流变相法合成Li2ZnTi3O8的电化学性能

采用流变相法成功合成了尖晶石Li2ZnTi3O8.X射线衍射(XRD) 分析结果表明所合成的尖晶石颗粒结晶良好.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试结果表明,所得Li2ZnTi3O8粒径较小,分散较均匀.将所合成的样品作为锂离子电池电极材料,采用充放电测试和循环伏安测试研究了其电化学性能.电化学性能测试结果表明,该材料的放电比容量和循环性能都较好,在0.05～3.0 V 电压下,以100 mA/g进行充放电,首次放电比容量为234.6 mAh/g,100次循环后放电比容量仍保持在208.5 mAh/g.     

醋酸盐体系无焰燃烧合成LiMn_2O_4及性能研究

以醋酸锂和醋酸锰为原料,浓硝酸为辅助氧化剂,在温度600℃、时间3 h下采用无焰燃烧合成尖晶石型Li Mn2O4锂离子电池正极材料,研究了不同浓度硝酸对制备尖晶石型Li Mn2O4的影响.通过XRD和SEM分别研究了产物的物相组成及微观形貌;通过电性能测试研究了产物的比容量变化.实验结果表明,当n(Li)∶n(Mn)=1∶2(mol/mol)时,可得到Li Mn2O4单相,硝酸浓度对燃烧产物颗粒影响也较大;硝酸浓度为15 mol/L时产物初始放电比容量为112.1 m Ah/g,40次充放电循环后,放电比容量为99.0 m Ah/g,容量保持率为88.3%,具有较好的容量及存储性能.     

锂离子电池正极材料Li1-xVxFePO4/C的制备及电化学性能

采用高温固相法合成了Li1-xVxFePO4/C（x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05,0.10）锂离子电池正极材料,通过XRD,SEM,CV,EIS和恒流充放实验研究了不同掺杂量对产物结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,少量V的掺杂未影响到LiFePO4的晶体结构,但显著改善了其电化学性能。其中,Li0.98V0.02FePO4/C材料以0.1 C倍率放电时,首次放电容量达到160.9 mAh·g^-1,且循环性能良好。     

锂离子电池正极材料Li2FeSiO4的改性

采用高温固相反应法在氩气气氛下合成锂离子电池正极材料Li2FeSiO4、Li2FeSiO4/C和Li2Fe0.9Mn0.1SiO4/C,并采用X线衍射、扫描电镜和电化学方法研究材料的结构与性能.研究结果表明:改性后的Li2FeSiO4/C和Li2Fe0.9Mn0.1SiO4/C材料与Li2FeSiO4具有相同的晶体结构,锰离子掺杂和表面碳包覆有效地提高了材料的比容量和循环性能.以C/16倍率充放电,Li2FeSiO4/C的首次放电容量为112mA·h/g,Li2Fe0.9Mn0.1SiO4/C材料首次放电容量达122 mA·h/g,充放电循环30次后容量衰减仅为9％.     

锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.45Co0.10Mn0.45O2的合成及电化学性能

以Li2CO3 和Ni-Co-Mn 三元系氧化物为原料,在空气中通过固相反应制备LiNi0.45Co0.10Mn0.45O2.研究反应条件对产物结构的影响,采用扫描电镜(SEM)表征样品的形貌,用粒度分析、振实密度和比表面测定等手段比较不同合成条件对产物性能的影响.研究结果表明当n(Li)/n(M)不同时合成的产物性能差别很大,较适宜的n(Li)/n(M)为1.4/1;球磨可以提高产物的振实密度和比表面,并且对改善材料电化学性能有显著影响,在2.75～4.25 V电压范围内LiNi0.45Co0.10Mn0.45O2 首次放电比容量达到125.9 mA·h/g,50 次循环后放电比容量为128.7 mA·h/g.     

尖晶石型Li-Mn-O多元素掺杂的高温电化学特性

采用高温固相浸渍法合成了多元复合掺杂尖晶石型锰酸锂Li 1.02MxMn 2-xQyO 4-y正极材料.XRD表征合成的产物均为良好的尖晶石型结构材料;SEM表明所合成的产物颗粒均匀且有良好的粒径分布.以该物质作为锂离子电池的正极材料组装成扣式电池,经充放电循环测试可知:多元素掺杂的尖晶石型锰酸锂正极材料Li 1.02CoaCrbLacMn 2-a-b-cFyO 4-y较富锂尖晶石和单元素Co、Cr掺杂的正极材料能够更好地抑制电池的可逆容量在充放电过程中的衰减,循环性能有了很大改善,表现出很好的电化学可逆特性,80次循环后放电容量仍能保持94.5%以上;特别是高温(55 ℃)性能更加突出,40次循环后放电容量仍能保持102.1mA.h/g(91.5%)以上.作为锂离子电池的正极材料,该复合掺杂材料是众多取代钴酸锂材料中最具竞争力的材料之一,也有望成为锂离子动力电池的正极材料.     

高容量正极材料Li[Li0.17Mn0.58Ni0.25]O2的倍率性能

采用碳酸盐共沉淀工艺,通过控制结晶合成了显微形貌呈现较大差异的Li[Li0.17Mn0.58Ni0.25]O2样品,并对样品进行了X射线衍射、高分辨透射电镜、场发射扫描电镜分析以及恒电流充放电和交流阻抗测试.合成的Li[Li0.17Mn0.58-Ni0.25]O2材料均具有良好的结晶度,可标定为α-NaFeO2结构(空间群R3m).其中,具有一次颗粒沿六方棱柱长轴方向形成“簇形”团聚的材料比其他样品具有优异的倍率性能,在电压范围为2.5～4.8 V,倍率分别为0.5C、1.0C和3.0C时,Li[Li0.17Mn0.58Ni0.25]O2材料首次放电比容量分别达到205.4、195.5和158.5 mA·h·g-1,100次循环后放电比容量保持在203.5、187.2和151.2 mA·h·g-1,容量保持率分别为99％、96％和95％.Li[Li0.17Mn0.58Ni0.25]O2材料特殊的颗粒团聚状态降低了界面的电荷转移阻抗,材料的倍率性能显著提高.同时,文中对Li[Li0.17Mn0.58Ni0.25]O2材料在不同截止电压下的电化学性能进行了对比分析.     

锂离子电池负极材料Li3．9Mn0．1Ti5O12／C的性能研究

文章采用固相法合成了电化学性能优异的碳包覆的锂离子电池负极材料Li3．9Mn0．1Ti5O12／C,并对材料进行了XRD、激光粒度分析、循环伏安测试及恒电流充放电测试。结果表明：Mn的掺杂未改变材料的晶体结构,由于Mn4＋对Li4Ti5O12的晶胞内部的掺杂和C对其晶胞外部的包覆,使复合材料的电导率,大电流循环稳定性和可逆比容量都明显提高。在1C充放电循环时,Li3．9Mn0．1Ti5O12／C首次放电容量为162．4mAh／g,50次循环后,稳定在159．6mAh／g,容量保持率为98．3％;在2C充放电循环时,首次放电容量达到了153．5mAh／g,展示了优良的电化学特性。     

固相合成W掺杂LiFePO_4/C及其电化学性能

采用一步固相法合成碳包覆W掺杂Li1-xWxFePO4/C.结果表明：合成产物具有完整的橄榄石型LiFePO4晶体结构,颗粒尺寸为2~5μm;当W的掺入量为0.02摩尔分数时具有最好的倍率放电性能和循环性;在0.1 C倍率充放电时具有153.8 mA.h/g的放电比容量;在1 C倍率充放电时,具有135.7 mA.h/g的放电比容量.     

电极活性材料Li4Ti5O12的制备及电化学性能

以LiNO3和TiO2为初始反应物,固相法合成了Li4Ti5O12(M1). X射线衍射实验结果表明,所得粉体为较纯的尖晶石结构的Li4Ti5O12复合氧化物. Li4Ti5O12电极以35 mA·g-1电流密度恒流充放电,首次放电容量达到170 mAh·g-1,接近理论容量,首次充放电效率为92%. 其在大电流密度下充放电性能良好,以175, 350, 875 mA·g-1的电流密度放电,放电容量分别达到了151,140,115 mAh·g-1;与传统方法使用LiOH和TiO2固相合成的Li4Ti5O12(M2)加以比较,3个倍率下的放电容量分别提高了约5%,10%和26%. 循环伏安曲线表明:M1电极电位极化小,可逆性好,电极电化学活性高;M1电极嵌入/脱出锂后交流阻抗测试表明其电化学反应阻抗分别为16和20 Ω.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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