一个新水稻低温敏感叶色突变体tcm11的鉴定及基因定位

对粳稻"嘉花1号"经~(60)Coγ诱变处理获得的稳定遗传低温敏感叶色突变体tcm11(thermo-sensitive chloroplast mutant 11)进行了表型鉴定与遗传分析.在20℃条件下,该突变体三叶期之前幼苗均表现为黄色,光合色素含量明显下降,叶绿体发育不完整,从第4叶开始逐渐转为浅黄绿色直至最后死亡.而在32℃条件下,其表型与野生型相比没有明显差异,具有低温敏感属性.通过对培矮64S与tcm11杂交的F_2代分离群体进行遗传分析,发现该低温敏感突变体性状是受单个隐性核基因(tcm11)控制,利用图位克隆技术对tcm11进行定位,将其定位在第11号染色体的InDel分子标记ID13252与SSR分子标记MM1361之间一个约1 566 kb的区域内.这也为后续的研究奠定了基础.     

水稻高温白化复绿突变体tcd52的遗传分析和分子定位

粳稻品种“嘉花1号”经甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）化学诱变处理,获得一个稳定遗传水稻幼苗高温白化复绿突变体tcd52.该突变体在高温（>24℃）条件下,二叶期叶色呈白色失绿,三叶期开始复绿,四叶期后与野生型没有明显差异;而在低温（20℃）条件下,tcd52突变体苗期叶色与野生型一致呈绿色,无白化现象.利用该突变体tcd52与“培矮64S”杂交构建F₂遗传群体,发现苗期的高温白化复绿叶色性状受到一对隐性核基因控制,并将该突变基因（tcd52）定位在水稻第5染色体上的ID05M16025和ID05M16113分子标记之间的127 kb区间内,经测序推定突变基因是编码PPR蛋白的基因LOC＿Os05g49920.结果表明：tcd52是一个受高温响应且影响水稻早期叶绿体发育的关键基因.今后将进一步对tcd52基因进行研究,以加深了解温度对水稻叶绿体分子发育机理.     

一个水稻苗期白化致死突变体asl6的鉴定及其基因定位

经60Coγ诱变处理粳稻"嘉花1号"得到一个稳定遗传苗期白化致死突变体asl6(albino seedling lethality 6).与野生型(WT)相比,该突变体从发芽出苗起一直表现白化,四叶期逐渐死亡,叶合色素含量几乎没有且没有完整的叶绿体结构.通过qRT-PCR分析发现,与叶绿体发育、叶绿素合成及光合作用相关的基因表达量明显下调.对利用asl6突变体与"培矮64S"杂交获得的F2代分离群体进行遗传分析,发现该突变表型受单个隐性核基因控制.利用图位克隆技术将该asl6基因定位于第2号染色体的InDel分子标记ID31982与SSR分子标记MM5712之间约293 kb的区域内.目前,该范围内没有叶色相关基因的报道,可能为一新的调控水稻叶绿体发育的基因.     

一个新的水稻幼苗黄叶突变体的遗传分析及其基因的初步定位

在60Coγ射线辐照的水稻突变体库中,发现了一个以粳稻品种日本晴为遗传背景的幼苗叶色黄化突变体syl11(seedling yellow leaf 11).与野生型相比,突变体幼苗第二和第三叶表现黄色,在其完全展开之前叶片自其顶端开始转绿,长到四叶期其叶色恢复正常;并且该突变体syl11幼苗黄色叶片光合色素含量明显下降.遗传分析表明,该突变体的遗传性状由1对隐性核基因控制.本研究以培矮64S/syl11的F2代突变型植株作为定位群体,应用微卫星(SSR)分子标记以及新发展的InDel分子标记,将基因syl11定位在水稻第11号染色体长臂上的RM26652和处于着丝粒附近的ID11974分子标记之间,其遗传距离分别为0.5 cM和0.7 cM.     

水稻叶色突变研究进展

水稻叶色突变体表型变异明显,易于观察、利用和鉴别.叶色相关基因在水稻叶绿体形成与发育、叶绿素代谢等过程中,具有极其重要的作用.目前,在水稻所有的染色体中都发现了控制叶色相关的基因.文章从叶绿素合成、降解、水稻叶色突变表型以及叶色变化的分子机制等方面阐述了水稻叶色突变形成的机制.     

拟南芥温敏雄性不育突变体atms1的获得及表型分析

从甲基磺酸乙酯（ethylmethane sulfonate,EMS）化学诱变建立的野生型拟南芥（Col-0）突变体文库中筛选到1株突变体.在低温16 ℃时,该突变体的雄性育性与野生型没有显著差异,花粉染色呈现100%可育.随着培养环境温度的升高,突变体花粉育性逐渐下降,因此,该突变体为一温敏雄性不育突变体,并被命名为atms1（ambient temperature-sensory male sterility 1,即环境温度敏感雄性不育1）.花药切片结果显示,在23 ℃以下,该突变体花药各个发育时期的形态与野生型花药没有显著的差异;而27 ℃处理1周后的突变体花药呈现多种表型：同一朵花中各个花药的发育时期出现显著分化,花粉母细胞胼胝体单薄,绒毡层发育滞后于同时期的野生型花药.遗传分析确定,atms1的不育表型是由单个隐性核基因控制的.     

拟南芥叶色突变体ems3的基因定位

ems3是经甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变筛选得到的一拟南芥叶色突变体.通过背景纯化与遗传分析,发现ems3突变体是单基因隐性控制.利用图位克隆的方法对叶色基因EMS3进行了定位,结果表明:EMS3位于第5条染色体分子标记MHF15和MHF152之间55kb的区间内.生物信息预测,该区间包括有16个基因.这些结果为该基因的克隆及叶绿体发育过程中的功能研究奠定了基础.     

水稻黄绿叶基因YGLOSH的定位克隆

本文利用~(60)Co γ射线诱变光温敏感型核不育系广占63S(GZ63S),在后代中获得一个稳定遗传的黄绿化叶色突变体黄广占63S,突变体从苗期至成熟期均显示叶片黄化特征.遗传分析表明该性状受一对隐性核基因控制,命名为yglosh.利用BSA方法分析突变体黄广占63S与正常绿叶对照蜀恢881构建的F2群体,将该黄化基因定位于水稻2号染色体分子标记RM279和Pm6之间,物理距离约68kb.定位区间的cDNA测序分析发现,突变体中LOC_Os02g05890基因发生单碱基突变,形成终止子提前终止该基因的翻译.转基因互补实验确定LOC_Os02g05890为目标基因,可能参与叶绿体发育或者叶绿素生物合成途径.     

水稻叶色突变研究进展

水稻叶色突变体表型变异明显,易于观察、利用和鉴别。叶色相关基因在水稻叶绿体形成与发育、叶绿素代谢等过程中,具有极其重要的作用。目前,在水稻所有的染色体中都发现了控制叶色相关的基因。文章从叶绿素合成、降解、水稻叶色突变表型以及叶色变化的分子机制等方面阐述了水稻叶色突变形成的机制。     

一个水稻白化致死突变体abl25鉴定及其基因定位

经Co60辐照的粳稻嘉花1号得到一个新的致死白化突变体albino lethal 25(abl25),该突变体从发芽至4叶期表现为白化苗,之后逐渐死亡.与野生型嘉花1号相比,abl25突变体的叶绿素含量和类胡萝卜素的含量大大降低,叶绿体结构不正常,说明其叶绿体发育受到严重阻碍,导致植物死亡.遗传分析表明:该突变体受一对隐性核基因(abl25)控制,进一步利用abl25与广占63S杂交的F2分离群体,将该突变体基因(abl25)定位于第2染色体上SSR标记RM424与Indel分子标记ID7330之间,随后利用新开发的分子标记和扩大群体将其定位在Indel分子标记ID9111和ID9261之间的150 kb内,发现abl25是一个新的水稻苗期白化致死基因.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with