由煤系高岭土原位合成NaY分子筛

以煤系高岭土为原料 ,经碱熔活化、补硅 ,在优化的合成条件下 ,可以原位水热合成NaY分子筛。详细考察了晶化温度、晶化时间、加水量、老化时间和合成体系中硅铝比等反应因子对合成产物的结构和热稳定性的影响。得出的最佳反应条件如下 :合成体系中硅铝经为 2 ,晶化温度 370K、晶化时间 10h、老化时间 12h、加水量 4 0～ 6 0mL。其中 ,晶化温度和加水量是影响结晶产物物理结构性能的主要因素。采用XRD、IR、N2 静态容量吸附法、DTA DTG等手段对结晶产物的晶态结构、比表面积及孔分布、热稳定性等进行了表征。结果表明 ,以高岭土为原料可以原位合成出结晶度较高、无杂晶的NaY分子筛。所得分子筛比表面积较高 (42 0m2 /g) ,孔径分布集中 (集中在 0 .6nm) ,热稳定性好。     

由煤系高岭土原位合成NaY分子筛

以煤系高岭土为原料，经碱熔活化、补硅，在优化的合成条件下，可以原位水热合成NaY分子筛。详细考察了晶化温度、晶化时间、加水量、老化时间和合成体系中硅铝比等反应因子对合成产物的结构和热稳定性的影响。得出的最佳反应条件如下：合成体系中硅铝经为2，晶化温度370K、晶化时间10h、老化时间12h、加水量40-60mL。其中，晶化温度和加水量是影响结晶产物物理结构性能的主要因素。采用XRD、IR、N2静态容量吸附法、DTA-DTG等手段对结晶产物的晶态结构、比表面积及孔分布、热稳定性等进行了表征。结果表明，以高岭土为原料可以原位合成出结晶度较高、无杂晶的NaY分子筛。所得分子筛比表面积较高（420m^2/g），孔径分布集中（集中在0.6nm），热稳定性好。     

NaA分子筛膜的制备及其在醇类脱水中的应用

采用水热合成法在莫来石支撑体上制备NaA分子筛膜,并利用渗透汽化技术对甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇和叔丁醇等不同分子尺寸的醇水体系进行脱水性能的研究,同时考察操作温度和原料液中水含量对膜的分离性能的影响.研究表明:在优化条件下制备出致密无缺陷的NaA分子筛膜,所制备的膜对几种醇类体系脱水都具有良好的分离效果,膜的渗透水通量随温度的升高而增加,分离因子略有下降;随着醇类分子尺寸的增大,膜的分离因子和水通量都呈增大趋势.     

合成条件对偏高岭土水热合成Y型分子筛结构的影响

采用苏州高岭土作原料,在不同条件下水热合成Y型分子筛,考察合成条件对形成Y型分子筛结构和性能的影响.结果表明,各种合成条件(高岭土的煅烧温度、导向刺用量、碱用量、陈化条件、成胶温度、晶化温度)对合成分子筛复合材料的结晶度、硅铝比、颗粒度、形貌都有影响,最后提出了制备高活性分子筛复合材料的较佳合成条件:650℃偏高岭土,导向剂用量4%,碱用量3%,成胶温度60℃,陈化2 h,晶化温度90℃.     

高岭土细粉原位晶化合成NaY分子筛

我国的高岭土以其成因类型齐全、储量丰富、质量优良而闻名于世。高岭土广泛应用于石油化工、造纸、功能填料、耐火材料等方面。高岭土可用作载体担载催化剂,也可用作合成沸石分子筛的原料,因此是一种潜在的理想原位晶化载体。用高岭土原位晶化技术得到的沸石分子筛具有较高的水热稳定性,解决在工业生产中的过滤问题,同时降低生产成本。本论文对高岭土微球原位晶化合成沸石分子筛的原理提出了一定的见解,为进一步的研究发展打下了一定的基础。     

用江西A型高岭土合成4A分子筛

选用江西A型高岭土通过水热转化法成功合成了4A分子筛,其钙交换能力大于285mgCaCO_(3)/g(4A)分子筛．达到了用纯化学药品进行水热合成法所制备的同类产品的钙交换能力．讨论了用A型高岭土合成4A分子筛的条件优化,并用x-射线粉末衍射法和红外光谱法对所合成产物的结构进行了表征．     

利用高岭土合成4A沸石分子筛

以高岭土为主要原料,通过焙烧活化-碱化-水热反应技术合成了4A沸石分子筛.利用TG DTA、XRD、SEM等考察了高岭土转化分子筛的相变历程,并通过正交实验探讨了影响分子筛转化率的主要因素.研究表明,高岭土在600℃下焙烧2 h可转化为偏高岭土,再与NaOH、去离子水按摩尔比n(Na2O)/n(SiO2)为2.0、n(H2O)/n(Na2O)为60充分混合,经水浴陈化、晶化后可合成结晶良好、静态水吸附达22.67%的4A沸石分子筛.     

偏高岭土基磷酸硅铝分子筛合成及其催化性能研究

以偏高岭土兼作Al、Si源,H3PO4作磷源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵－三乙醇胺为复合模板剂,采用分段晶化的方法制备磷酸硅铝分子筛。利用X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜、XPS及NH3-TPD等手段对产物进行了表征。实验结果表明：产物为柱状的磷酸硅铝分子筛,其晶粒尺寸大约为20 μm×5 μm×5 μm,其晶体结构中P:Al:Si＝1:1.19:0.67（摩尔比）,硅含量较高;采用分段晶化方式制备的SAPO-5分子筛的总酸量为578.0 μmol/g高于一段晶化方式制备的SAPO-5分子筛的总酸量;采用分段晶化生成的SAPO-5分子筛的催化正丁烷异构化反应初始活性可达到24.8 %,远高于一段晶化制备的SAPO-5分子筛的初始活性14.1 %。     

偏高岭土水热合成Y型分子筛的动力学研究

采用苏州和茂名偏高岭土作原料,在不同温度下水热合成Y型分子筛,测定不同晶化时间产物的相对结晶度,绘出晶化曲线,根据晶化曲线计算苏州和茂名偏高岭土合成Y型分子筛的成核活化能和晶体生长活化能.茂名偏高岭土水热合成的Y型分子筛:Ea成核=29.48 kJ/mol,Ea生长=18.89 kJ/mol;苏州偏高岭土水热合成的Y型分子筛:Ea成核=23.81 kJ/mol,Ea生长=17.38 kJ/mol.讨论了造成这些活化能差异的原因.     

MCM—41分子筛的合成与表征

在Ｎａ２Ｏ－（ＣＴＭＡ）２Ｏ－ＳｉＯ２－Ｈ２Ｏ与（ＴＭＡ）２Ｏ－（ＣＴＭＡ）２Ｏ－ＳｉＯ２－Ｈ２Ｏ体系中分别合成了不同硅铝比及全硅ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛样品，考察了诸因素对晶化过程的影响，同时对其酸性，热稳定性和催化性能进行了表征。     

二次生长法制备NaA型沸石膜及其在渗透汽化中的应用

首先采用负压法在氧化铝载体上引入晶种,再通过二次生长法合成了NaA型沸石膜,考察了各种因素对制膜的影响.结果表明,在90 ℃时反应晶化3 h,能够形成最佳的NaA膜层.对于质量分数为90%的乙醇水溶液,所合成的膜的渗透汽化通量为0.19 kg/(m2*h),分离因子达300以上.在此基础上研究了渗透汽化温度、渗透液浓度对于分离性能的影响,获得了渗透汽化过程的初步规律.     

热浸渍晶种法制备高重复性NaA分子筛膜

利用热浸渍法和打磨法引入晶种合成NaA分子筛膜,将合成的NaA分子筛膜应用于乙醇/水混合体系,研究进料温度、进料侧压力及进料流量等对其分离性能的影响。结果表明,进料温度升高,渗透通量和分离因数呈增大趋势;进料侧压力增大,渗透通量增加,分离因数减小;进料流量增大,渗透通量明显增大,分离因数未发生明显变化。进料温度为75℃、进料侧压力为100kPa、相对真空度接近-0.1MPa、进料流量为16L/h时,所得NaA分子筛膜的渗透通量和分离因数分别为1.08kg.m-2.h-1和3 338,此时用于乙醇/水混合体系分离效果最佳。NaA分子筛膜的重复性高达80%。     

Preparation of zeolite NaA for CO2 capture from nickel laterite residue

Zeolite NaA was successfully prepared from nickel laterite residue for the first time via a fusion-hydrothermal procedure. The structure and morphology of the as-synthesized zeolite NaA were characterized with a range of experimental techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. It was revealed that the structures of the produced zeolites were dependent on the molar ratios of the reactants and hydrothermal reaction conditions, so the synthesis conditions were optimized to obtain pure zeolite NaA. Adsorption of nitrogen and carbon dioxide on the prepared zeolite NaA was also measured and analyzed. The results showed that zeolite NaA could be prepared with reasonable purity, it had physicochemical properties comparable with zeolite NaA made from other methods, and it had excellent gas adsorption properties, thus demonstrating that zeolite NaA could be prepared from nickel laterite residue.     

Fast formation of NaA zeolite membrane in the microwave field

NaA zeolite membrane was successfully synthesized on the porous α-Al₂O₃ support by microwave heating. The synthesis of NaA zeolite membrane in the microwave field only needs 15 min and the synthesis time is 10 times shorter than that by conventional heating. SEM characterization indicates that the zeolite crystals in the NaA zeolite membrane synthesized by microwave heating are uniform in size; the membrane thickness is about 4 μm and is thinner than that of the NaA zeolite membrane synthesized by conventional heating. Gas permeation studies indicate that the permeances of the NaA zeolite membrane synthesized by microwave heating are 3–4 times higher than those of the NaA zeolite membrane synthesized by conventional heating, while their permselectivities are comparable.     

Synthesis of glass ceramics from kaolin and dolomite mixture

Cordierite-and anorthite-based binary glass ceramics of the CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ (CMAS) system were synthesized by mixing local and abundant raw minerals (kaolin and doloma by mass ratio of 82/18). A kinetics study reveals that the activation energy of crystallization (Ea) calculated by the methods of Kissinger and Marotta are 438 kJ·mol-1 and 459 kJ·mol-1, respectively. The Avrami parameter (n) is estimated to be approximately equal to 1, corresponding to the surface crystallization mechanism. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the anorthite and cordierite crystals are precipitated from the parent glass as major phases. Anorthite crystals first form at 850℃, whereas the μ-cordierite phase appears after heat treatment at 950℃. Thereafter, the cordierite allotropically transforms to α-cordierite at 1000℃. Complete densification is achieved at 950℃; however, the density slightly decreases at higher temperatures, reaching a stable value of 2.63 kg·m-3 between 1000℃ and 1100℃. The highest Vickers hardness of 6 GPa is also obtained at 950℃. However, a substantial decrease in hardness is recorded at 1000℃; at higher sintering temperatures, it slightly increases with increasing temperature as the α-cordierite crystallizes.     

偏高岭土转化为A沸石的结晶动力学

研究了不同粒径偏高岭土向Ａ沸石转晶的动力学，该偏高岭土是由结晶良好，不含杂质的硬质高岭土经预处理获得的偏高岭土中，硅铝摩尔比与理论值一致，预处理时焙烧温度，所用的ＨＣｌ溶液浓度及ＮａＯＨ溶液浓度对Ａ沸石的结晶动力学及所获得的Ａ沸石相对结晶度有很大的影响，粒径为２－３μｍ及２５－３０μｍ的偏高岭土转化为Ａ沸石的成活化能分别为１０．８ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ及１６．６ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ。这表明由偏高岭土转化为Ａ沸石较之     

Synthesis of zeolite membranes

Zeolite membranes offer great application potentials in membrane separation and/or reaction due to their excellent separation performance and catalytic ability. Up to present, various synthesis methods of zeolite membranes have been developed, including embedded method, in-situ hydrothermal synthesis method, and secondary growth method etc. Compared with the in-situ hydrothermal synthesis method, the secondary growth method possesses a variety of advantages such as easier operation, higher controllability in crystal orientation, microstructure and film thickness,leading to much better reproducibility. This review provides a concise summary and analysis of various synthesis methods reported in the literature. In particular, the secondary growth method was discussed in detail in terms of crystal orientation, defects and crystal grain layers. Some critical issues were also highlighted, which were conducive to the improvement in the synthesis technology of zeolite membranes.     

B,A1-ZSM-5沸石的制备及其在烷基化反应中的应用

将改性物质硼酸在沸石合成中引入，制得了 Ｂ，ＡＩ—ＺＳＭ—５沸石，简化了改性过程。经 Ｘ射线衍射谱证明：合成的 Ｂ，ＡＩ—ＺＳＭ—５沸石具有典型的 ＺＳＭ—５沸石结构特征。由沸石的晶胞参数和晶胞体积明显减少；以及ＩＲ骨架振动谱图表明硼已进入沸石骨架，并随硼含量的增加，使催化剂的总酸量逐渐下降，增加了 Ｌ酸中心的含量，强 Ｌ酸中心增多。在 Ｂ，ＡＩ—ＺＳＭ—５沸石催化剂上的甲苯－乙醇烷基化反应，使对乙基甲苯的选择性明显地增加，对乙基甲苯含量占总乙基甲苯量的８２％左右。