真核翻译延伸因子eEF1A功能研究进展

总结了近年来对于真核翻译延伸因子eEF1A生物学功能和作用机制研究的一些新进展,具体包括：eEF1A参与介导受损或错误折叠的蛋白质的降解;对微丝、微管骨架系统的组织与调控;参与调控细胞凋亡;参与细胞核输出氨酰一tRNA;与病毒基因组和RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶类（RNA-dependent RNA polymerase,RdRP）互作,参与病毒繁殖．阐述了对eEF1A进行研究的意义和价值,并提供了新的见解和展望．     

拟南芥翻译延伸因子EF1A的亚细胞定位研究

探讨了拟南芥的翻译延伸因子EF1A的亚细胞定位.以Col野生型拟南芥的cDNA为模板,通过高保真KOD扩增酶获得2 363bp的拟南芥转录延伸因子EF1A基因片段,将其与GFP融合后共同连入p1300表达载体,利用农杆菌侵染法将p35S∶GFP和p35S∶EF1A∶∶GFP转入野生型拟南芥中,观察转基因植物细胞中GFP的表达情况.结果显示:p35S∶GFP转基因植物中,细胞核中GFP荧光强度显著高于细胞质中荧光强度,但是在p35S∶EF1A∶∶GFP转基因植物中,细胞核中荧光强度与细胞质中荧光强度无显著差异,说明在进行蛋白翻译时细胞质中的EF1A含量显著高于细胞核中,这也为翻译延伸因子EF1A的亚细胞定位提供了实验依据.     

非小细胞肺癌细胞A549对紫杉醇耐药机理研究

目的利用非小细胞肺癌细胞对紫杉醇的耐药株A549/taxol,研究其对紫杉醇耐药性的分子机理.方法通过长时间低浓度的紫杉醇处理A549细胞的方法获得其耐药细胞株A549/taxol,提取细胞总RNA并逆转录为cDNA,实时荧光定量PCR观察其凋亡基因的表达情况,并通过不同siRNA处理细胞进行基因沉默,研究其在不同遗传背景下对紫杉醇的耐受情况.结果发现非小细胞肺癌细胞对紫杉醇的耐药株A549/taxol的基因表达紊乱,表现为ING5的高表达抑制了凋亡基因Bcl-2的表达水平,而Bcl-2是紫杉醇诱导细胞凋亡所必需的.结论以上结果初探了A549对紫杉醇耐药性的机制,为探寻紫杉醇化疗新策略提供了新的思路.     

嗜根考克氏菌翻译延伸因子P基因的克隆、表达及其条件优化

为获得大量可溶性重组蛋白EF-P用以构建以EF-P蛋白为靶标的新型、高效抗细菌抗生素筛选模型,研究嗜根考克氏菌DC2201 efp基因的体外克隆、表达及表达条件的优化.首先对efp基因进行生物信息学分析,随后经PCR特异性扩增获得efp基因并将其插入表达质粒pET-29a(+)中,重组质粒(pET-29a(+)-efp)转化至表达宿主菌株E.coli BL21(DE3)进行诱导表达,通过优化诱导表达条件(起始菌体浓度、温度、IPTG终浓度、时间)获得大量可溶性目的蛋白,最后对表达产物进行镍离子亲和层析柱纯化及SDS-PAGE、MALDI-TOF-TOF鉴定.结果获得相对分子质量大小约为25 kDa的蛋白条带,与预测的目的重组蛋白相对分子量大小相符.选择O_(D600 nm)     

乳苣水提取物诱导肺癌细胞H1299和A549的凋亡

为探讨乳苣水提取物对体外培养的肺癌细胞H1299和A549的影响,用不同浓度的乳苣水提取物分别作用于H1299和A549细胞,从细胞形态(显微镜观察)、细胞增殖活力(cck8法)、细胞凋亡(AnexinⅤ-FITC/PI染色)、线粒体膜电位(JC-1染色)几个方面检测乳苣水提取物对H1299和A549细胞的影响.当处理浓度达到1.2 mg/mL,作用细胞48 h后,细胞出现明显皱缩的凋亡形态学特征,与对照组相比处理组细胞增殖活力显著下降(P0.05).进一步用流式细胞仪检测发现浓度达到1.2 mg/mL的处理组细胞凋亡率显著提高,同时检测到细胞的膜电位都明显下降,呈剂量依赖关系.这些结果表明乳苣可以通过诱导H1299和A549细胞凋亡从而抑制其生长和增殖,是一种潜在的预防和抑制肿瘤生长的药食两用植物.     

敲低EEF1A2增强拉帕替尼对HER2+乳腺癌细胞的药效

探究乳腺癌中翻译延伸因子1α2(EEF1A2)与HER2之间的潜在关系。通过TCGA(TheCancerGenomeAtlas)分析EEF1A2mRNA在乳腺癌中的表达情况;利用MTT（噻唑蓝）、克隆形成和Transwell实验方法检测了HER2+乳腺癌细胞SKBR3和MDA-MB-453在EEF1A2蛋白表达敲低及拉帕替尼处理后的增殖、迁移和凋亡情况。结果表明EEF1A2 mRNA在HER2+乳腺癌组织中高表达,并降低了HER2+乳腺癌患者的总生存率;同时,SKBR3和MDA-MB-453细胞中EEF1A2敲低会增强拉帕替尼对细胞体外增殖、迁移和侵袭的抑制,以及对凋亡的促进。Western blot实验结果表明,下调EEF1A2会增强拉帕替尼对HER2+乳腺癌细胞中HER2/AKT通路的抑制。EEF1A2蛋白可成为改善拉帕替尼治疗HER2+乳腺癌效果的潜在靶标。     

山奈酚对人小细胞肺癌H446细胞凋亡的影响

研究山奈酚诱导人小细胞肺癌H446细胞凋亡的作用及可能的作用机制.采用MTT法检测山奈酚对小细胞肺癌H446细胞增殖的抑制作用;采用DAPI染色检测经山奈酚处理后细胞凋亡的形态变化;采用RT-PCR和Western-blot技术检测山奈酚处理前后H446细胞p53,bax,bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白的表达.结果显示,不同浓度的山奈酚能抑制人小细胞肺癌H446细胞生长,且随浓度增加抑制作用增强;H446细胞在山奈酚诱导下出现典型的凋亡形态;20μmol/L以上浓度的山奈酚处理后,p53,bax mRNA和相应蛋白表达均升高,而bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白表达降低.研究表明,山奈酚对H446细胞增殖有抑制作用,并能促进其凋亡.p53,bax和bcl-2在山奈酚诱导人小细胞肺癌H446细胞凋亡中起重要作用.     

CdTe量子点对人乳腺癌细胞MCF 7/ADM的化学增敏作用及其机制研究

利用纳米材料CdTe量子点作为增敏剂, 四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞活力的实验表明CdTe量子点增强了阿霉素对于MCF 7/ADM的毒性, 而对非耐药的MCF 7无增敏作用. 然后利用免疫印迹法和免疫荧光染色法检测发现CdTe量子点提高了MCF 7/ADM细胞的自噬水平, 且这种自噬水平的上调与化学增敏效应是相关的, 以上结果提示CdTe量子点通过诱导MCF 7/ADM细胞发生自噬, 增强耐药性细胞对DOX毒性的敏感性.     

人神经营养因子-3在哺乳动物细胞中瞬时表达和稳定表达的初步研究

将人神经营养因子－3全长cDNA克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3,分别COS-7儿CHO细胞中获得了瞬时表达和稳定表达，经大乳鼠脊髓背根神经节测活，瞬时表达和稳定表达产物均能明显促进其神经突起的生长，瞬时表达量约为10^-7g/mL，稳定表达量可达10^-8g/mL。     

甘蓝型油菜基因BnRCH转染人HEK293A和Hela细胞的研究

本研究从植物基因在动物细胞异源表达的角度入手,采用外源基因稳定转染的方法,向人胚胎肾细胞HEK 293A和人宫颈癌细胞Hela导入了BnRCH基因,获得了HEK 293A和Hela细胞的稳定转染子.使用RTPCR、qPCR和Western blot等方法鉴定了获得的稳定转染子,确认了稳定转染子的成功建立.本研究一方面说明BnRCH虽然为植物基因,却仍然能够在动物细胞中正常表达;另一方面也为开展对BnRCH基因在动物细胞中的功能研究和应用开发建立了平台.同时,使用免疫细胞化学法和绿色荧光蛋白质     

CYP1A1基因Ile462Val多态位点在吸烟人群中与肺癌易感性显著相关

利用meta分析的方法探讨吸烟人群中CYP1A1基因多态位点与肺癌易感性的关系.获取1986年至2010年2月pubmed等数据库中有关CYP1A1基因Ile462Val和Msp1位点多态性与肺癌易感性关系的研究结果,统计对应的吸烟者或非吸烟者的研究数据,运用RevMan 4.2软件对各研究原始结果进行统计处理,计算合并OR值及95%可信区间.按照纳入标准,最终入选文献共有29篇病例对照研究,吸烟者中Ile462Val位点与肺癌发生显著相关, 基因型Val/Val+Ile/Val 比 Ile/Ile的合并OR值为1.29（95%CI∶1.03,1.63）,P<0.05,而该位点在非吸烟者中及Msp1位点在两种人群的分析结果均不具统计学意义.上述结果提示,对目前相关研究结果的Meta分析显示,吸烟者中CYP1A1基因Ile462Val位点多态性与肺癌易感性之间存在一定相关性.     

芒果苷对人肺腺癌A549细胞增殖的抑制作用及其机制研究

利用相差显微镜观察细胞形态变化情况;用MTT法测定芒果苷对A549细胞增殖作用的影响以及Western-Blot法检测芒果苷对Caspase-3、Caspase-8、Caspase-9蛋白分子表达水平的影响.结果显示,与对照组相比,芒果苷对人肺腺癌A549细胞的抑制率与浓度和时间均呈正相关性.在有效浓度为3μM,作用最佳时间为48h时,A549细胞的镜下形态和结构发生显著的变化;并且导致Caspase-3、Caspase-8、Caspase-9的活性以及它们的剪切小体数量增加.表明芒果苷对人肺腺癌A549细胞具有抑制增殖的作用,并且通过caspase依赖性途径诱导A549细胞凋亡.     

Genome evolution of novel influenza A （H1N1 ） viruses in humans

The epidemic situation of A H1N1 flu arose in North America in April 2009, which rapidly expanded to three continents of Europe, Asia and Africa, with the risk ranking up to 5. Until May 13th, the flu virus of A H1N1 had spread into 33 countries and regions, with a laboratory confirmed case number of 5728, including 61 deaths. Based on IRV and EpiFluDB database, 425 parts of A H1N1 flu virus sequence were achieved, followed by sequenced comparison and evolution analysis. The results showed that the current predominant A H1N1 flu virus was a kind of triple reassortment A flu virus： （i） HA, NA, MP, NP and NS originated from swine influenza virus; PB2 and PA originated from bird influenza virus; PB1 originated from human influenza virus. （ii） The origin of swine influenza virus could be subdivided as follows： HA, NP and NS originated from classic swine influenza virus of H1N1 subtype; NA and MP originated from bird origin swine influenza virus of H1N1 subtype. （iii） A H1N1 flu virus experienced no significant mutation during the epidemic spread, accompanied with no reassortment of the virus genome. In the paper, the region of the representative strains for sequence analysis （A/California/04/2009 （H1N1） and A/Mexico/4486/2009 （H1N1）） included USA and Mexico and was relatively wide, which suggested that the analysis results were convincing.     

转录因子GATA-1在造血系统中的作用(综述)

转录因子GATA-1为正常红细胞发育和分化成熟所必需。GATA-1的表达严格限制于造血细胞系,主要调控红系的增殖和分化,对巨核系、肥大细胞系及嗜酸性粒细胞系也起一定的作用。GATA-1参与自身启动子的正调节,而且GATA-1和PU.1可以通过交互作用抑制各自的功能;GATA-1与红系Kr櫣ppel样因子(EKLF)、FKLF-2、SCL、生长因子骨形态生成蛋白(BMP-4)及其他GATA转录因子之间存在相互调控作用。GATA-1可在急性非淋巴细胞性白血病等多种类型白血病中表达,它的表达还可影响急性髓性白血病的预后。GATA-1还与遗传性球形红细胞增多症、伴有严重贫血的多发性骨髓瘤的发病机制有关。     

甲型H1N1流感超敏感诊断方法的建立及优化

利用几种助沉剂和核酸纯化方法富集病毒RNA,建立甲型H1N1流感超敏感诊断方法。收集31份甲型H1N1流感确诊病人提取的病毒RNA,稀释至1000分之一倍后分别应用酵母tRNA、糖原、AcrylCarrier助沉剂和磁珠、硅胶颗粒和离心柱的9种组合进行病毒RNA的富集,富集后分别进行RealtimePCR检测。并对检测结果进行统计学分析。利用几种助沉剂和核酸纯化方法的组合时,发现磁珠+AcrylCarrier助沉剂方法是最佳的核酸富集方法,能够大大提高病毒核酸的检出效率。建立了甲型H1N1流感超敏感诊断方法,该方法能够大大提高甲型H1N1流感的检出率。     

Expression and characterization of anion exchanger1 (AE1) 55 kD transmembrane region and glycophorin A

A complete transmembrane coding region of human erythrocyte anion exchanger1 (AE1, band 3) and the full length of glycophorin A (GPA) were amplified by PCR amplification. The genes were subcloned into the baculovirus transfer vectors and expressed in Sf9 cells. Western blot showed a cross reaction between band 3 transmembrane domain and GPA. The yeast two-hybrid experiment confirmed the interaction between the two proteins.     

重组人甲状旁腺激素(1-34)在大肠杆菌中的表达与纯化

将化学合成的rhPTH(1-34)基因用PCR扩增后,克隆至表达载体pET-35b( ),使rhPTH(1—34)融合于纤维素结合结构域(CBDdos)的羧基端,并得到高效表达．融合蛋白经纤维素树脂亲和层析纯化后,经Factor Xa裂解释放出rhPTH(1-34),再通过纤维素树脂亲和层析、C4反向高效液相色谱纯化得到rhPTH(1-34)纯品．每升培养液可获取3mg高纯度的rhPTH(1-34)．经质谱测定,所得样品的分子量为4117．0Da,与rhPTH(1—34)理论分子量一致．     

Influenza A （HIN1） transmission by road traffic between cities and towns

Influenza A (H1N1) was spread widely between cities and towns by road traffic and had a major impact on public health in China in 2009. Understanding regulation of its transmission is of great significance with urbanization ongoing and for mitigation of damage by the epidemic. We analyzed influenza A (H1N1) spatiotemporal transmission and risk factors along roads in Changsha, and combined diffusion velocity and floating population size to construct an epidemic diffusion model to simulate its transmission between cities and towns. The results showed that areas along the highways and road intersections had a higher incidence rate than other areas. Expressways and county roads played an important role in the rapid development stage and the epidemic peak, respectively, and intercity bus stations showed a high risk of disease transmission. The model simulates the intensity and center of disease outbreaks in cities and towns, and provides a more complete simulation of the disease spatiotemporal process than other models.     

Orisin and future distribution of the new A （H 1N1 ） influenza virus emerging in North America in 2009

The origin of the new A （H1N1） influenza virus recently emerging in North America is a hot controversial topic of significance in disease control and risk assessment. Some experts claimed that it was an unusually mongrelized mix of human, avian and swine influenza viruses, while some others concluded that it was totally a simple re-assortment hybrid of two lineages of swine influenza viruses. Here the phylogenetic diversity of the viral PB1, PA and PB2 gene sequences using online web servers, and the results suggest that all the 8 genetic segments of the new virus were possibly from two lineages of swine influenza viruses, and one of the lineage was a mongrelized mix of human, avian and swine influenza viruses emerging in the world approximately 10 years ago. Considering the recent epidemiological trends of the new virus, we believe it will spread more widely in the world and persist long in human populations. It also could spread among swine populations. The future wide spreading of the new virus may coincide the disappearance of a subtype of previous human influenza A virus.