短柄五加中的黄酮类化合物

利用抑菌活性追踪法及各种色谱技术从短柄五加Acanthopanax brachypus的根茎中分离出6个黄酮类化合物,通过理化性质和波谱数据对结构进行鉴定为藿香黄酮醇(1)、汉黄芩素(2)、山奈酚-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、牡荆苷(4)、金丝桃苷(5)、黄芩苷(6)。除化合物5外,其余5个化合物均为首次从该植物中获得。抑菌试验表明,短柄五加乙醇提取物中的乙酸乙酯组分,尤其是化合物1、2、4和5对供试菌种显示较强的抑菌活性。     

短柄小连翘化学成分

 在细胞毒性试验结果指导下,对短柄小连翘(Hypericum petiolulatum Hook.f.et Thoms.ex Dyer)植物全株的有效部位进行化学成分研究.从二氯甲烷及乙酸乙酯提取物中分离纯化得6个化合物,通过波谱数据分析,鉴定了结构,分别是:3α-表白桦树脂酸(3α-epi-betulinicacid,1),Patuloside A(2),Dimethylpaxanthonin(3),Morusignin D(4),槲皮素(Quercetin,5)和槲皮甙(Quercitrin,6).化合物1～6均为首次从该植物中分离得到.同时,细胞毒性试验发现,短柄小连翘的粗提物及其二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯提取物有细胞毒活性,其IC₅₀分别是11.0,8.5,10.0μg/mL.     

苦参中钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制活性成分的研究

对一个含400种中草药和民族药的组分库进行活性筛选,结果显示苦参的甲醇提取物具有良好的抑制钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2（SGLT2）的活性.在生物活性导向的分离纯化策略下,运用中压柱色谱和半制备高效制备液相色谱对苦参甲醇提取物的活性成分进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定所分离化合物的结构,并对所得到的化合物进行抑制SGLT2活性测试.从苦参的甲醇提取物中分离得到7个黄酮苷类化合物,鉴定为芒柄花素-7-O--D-吡喃木糖基-(16)--D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（1）、芒柄花素-7-O--D-呋喃芹糖基-(16)--D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（2）、三叶豆紫檀苷（3）、(-)-高丽槐素-3-O--D-吡喃半乳糖苷（4）、6-乙酰三叶豆紫檀苷（5）、罗思菌素（6）、芒柄花苷（7）.除化合物3外,其他化合物均为首次从苦参中分离得到.7个化合物均有抑制SGLT2的活性,其中具有高丽槐素苷元结构的苷类成分3～5具有较好的抑制SGLT2的活性,对SGLT2的抑制活性的IC50范围为2.61～4.47 mol/L.     

秦岭中草药黄芩中黄酮类化合物的分离

目的 分离鉴定秦岭中草药黄芩中的黄酮类物质并研究其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性.方法 植物原料用溶剂提取,常压硅胶柱色谱及制备液相色谱分离,高分辨质谱及核磁共振波谱分析确定化合物分子结构,PNPG法测定化合物的α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性.结果 分离鉴定了8种黄酮类化合物,分别是汉黄芩素(1)、黄芩素(2)、汉黄芩苷(3)、千层纸素A-7-O-葡萄糖酸苷(4)、白杨素-7-O-葡萄糖酸苷(5)、黄芩苷(6)、黄芩素-6-O-葡萄糖酸苷(7)和去甲汉黄芩素-8-O-葡萄糖酸苷(8),活性实验表明化合物1和7表现出较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性,其IC50分别为0.13 mmol/L和0.25 mmol/L,稍强于阳性对照阿卡波糖(IC50:0.42 mmol/L).结论 秦岭中草药黄芩中某些黄酮类物质能够有效抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶,具有与阿卡波糖相当的降糖作用.     

细柱五加叶中羽扇豆烷型三萜成分

从细柱五加(Acanthopanax gracilistylus W.W.Smith)叶的热MeOH提取液中分离得到了4个lupane型三萜化合物,根据它们的理化性质和波谱数据,鉴定出其化学结构分别为acankoreagenin(1),3-epi-betulinic acid 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(2),acantrifoside A(3)和acankoreoside C(4).其中化合物1是首次从天然植物中分离得到的新化合物,化合物2是首次从五加科植物中分离得到的化合物,且这4个化合物都是第一次从细柱五加中分离得到.     

炒青葙子抗菌有效部位化学成分研究

采用大孔树脂(HPD100)、MCIGEL(CHP20/P120)色谱柱将炒青葙子50%乙醇提取物分成8个不同部位(Fr.1-Fr.3和Fr.2-1-Fr.2-5),采用纸片扩散法评价各部位对大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、白色念珠菌(Monilia albican)、猪霍乱沙门氏菌(Salmonella choleraesuis)、绿脓杆菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)、酵母菌(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)和金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphyloccocus aureus)的抑菌活性,同时利用ODS色谱柱对抑菌活性部位Fr.2-3进行分离纯化,通过1 H-NMR、13 C-NMR、ESI-MS数据鉴定分离化合物的化学结构,并进一步检验其抑菌活性.实验结果显示,Fr.2-3对白色念珠菌和酵母菌有明显的抑菌效果,最小抑菌浓度分别为25和6.25mg/mL,且该部位分离得到3个单体化合物,即青葙苷I、青葙苷J和青葙苷H.其中,青葙苷I和青葙苷J均对酵母菌有抑菌活性,其最小抑菌浓度分别为2.5和2.7mg/mL,而对白色念珠菌无抑制作用.青葙苷H则对酵母菌和白色念珠菌均无抑制作用.以上结果表明,Fr.2-3是炒青葙子50%乙醇提取物中抑菌效果最显著的部位,青葙苷I和青葙苷J为有效抑菌化学成分,该实验结果为天然抑菌药物和天然防腐剂的研发提供了物质基础.     

满天星中的黄酮类化合物及其抗氧化活性

 对石竹科花卉植物满天星(Gypsophila elegans)进行化学成分研究,通过波谱技术鉴定化合物结构,得到6 个黄酮苷化合物,分别为2″-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖异荭草苷(1)、芹黄素-6-C--7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、芹黄素-8-C-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、肥皂草苷(4)、芹黄素-7-O-槐糖苷(5)、异牡荆素-2″-O-β-D -吡喃葡萄糖苷(6).除化合物4为首次从该植物中分离得到外,其它化合物均为首次从石竹科植物中分离得到.并采用DPPH自由基清除模型对分离得到的化合物进行了抗氧化活性筛选,化合物1显示出强抗氧化活性.     

山茱萸中生物活性物质的分离、鉴定及其神经保护作用

研究山茱萸乙醇提取物中生物活性成分的化学组成及其对神经的保护作用。采用正相常压硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶、大孔吸附树脂、闪式低压正反相硅胶和氰基、反相高压液相等色谱方法对显示具有神经保护活性的组分进行分离纯化,根据核磁共振谱、质谱,同时结合已知文献数据对比鉴定化合物结构;再采用H_2O_2诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞氧化损伤模型对分离鉴定的化合物进行体外神经保护活性测定。结果表明,从山茱萸显示神经保护活性的组分中分离鉴定了9个化合物,分别为7-β-莫诺苷(1)、7-β-O-甲基莫诺苷(2)、7-α-0-甲基莫诺苷(3)、金吉苷(4)、cornolactones D(5)、pollenfuran A(6)、threo-2,3-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxypropan-1-ol (7)、5-羟甲基糠醛(8)和3,4-二-羟基苯甲酸(9);其中化合物pollenfuran A(6)和threo-2,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxypropan-1-ol(7)为首次从山茱萸属植物中分离得到,化合物cornolactones D(5)为首次从山茱萸中分离得到;化合物7-β-莫诺苷(1)、7-β-0-甲基莫诺苷(2)、7-α-0-甲基莫诺苷(3)具有神经保护活性。     

秦岭中草药黄芩中黄酮类化合物的分离及其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究

目的分离鉴定秦岭中草药黄芩中的黄酮类物质并研究其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性。方法植物原料用溶剂提取,常压硅胶柱色谱及制备液相色谱分离,高分辨质谱及核磁共振波谱分析确定化合物分子结构,PNPG法测定化合物的α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性。结果分离鉴定了8种黄酮类化合物,分别是汉黄芩素(1)、黄芩素(2)、汉黄芩苷(3)、千层纸素A-7-O-葡萄糖酸苷(4)、白杨素-7-O-葡萄糖酸苷(5)、黄芩苷(6)、黄芩素-6-O-葡萄糖酸苷(7)和去甲汉黄芩素-8-O-葡萄糖酸苷(8),活性实验表明化合物1和7表现出较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性,其IC_(50)分别为0.13mmol/L和0.25mmol/L,稍强于阳性对照阿卡波糖(IC_(50):0.42mmol/L)。结论秦岭中草药黄芩中某些黄酮类物质能够有效抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶,具有与阿卡波糖相当的降糖作用。     

水杨梅化学成分研究

采用柱色谱技术,对水杨梅的化学成分进行分离,从水杨梅乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到3个化合物,从正丁醇萃取部位分离得到4个化合物;根据光谱分析和文献对照的方法鉴定它们的结构分别为:异香草酸(1),七叶内酯(2),咖啡酸(3),5-hydroxy-2-methylchromone-7-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),东莨菪素(5),7-O-β-D-glucosyl-noreugenin(6),东莨菪苷(7).化合物1、2、3和7为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with