特征参数对DSMC方法模拟声场中颗粒碰撞的影响

直接从颗粒受力和运动出发,基于直接模拟蒙特卡洛(DSMC)方法建立颗粒碰撞模型,模拟声场中颗粒的碰撞过程,通过改变模拟条件,探讨DSMC方法中的特征参数(取样颗粒的数目权重、网格数目、时间步长)对颗粒碰撞率和计算时间的影响.结果表明:频率越大,颗粒容积份额变化越迅速,颗粒空间分布越不均匀;数目权重的增加对颗粒碰撞率影响较小,而对计算时间的影响显著,使其迅速减少;网格数目增加,碰撞率降低,计算时间则先迅速降低,随后在低频时基本不变,高频时略有上升.研究还发现:随着碰撞时间步长的增加,低频声场中碰撞率单调增加,高频声场中碰撞率先增加而后出现波动;碰撞时间步长的增加将引起计算时间减少,减少量在碰撞步长较小时最为明显.     

基于直接力浸入边界法的线形排列多球颗粒沉降特性研究

本文运用直接力浸入边界法对低雷诺数的单个及线形排列的两个和多个球形颗粒自由沉降的特性和过程进行了数值模拟,首先通过单个球形颗粒自由沉降模型验证了该方法的准确性,同时研究了颗粒刚体假设(RBA)对结果精确性的影响,然后,在不同的颗粒间距分布条件下对竖直排列的不同数量的球形颗粒沉降进行了直接数值模拟。模拟结果表明,相对间距在一定范围内的线形排列双球和多球颗粒都可发生相继的牵引、触碰、翻滚过程;当线形排列球颗粒数量大于3时,颗粒的数量不会影响最下方两球初始的牵引和触碰运动;线形排列多球可改变发生牵引的两球的受力从而加速牵引和触碰的过程。     

具有广义C-凸性的一类分式规划的对偶

基于广义(C,α,ρ,d)K,θ-凸函数,广义(C,α,ρ,d)K,θ-伪凸函数和广义(C,α,ρ,d)K,θ-拟凸函数等,探讨了涉及这些新广义凸性的一类多目标半无限分式规划的Mond-Weir型对偶,得到了相关的弱对偶定理和强对偶定理,并进行了证明。     

剪切流场下液滴碰撞的流变特性

基于VOF液/液相界面追踪方法,建立了不可压缩水/油单乳液液滴动力学模型并进行数值求解,模拟研究了剪切流场条件下2个相同体积的液滴在碰撞过程中的相互作用及变形行为.观察了液滴碰撞过程中液滴的运动轨迹,并对相应的内在机理进行了分析.在剪切流场作用下,两液滴的碰撞过程分为接近、碰撞、分离3个阶段.由于碰撞过程中液滴间的相互挤推作用,液滴分离后,液滴间的侧向质心间距Δy/a增大.此外,分析了液滴碰撞过程中毛细数对液滴间相互作用的影响.两液滴在碰撞靠近过程中,在碰撞区中心处产生一个高压区,随着毛细数Ca从0.2增加到0.4,界面挤压变形越明显,液滴变形系数D也从0.32增加到0.51.     

种子颗粒联合声波凝并微细颗粒的研究

为了研究种子颗粒联合声波凝并微细颗粒的效率,将颗粒群平衡模型与欧拉多相流模型进行耦合,通过用户自定义函数引入声波凝并核函数,采用数值仿真,在颗粒粒径及流速一定的情况下,分别研究了声频、声压级、停留时间和初始粉尘浓度对种子颗粒联合声波凝并效率的影响.仿真结果表明:微细颗粒总凝并效率受声频的影响较大,存在一个最佳凝并声频,且高频声波有利于小颗粒的凝并,低频声波则有利于大颗粒的凝并;声压级越大,微细颗粒振动幅度越大,凝并效率越高;延长停留时间有利于提高微细颗粒间的碰撞机率,促进凝并的发生;初始粉尘浓度的增加能有效地提高微细颗粒的总凝并效率,且最高凝并效率处在初始峰值粒径附近.上述仿真结果与试验结果一致.     

格子玻尔兹曼方法模拟气泡泵提升管内双气泡运动

应用改进的格子玻尔兹曼自由能模型,对大密度比的溴化锂溶液中不同初始位置和不同大小的双气泡运动进行模拟,获得其密度场与速度矢量分布及其运动规律:大小相同、水平距离一定的双气泡在上升过程中出现先靠近再分离的两个阶段,与初始相对高度无关;大小不同的两气泡在上升过程中可能发生融合或分离,这主要取决于小气泡靠近大气泡时所在大气泡尾迹区的位置,若大小气泡融合,则融合后的气泡速度减小.     

Runge-Kutta方法求解多延迟积分微分方程的稳定性

讨论了用Runge.Kutta方法求解带有两个延迟常量的多延迟积分微分方程du/dt=Lu(t)+M1u(t-T1)+M2u(t-T2)+K1∫5t-T1u(θ)dθ+K2∫5t-T2u(θ)dθ的数值稳定性,并给出了其渐进稳定的充分条件.这里的L,M1,M2,K1,K2都是复矩阵.特别当K1,K2=0时,亦可以得到相同的结论,即每一个A稳定的RK方法都可以证明其解的延迟独立稳定性.     

水平和下旋气流对初始气溶胶运动的影响

该文考虑液滴的碰撞和破碎以及水平和下旋气流的影响,采用离散相模型对空中释放的气溶胶云团在开放空间中的气液两相流流场进行仿真,获得气溶胶颗粒群的运动规律,并进行了实验验证。由仿真模拟和实验可知,在水平和下旋气流速度均较小(小于1 m/s)、喷射角度大于30°、初始粒径为100μm、喷射速度约为80 m/s时,释放形成的气溶胶颗粒在短时间内可沉降至地面附近;当水平气流速度增大至3 m/s时,同样条件下释放的气溶胶颗粒更容易在空气中悬浮,不易沉降至地面。在上述两种情况下,喷射角度和下旋气流速度越大,气溶胶颗粒越容易沉降至地面附近。     

双模态颗粒声凝并微观行为的数值模拟

考虑颗粒间多种相互作用机理及颗粒碰撞后的凝并与反弹机制，建立声凝并微观动力学模型，对大粒径外加颗粒及两个邻近的亚微米细颗粒之间的声凝并微观行为进行数值模拟研究。结果表明，双模态颗粒声凝并行为主要表现为外加颗粒仅与一个细颗粒发生凝并，以及外加颗粒先后与两个细颗粒发生凝并，声尾流效应、重力沉降作用是双模态颗粒声凝并的重要机理。随着外加颗粒初始位置与波节间距的增大，外加颗粒与较近细颗粒的平均凝并时间变化很小，两者形成的团聚体与较远细颗粒的平均凝并时间显著缩短；外加颗粒距离波节很近时，其仍能与较近的细颗粒发生凝并。对于外加颗粒与较近细颗粒以及两者形成的团聚体与较远细颗粒的凝并，随着外加颗粒直径的增加，平均凝并时间显著缩短，凝并概率先增加而后趋于恒定。     

材料变形中应力三轴性和Lode参数分布演化的数值观测

应力三轴性T和Lode参数(θ)是影响材料韧性断裂的重要参数,凹纹平板和缺口平板两种试件由于其对于这两个参数有较好的控制能力,被用来观测T和(θ)在材料变形中的演化规律.对不同尺寸的试件进行了有限元数值模拟,结合等效塑性应变(ε)和三轴性T的分布和演化,参考双曲线断裂准则,判断可能发生初始断裂的区域并标示具有代表性的节点.对这些节点的T和(θ)随(ε)的变化曲线进行分析比较,得出结论:T和(θ)在缺口平板试件中比在凹纹平板试件中展现出更平稳的演化特点;凹纹平板中心由于其为平面应变状态,(θ)值为0;随着缺口平板的圆槽半径FNP-R增大,其应力三轴性T将减小,Lode参数(θ)将越小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that