产油霉菌油脂提取方法的研究

以产油霉菌雅致小克银汉霉为例进行了前处理及油脂提取方法的研究,采用了酸热法、反复冻融法以及超声波和酶结合法破碎细胞,甲醇-氯仿提取油脂以及乙醚、石油醚索氏抽提法直接提取油脂。结果表明,超声波和酶结合使用破碎细胞,甲醇-氯仿提取油脂的效果较好;索式抽提法采用石油醚为提取剂效果较好。气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析检测油脂脂肪酸组成为棕榈酸25.10%,油酸25.17%,亚油酸20.99%,硬脂酸4.78%。     

GC-MS法测定芜菁子中油脂组成研究

目的:分析测定芜菁子中油脂的组成。方法:采用索氏提取法提取芜菁子中的油脂,甲酯化后,气相色谱-质谱法分析其油脂中脂肪酸的成分。结果:芜菁子中含有油酸,亚油酸,亚麻酸,硬脂酸,软脂酸,芥酸6种脂肪酸,其含量分别为12.5%、19.6%、8.9%、7.4%、5.8%、18.2%。结论:该法操作简便,灵敏度高,准确可靠,可用于芜菁子油中脂肪酸的组成及含量测定。     

正己烷提取刺梨籽油中脂肪酸成分的GC-MS分析

建立了一种采用正己烷作溶剂将索氏提取的刺梨籽油进行甲酯衍生化处理,通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对刺梨籽油中脂肪酸成分的分离鉴定及组成测定的方法。在实验优化条件下,分离鉴定出6种脂肪酸,主要含棕榈酸(4.40%)、亚油酸(49.35%)、亚麻酸(40.43%)、硬脂酸(2.46%)、油酸(0.22%)、花生酸(0.80%)。结果表明正己烷提取得到的刺梨籽油,具有较高的营养价值。     

低温破壁法与溶剂浸出法制备米糠油研究

比较了用正己烷浸提、无水乙醇浸提及低温破壁压榨3种方法对米糠油提取率的影响,分析了所得米糠油的理化特性,并采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定了米糠油中的主要成分及相对质量分数。研究结果表明,用低温破壁法提取的米糠油中酸值和过氧化值较低;GC-MS分析表明,3种方法提取的米糠油中主要含有十六烷酸(棕榈酸)、十八碳二烯酸(亚油酸)和十八碳烯酸(油酸)3种脂肪酸,其中3种提取法的棕榈酸质量分数依次为24.30%、0.26%、28.50%,亚油酸质量分数依次为39.00%、10.78%、36.00%,油酸质量分数依次为31.40%、87.16%、14.10%,其余成分质量分数依次为5.3%、1.8%、21.4%。     

野生和种植翅果油树中脂肪酸的分布

采用索氏提取法提取了野生和种植翅果油树果仁、果皮、叶子中的脂肪酸。产物经甲酯化后采用GC分析鉴定其组成及相对含量。结果表明,野生和种植翅果油树果仁脂肪酸的粗提率最高,果皮次之,叶子最少。果仁中均含5种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,分别为88.51%和88.73%,其中亚油酸油酸亚麻酸,种植略大于野生。果皮中含棕榈酸、油酸和亚油酸,且为野生大于种植,而叶子中均未检出脂肪酸。     

小白杏杏仁油的酶法提取及脂肪酸组成分析

本文采用中性蛋白酶对新疆小白杏杏仁油脂进行了水解提取,并对提取油脂的脂肪酸组成进行了气相色谱分析。主要探讨了酶解pH值、温度、反应时间以及酶用量4个因素对油脂提取率的影响。研究表明:当中性蛋白酶用量为2000IU/g杏仁,酶解pH 7.5,温度60℃的条件下,酶解2.0h后,杏仁油脂总提取率达88.81%;杏仁油的气相色谱脂肪酸分析表明:小白杏杏仁油主要由不饱和脂肪酸组成,可达油脂总量的91.07%,其中主要为油酸和亚油酸,含量分别为40.92%和49.30%。     

不同提取方法对山桐子果实挥发油成分的影响

用水蒸气蒸馏法、超声辅助浸提法和索氏提取法提取山桐子果实中的挥发油,用GC-MS分离鉴定其成分并测定各成分的相对含量.水蒸气蒸馏法、超声辅助浸提法和索氏提取法分别分离鉴定出64、50和57个组分,共有化合物38种,其中主要成分为亚油酸、棕榈酸、油酸、角鲨烯、椰子醛和γ-维生素E等.3种提取方法所得山桐子果实挥发油成分有共同特征,也存在着差异,相较之下,水蒸气蒸馏法提取的挥发油成分最多,索氏提取法提取挥发油率最高.     

气相色谱法测定和比较5种植物油中的脂肪酸组成

研究了一种气相色谱法测定植物油中脂肪酸组成的方法。实验中选用氢氧化钾-甲醇溶液作为甲酯化试剂对样品进行处理,再用正己烷提取,通过气相色谱仪对脂肪酸组成进行分离和鉴定。总共分离出15种脂肪酸,结果表明:植物油中的脂肪酸以棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸为主;只有胡麻油中油酸和亚油酸相对含量为31.7%,其他四种植物油油酸和亚油酸含量均高于75%;而菜籽油中的油酸相对含量最高,大豆油中的亚油酸相对含量最高;五种植物油中不饱和脂肪酸含量高于饱和脂肪酸含量,其中菜籽油中不饱和脂肪酸相对含量最高。     

冬凌草籽油品质分析及脂肪酸含量的测定

为综合利用冬凌草资源提供科学依据,分析并评价了冬凌草籽油的品质并测定了其脂肪酸的组成和含量.采用索氏法提取冬凌草籽油,滴定法测定冬凌草籽油的碘值、皂化值、酸价,气相色谱法测定了冬凌草籽油的脂肪酸组成和含量.结果表明：冬凌草籽含油率26.45%;碘值=207.53;皂化值=214.18;酸价=2.64.冬凌草籽油由10种脂肪酸组成,主要成分及含量为亚麻酸55.2%、亚油酸26.4%、油酸10.2%、棕榈酸5.1%、硬脂酸2.4%.     

GC-MS测定五味子油中脂肪酸组成

采用索氏提取法提取五味子中油脂,取样10.0 g提取6 h,得油率为7.91%.对五味子油中脂肪酸进行甲酯化处理后用GC-MS联用仪进行脂肪酸组成分析.结果表明,五味子油中含有8种脂肪酸,其中十八碳二烯酸含量最高达93.30%,其次为十八碳烯酸,含量为4.02%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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