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the