NaCl浓度对大米草保护酶活性和渗透调节的影响

研究不同NaC1浓度下大米草根部和叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸及可溶性糖的变化.结果表明:CNaC1等于100 mmol/L时,大米草生长良好;Cnacl高于100 mmol/L时,大米草通过提高SOD、POD和CAT活性,增加游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量,以适应NaCl浓度变化;CNacl达到500 mmol/L后,保护酶活性开始下降,而游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量却持续上升,叶片MDA含量亦持续上升,根部MDA却略有下降.在NaC1胁迫下,大米草叶片较根部对NaC1浓度更为敏感.     

低温逆境下“鲁赫”刺蔷薇抗性分析

结合低温胁迫过程中生理生化指标的变化,对"鲁赫"刺蔷薇(Rosa acicularis‘Lu He’)一年生实生苗、一年生扦插苗、二年生实生苗、二年生扦插苗进行抗寒性评价。在低温(10℃)处理第0,2,4,6,8 d时对其相对电导率、脯氨酸、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量以及过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性进行测定,并运用隶属函数法进行综合评价。结果表明,随着低温胁迫时间的延长,4类"鲁赫"刺蔷薇苗木的相对电导率、脯氨酸、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白质以及可溶性糖含量总体均呈上升趋势,而POD、CAT活性均先升后降,一年生扦插苗的SOD活性先升后降,其它苗木则是先降后升。对生理指标进行综合分析,得出4类苗木的抗寒性顺序为一年生实生苗二年生扦插苗一年生扦插苗二年生实生苗。     

外源5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)及一氧化氮供体硝普钠(SNP)对干旱胁迫下金荞麦幼苗生理特性的影响

采用20%的聚乙二醇对金荞麦幼苗进行干旱胁迫处理,并通过添加不同体积质量分数的外源5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)及一氧化氮供体硝普钠(SNP),研究外源ALA和外源NO处理对干旱胁迫下金荞麦幼苗叶片的叶绿素质量分数、可溶性糖质量分数、丙二醛(MDA)质量分数以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性等生理指标的影响.结果显示PEG-6000(20%)胁迫下的金荞麦幼苗生长受到显著抑制,但是经过不同体积质量分数的ALA或SNP处理后,均提高了幼苗可溶性蛋白的质量分数,降低了叶片的MDA质量分数和可溶性糖质量分数,显著地提高了SOD,POD和CAT 3种酶的活性和叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、叶绿素a/b的水平.50mg/L的ALA处理后SOD的活性达到最大值(0.039U/(mg·min));75mg/L的ALA处理后POD的活性达到最大值(2.359U/(mg·min));0.10mmol/L的SNP处理后CAT的活性达到最大值(0.052U/(mg·min)).然而,75mg/L的ALA比50mg/L的ALA处理后,金荞麦幼苗叶片的MDA质量分数少.因此,适宜体积质量分数的ALA和SNP能够有效地减缓干旱胁迫对金荞麦幼苗产生的伤害,提高幼苗的抗干旱能力.     

盐胁迫下内源ROS与NO的产生及其对小麦幼苗生理特性的影响

以小麦新品种陇春27为试材,研究施用过氧化氢酶(CAT、H_2O_2清除剂)、DPI(质膜NADPH氧化酶抑制剂)或PTIO(NO清除剂)对100 mmol/L NaCl处理下小麦幼苗生长、抗氧化反应以及渗透性调节的影响.结果显示:NaCl处理抑制小麦幼苗根、茎的生长,诱导根中活性氧(ROS)和NO的积累.CAT、DPI、PTIO的加入更显著地抑制盐胁迫下小麦幼苗根茎的生长,且DPI的效应最明显.这3种药品能够缓解NaCl诱导的超氧阴离子(·O_2~-)和NO的积累,但DPI或PTIO使NaCl处理的根中H_2O_2含量进一步增加,而CAT或DPI使羟自由基(·OH)含量减少.盐胁迫导致幼苗根中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶活性减弱,而过氧化物酶(POD)活性无显著变化.CAT的加入能缓解NaCl对CAT活性的抑制作用;DPI的加入减缓了盐对SOD、CAT的抑制效应,使POD活性降低;PTIO显著地增加了盐处理根中POD活性.盐处理导致小麦幼苗根中脯氨酸质量分数、可溶性糖质量浓度、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛(MDA)质量分数均增加.DPI导致盐处理根中脯氨酸质量分数、可溶性糖质量浓度均增加.CAT不影响NaCl对根的氧化损伤,DPI的加入导致盐处理小麦根MDA质量分数增加为对照的184%,而PTIO能够缓解盐诱导的氧化损伤.盐处理抑制小麦幼苗根茎的生长,诱导的内源性ROS和NO的产生相互影响,特别是二者共同作用调控幼苗根的生长和抗氧化反应.     

NaCl对萝卜幼苗逆境指标及蛋白激酶活性的影响

研究了NaCl对萝卜(Raphanussativus)幼苗叶片内SOD,POD,CAT活性,Vc、脯氨酸、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量和蛋白激酶活性的影响以及激酶活性与部分金属离子的关系.结果表明,0 5%的NaCl能使萝卜体内SOD,POD,CAT活性,Vc、蛋白质含量以及生物量降低.与此同时,提高体内脯氨酸、可溶性糖,促进蛋白激酶活性增加,反应体系的Ca2 ,Mn2 ,Mg2 对蛋白激酶活性的发挥有显著影响.     

金钱松种子贮藏过程中的生理生化特征研究

对不同含水率的金钱松种子在贮藏期间的发芽率、生活力以及各项生理生化指标的变化进行分析,结果表明:(1)金钱松种子临界含水率在3%～4%。含水率与发芽率、生活力以及POD活性之间存在显著负相关性,相关性大小排序为生活力、POD活性、发芽率。(2)金钱松种子可溶性蛋白质含量、粗脂肪含量、MDA含量、游离脯氨酸含量、SOD和POD活性与发芽率、生活力之间存在显著负相关性;各项指标与发芽率的相关性大小排序为SOD活性、MDA含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、游离脯氨酸含量、POD活性、粗脂肪含量,与种子生活力的相关性大小排序为SOD活性、POD活性、游离脯氨酸含量、粗脂肪含量、蛋白质含量、MDA含量。(3)O.2-含量虽然与金钱松种子发芽率、种子生活力之间的相关性不显著,但是与种子的可溶性糖和淀粉存在显著负相关性、与MDA含量之间存在显著正相关性。(4)金钱松种子可溶性糖和淀粉的含量与其他生理生化指标之间的相关性不显著。     

汞对小麦幼苗损伤机制研究

本文研究汞对小麦种子萌发过程中幼苗膜脂过氧化水平，细胞膜透性，保护酶（CAT、SOD、POD)活性，可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量的影响．结果表明，随着汞浓度的升高，细胞膜脂质过氧化水平升高．细胞膜透性增大，CAT活性降低、POD、SOD活性升高，组织可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量升高．     

低温对黄瓜若干生理指标的影响

选取耐低温性不同的6份材料9504,9506,9507,9511,9514,9517,进行低温处理,白天12℃,晚上8℃,每天光照处理7.5 h,强度为30μmol·(m2·s)-1,约合2 000 lx,共处理14 d。调查其耐低温性及叶片中水的质量分数、自由水的质量分数、束缚水的质量分数、可溶性蛋白质的质量分数、POD活性、SOD活性、MDA的质量摩尔浓度、可溶性糖的质量分数、根系比表面积等生理指标。结果表明,在常温下各生理指标差异不显著,经低温处理叶片中水的质量分数、自由水的质量分数、束缚水的质量分数、根系比表面积等下降,可溶性蛋白质的质量分数、POD活性、SOD活性、MDA的质量摩尔浓度、可溶性糖的质量分数等上升,除叶片中水的质量分数以外,其余各指标均差异显著。相关分析表明,耐低温性与束缚水的质量分数、可溶性蛋白质的质量分数、SOD活性、可溶性糖的质量分数、根系比表面积的偏相关呈显著正相关,与自由水的质量分数、MDA的质量摩尔浓度的偏相关呈显著负相关。说明低温使黄瓜幼苗的生长受到一定程度的抑制,但能够通过调节自身的生理指标来减轻低温的伤害,维持植物体的正常生长及生理代谢功能,从而表现出一定的耐低温潜力。     

一氧化氮对紫外线-B辐射下小浮萍保护作用

以小浮萍为材料,研究紫外线-B(UV-B)辐射下NO对植物的保护作用.经紫外线处理过的小浮萍,叶绿素和可溶性蛋白质含量降低,而SOD、POD和CAT活性上升;加入NO后,可以阻止叶绿素含量下降,提高可溶性蛋白质含量,且增加SOD、POD和CAT的活性.NO可以提高小浮萍抗紫外线能力.     

干旱胁迫下红砂渗透调节和抗氧化保护系统的响应研究

采用盆栽试验,测定了在不同土壤水分胁迫下红砂一些渗透调节物质和抗氧化保护酶,探讨渗透调节物质和抗氧化保护系统对干旱胁迫的响应。结果表明:叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和可溶性糖含量在中度干旱条件下增加,在重度干旱胁迫下减少并且低于对照;POD活性和CAT活性在中度和重度干旱胁迫下上升,但中度干旱胁迫高于重度;随着干旱胁迫程度的加强,脯氨酸含量、MDA含量、SOD活性一直呈上升趋势。研究表明,可溶性糖在中度干旱胁迫下起到了很重要的渗透调节作用,但在重度干旱胁迫下没有起到积极的作用;无论在中度还是重度干旱胁迫下,脯氨酸都起到了很重要的渗透调节作用。胡萝卜素、MDA、脯氨酸、SOD、POD和CAT在防御干旱引起的氧化胁迫中起到了显著保护作用,POD和CAT在中度干旱胁迫的保护作用更显著;无论在中度还是重度干旱胁迫下,MDA、脯氨酸和SOD都有显著的保护作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that