Sb掺杂SnO2纳米颗粒的微波辅助溶剂热合成

在密闭反应容器中,通过微波辐照加热SnCl4·5H2O和SbCl3的乙醇溶液制备Sb掺和SnO2(ATO)纳米晶颗粒.研究前驱溶液的浓度变化对ATO纳米晶的晶粒尺寸和形貌的影响,并对ATO纳米晶体和纳米颗粒的形成机制进行了初步探索.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、傅立叶转换红外光谱(FTIR)和氮吸附比表面积测定仪(BET)对试样进行了表征.当前驱溶液浓度由0.05mol/L增加到1.0mol/L,ATO纳米晶(5nm)逐渐团聚并生长成较大的纳米颗粒(50nm).结果表明,通过改变前驱溶液的浓度,可控制ATO纳米晶的晶粒尺寸和形貌.     

SnO2纳米粉体制备条件的优化选择

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备SnO2纳米粉体,研究盐溶液起始反应浓度、反应温度、洗涤方式、焙烧温度等因素对SnO2纳米粉体性能的影响,并运用XRD、SEM、TG-DTA、UV-Vis等方法对SnO2纳米颗粒晶粒尺寸、表面形貌以及光学性能进行表征。结果表明,在盐溶液反应浓度为0.2mol/L、反应温度为70℃的条件下,采用混合洗涤沉淀法制备SnO2前驱体,其湿凝胶表面颗粒分散较为均匀;将SnO2前驱体于500℃温度下焙烧,可制得光学性能较好、平均晶粒尺寸约为30nm的SnO2粉体。     

水热法合成纳米晶SnO2的气敏特性研究

以锡粉和硝酸为主要原料,采用水热法合成了纳米晶SnO2粉体,研究了其厚膜元件对空气中低体积分数H,2S气体(2～100μL/L)的敏感特性.结果表明:170℃水热处理3～13 h获得的SnO2粉体结晶良好,呈四方相金红石结构,其X射线射峰宽化明显,颗粒尺寸为数纳米且分布窄.随着水热处理时间的延长,颗粒尺寸及结晶程度有所提高.170℃水热处理9 h得到的SnO2粉体颗粒尺寸约为4.4 nm.利用该粉体制作的厚膜元件晶粒细小均匀,晶粒尺寸约为10.0 nm.在最佳工作温度150℃下该元件对低浓度H,2S气体具有良好的响应一恢复特性,对50 μL/LH,2S的灵敏度为20.5,敏感体积分数下限低至2 μL/L,而对体积分数高至1 000μL/L的CO及CH4两种气体均不敏感.     

纳米SnO2/TiO2复合光催化材料的制备

利用均匀沉淀法制备纳米SnO2/TiO2复合光催化材料,考察了操作参数如pH值、水解反应温度、反应物浓度、水解反应时间对粒子制备过程的影响.当SnCl4浓度为2.0×10-2mol/l、尿素浓度为1.2 mol/l、起始pH值为0.94、反应温度为85±1 ℃、反应时间为4 h时,经600 ℃煅烧2 h获得的SnO2/TiO2颗粒的粒径为25～35 nm、单分散性较好,由锐钛矿相TiO2和四方晶系SnO2组成;该颗粒作为光催化剂处理活性艳红X-3B溶液,其活性高于纯纳米TiO2颗粒和SnO2颗粒.     

室温固相法制备PTh/SnO_2复合纳米粉及其可见光催化性能研究

选择无水FeCl3作为氧化剂,在纳米SnO2存在下,室温下通过固相研磨的方法使噻吩发生聚合,得到聚噻吩(PTh)敏化纳米SnO2形成的PTh/SnO2复合纳米粉.XRD分析表明,在SnO2存在下,PTh的结晶度有所提高;AFM和TEM分析表明,所得PTh/SnO2复合物具有20×100nm的棒状形貌;DRS中PTh/SnO2的吸收限在610nm处.以罗丹明B作为模型研究了产品的光催化性能,分析了染料的矿化程度.结果表明,经模拟太阳光照射120min后,PTh/SnO2对罗丹明B的降解率达83.5%,COD去除率达88.0%,同时对PTh促进SnO2光催化性能的机理进行了初步探讨.     

锂离子电池SnO2-Si／C负极材料的电化学性能

利用水热法合成了SnO2-si／c复合材料,利用X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了材料的物相和电极的微结构,结果表明,合成的复合材料中SnO2颗粒平均尺寸为5．3nm,碳的加入抑制了活性中心Si和SnO2在循环过程中较大的结构变化,且SnO2和Si颗粒均匀地分散在碳的网络结构中,增加了复合材料的电接触...     

ZnO/SnO_2核壳结构染料敏化太阳能电池性能研究

文章采用水热/溶剂热法分别合成一维ZnO纳米线阵列及均匀SnO2纳米颗粒,再通过旋涂法合成了ZnO纳米线/SnO2纳米颗粒核壳复合纳米结构。在染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)中,与单一结构的ZnO纳米阵列或SnO2纳米颗粒光阳极相比,所合成的新型复合纳米结构的光阳极能有效地提高光电性能,短路电流、开路电压及转化效率分别为2.93mA/cm2、0.64V、0.74%。入射光光电转换效率(IPCE)、强度调制光电流谱(IMPS)及强度调制光电压谱(IMVS)的测试结果表明:SnO2纳米颗粒包裹层能增加比表面积,有利于染料的吸附;能有效地抑制ZnO与电解液界面的电子复合,提高了电子寿命。     

纳米Pd-Cu/SnO_2复合催化还原硝酸盐氮

采用热分解法制备纳米SnO2,并运用浸渍法制备Pd-Cu负载在SnO2上的双金属纳米负载型催化剂.对纳米SnO2进行X射线衍射、透射电镜、比表面积分析;以甲酸为还原剂,在常压下考察了纳米Pd-Cu/SnO2催化还原硝酸盐氮的活性和选择性.结果表明:制备的纳米SnO2的晶粒粒径为8.9~10.4nm或9.3~10.7nm,颗粒粒径在10.0nm左右,BET比表面积最大为144.9892 m2/g;催化还原硝酸盐氮的Pd-Cu配比为6∶1,甲酸的投加量为16.0mmol/L时,硝酸盐氮的去除率为100.00%,催化活性达到0.119mmol/(min.g),总氮的去除率为76.23%,反应的最佳pH值为4.0.     

纳米SnO2锂二次电池负极材料的性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成前驱物Sn（OH）4胶体,在不同温度下加热分解,得到一系列纳米SnO2试样.通过恒流充放电和循环伏安（CV）实验,表征了不同结构和颗粒度的纳米SnO2锂二次电池负极材料的电化学性能.结果表明,纳米SnO2试样的电化学性能对热处理温度很敏感,800℃热分解试样的电化学性能较好.     

高分子修饰方法制备纳米SnO2

采用高分子修饰法制备出粒径较小的纳米snO2.研究了不同的反应介质和不同的Sn4+/PVP的配比对纳米SnO2颗粒的尺寸及紫外吸收性能的影响.结果表明,高分子修饰法制备的纳米SnO2极其稳定,且粒径较小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with