厚皮甜瓜黄河蜜植株再生研究

利用厚皮甜瓜黄河蜜3号子叶及下胚轴进行植株再生实验研究.结果表明:子叶不定芽分化率高于下胚轴,适合子叶不定芽分化的培养基为MS 6-BA1.5 mg/L NAA0.2 mg/L,分化率为60%,每个外植体平均分化芽数9.4个.适合下胚轴不定芽分化的培养基是MS 6-BA 1.75 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/L,分化率为9%,每个外植体平均分化芽数8.5个.对不定芽黑暗处理2天后用1/2 MS IAA0.2 mg/L诱导生根,生根率达91.12%,平均根数为12条.200 mg/L的NAA对无根苗处理20 min后移入1/2河沙 1/2蛭石基质中,1/2 MS营养液浇灌,试管外生根率为52%.     

青花菜组织培养再生体系的研究

采用不同培养基对青花菜（Brassica oleracea var.italica Plenk.)的子叶和下胚轴进行分化培养,结果表明：青花菜不同的外植体的组织培养效果不同,当采用MS基本培养基附加BA0.5mg/L、NAA0.1mg/L和Sucrose5%的处理时下胚轴的不定芽分化频率最高,可达50%;而当培养基中添加BA0.5mg/L、NAA0.1mg/L、Sucrose3%和AgNO34mg/L的子叶的不定芽分化频率最高,约为78%左右;同时在分化培养基中添加不同种类和浓度的激素、蔗糖和AgNO3均对其子叶不定芽的再生具有明显的效应。     

香水草组织培养植株再生系统建立

香水草(Heliotropium arborescens)无菌实生苗下胚轴和子叶接种于含1.0mg/L 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)或2.0mg/L 6-苄氨酸嘌呤(BA)的MS培养基上能脱分化形成白色松散状或绿色致密状愈伤组织,但愈伤组织诱导率较低,分别为8.3%和26.5%.愈伤组织培养于含2.0mg/L NAA和0.5mg/L BA的MS培养上建立了具再生能力的愈伤组织继代培养方法.愈伤组织转移至含2.0mg/L BA和含0.1mg/L NAA的MS培养基上建立了不定芽分化再生方法.不定芽分化率最高91.3%.不定芽长大后,转移至含1.0mg/L IBA的减半MS培养基中不定芽生根率可达87.6%.     

84K杨叶片再生系统的建立

选用84K杨的叶片作为外植体,MS作为基本培养基,采用不同浓度组合的BA和NAA对84K杨再生系统进行了研究.结果表明,在MS培养基中单独添加2.0mg/L BA时,不定芽分化率为90%,单独添加0.3mg/L NAA时,不定根产生率最高(90%),但无不定芽生成.采用1.5mg/LBA 0.3mg/LNAA组合搭配时,不定芽分化率最高(95%).在此基础上,采用M1(MS 1.5mg/L BA 0.3mg/L NAA)培养基,研究了不同着生位置的叶片、同一着生位置叶片的不同切段以及叶片在培养基上的放置方式对84K杨叶片再生的影响,结果表明带有叶柄的下切段比其余叶片切段不定芽再生率高,幼嫩叶片比老化叶片再生率高,叶片近轴端向下接触培养基比远轴端向下接触培养基再生率高.叶片再生系统的建立为开展84K杨的工厂化育苗和遗传转化奠定了基础.     

麻疯树根高效再生体系的建立及不定芽起源研究

为了克服现有麻疯树快繁技术的不足,分别以麻疯树胚根和子叶外植体诱导的不定根为外植体诱导不定芽.麻疯树子叶不定根诱导的最佳培养方式为:MS+5 mg/L IBA上培养4天,然后转至MS0培养基上生根.诱导生根率和生根数分别达到93.33%和6.54个/外植体.子叶不定根诱导不定芽的最佳培养基是MS+3.0 mg/L 6-BA+3 mg/L IAA,诱导率达到83.33%.麻疯树胚根的最佳不定芽诱导培养基为MS+0.2 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L IBA,分化率达67.80%,平均出芽数为3.25个/外植体.对麻疯树胚根再生的各阶段进行了石蜡切片观察,明确了不定芽起源于根的薄壁细胞层.与现有技术相比,本方法具有周期短、再生效率高的特点.     

常绿杨植株再生体系的建立

以水培常绿杨(Populus deltoides60/160×P.nigra'chile')枝条得到的叶柄为外植体,探讨了常绿杨植株再生的方法.结果表明:在MS BA0.3 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/L培养基上,不定芽的分化率最高,为82.5%;不定芽在MS BA0.2 mg/L NAA0.05 mg/L培养基上的继代增殖系数为7.2;在继代增殖培养基中添加0.4 mg/L GA3时,对不定芽的增殖和伸长有显著效果;在生根培养基1/2MS NAA0.05 mg/L上,生根率达到96.5%.     

白术胚轴和胚根直接分化不定芽的再生体系

为了建立白术Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.通过胚轴、胚根外植体直接分化不定芽的高效离体再生体系,研究了外植体类型、植物生长调节剂种类及质量浓度对不定芽直接分化的影响.研究结果表明,以白术无菌苗的胚轴、胚根为外植体,在分化培养基上可直接诱导不定芽分化,其中胚轴不定芽分化率最高可达91.18%,每个外植体产生芽的数量最高可达13个;诱导不定芽分化的最佳培养基为MS(Murashige and Skoog)+ TDZ(thidiazuron)1.5 mg/L+ NAA(naphthylacetic acid)0.2 mg/L.将分化的不定芽培养于附加IBA(indol 3-butiric acid)0.5 mg/L的1/2 MS培养基中诱导生根,生根率达66.66%以上.本研究为药用植物白术的工厂化育苗和脱病毒以及利用植物基因工程技术进行品质改良提供了有效的再生途径.     

黄瓜子叶节离体再生体系的建立

以MS为基本培养基,以黄瓜子叶节为外植体,设置了不同激素浓度,直接诱导出不定芽,建立了黄瓜的离体再生体系.结果表明,最佳芽诱导培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+IAA 0.1 mg/L+ABA 1.0 mg/L+AgNO3 2.0 mg/L,平均每外植体可诱导出2.9个芽;最佳芽伸长培养基为MS+KT 0.5 mg/L;1/2 MS最适于黄瓜的生根.     

南丰蜜橘组织培养及植株再生

以南丰蜜橘种子无菌苗的子叶、上胚轴、茎端、下胚轴为材料,在不同激素配比的MS基本培养基上进行外植体筛选和诱导不定芽分化、继代及生根培养,确定了诱导植株再生的最佳外植体和最适条件:(1)诱导不定芽分化最好外植体为上胚轴,不定芽分化率达90%;(2)继代培养中最适激素配比为MS+0.8 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/LD-泛酸钙;(3)生根最适合培养基为MS/2+0.1 mg/L NAA.     

耐盐果树滨梅微繁殖体系的建立

首先通过组织培养的方法,建立了耐盐果树滨梅(Prunus maritima)的微繁殖体系.研究发现,对于滨梅的种子萌发,以改良MS(硝酸铵减半)培养基加入0.02%活性炭、6-BA 10 mg/L最为合适,此时种子萌发率可以达到100%,正常苗率达到90%.对于不定芽的诱导,结果表明,当选用子叶作为外植体时,以MS培养基加入TDZ 1.0 mg/L、BA 0.5 mg/L效果最好,不定芽萌发率能达到80%,每个子叶上的发芽数能达到(4.6±0.35)个.当外植体选用一年生的叶片和嫩茎时,在添加了表面活性剂的吐温组,叶片的不定芽诱导率达到53%,嫩茎高达56%,显著高于没有使用表面活性剂的对照组,且嫩茎的萌发率要高于叶片,而叶片诱导不定芽的合适宽度为3~5 mm.对于通过愈伤组织诱导不定芽,实验发现最合适的激素配比是:MS培养加入2,4-D 0.25 mg/L BA 0.5 mg/L NAA 0.25 mg/L ZT 0.5 mg/L,分化率达94%,平均每个愈伤组织可以产生从芽8.4个.实验亦发现GA对不定芽的萌发有抑制效果,而对于再生芽的萌发,GA有显著的促进作用.对于愈伤的诱导,实验发现子叶诱导愈伤组织的能力要高于嫩茎和叶片,在MS培养基 2,4-D 1.0 mg/L BA 0.5 mg/L中,子叶诱导愈伤的频率达83%,其次是嫩茎,达76%,叶片诱导愈伤效果最差,只有23%.对于从愈伤快速再生分化苗,发现在MS培养基 ZT 2.0 mg/L和BA 2.0 mg/L时,对不定芽有最大再生效果,长度可达3.1 cm/20 d.生根实验发现,单独使用NAA,对分化苗生根率、生根数和根长度都有最大效果,分别达93%,3.1/棵,(4.3±0.53)cm.实验还发现,炼苗的适宜温度在23℃,试管苗的茎长和根长都大于3 cm时使用蛭石作为基质,成活率能够达到56%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-