Cu／Ti3AlC2复合材料的耐磨性研究

以元素单质粉Ti,Al,C,Cu为原料,采用机械合金化和放电等离子烧结（SPS）,成功制备了Cu／Ti3AlC2复合材料块体,并对其进行了组织性能分析。实验结果表明：采用SPS烧结技术制备的Cu／Ti3AlC2复合材料,随着Ti3AlC2含量的增加,其显微硬度逐渐提高,相同烧结工艺条件下（900℃烧结,保温20min）添加15vol％Ti3AlC2复合材料的硬度比纯Cu提高近2倍;添加适量的Ti3AlC2可显著提高复合材料的耐磨性,当复合材料中含5vol％Ti3AlC2时,磨损量降低30％以上。     

实验参数和Al质量分数对燃烧合成Ti3AlC2的影响

以Ti、Al和C粉为原料,采用XRD、SEM方法研究压坯压力、保护气氛以及不同Al质量分数对自蔓延燃烧合成Ti3AlC2的影响.结果表明,在150 MPa压力下的试样生成主晶相Ti3AlC2,且其质量分数明显高于过高和过低压力下的试样.其他实验条件相同时氩气保护更有利于主晶相Ti3AlC2的生成.Ti/C=1.5时,Ti3AlC2的衍射峰强度随着原料中Al质量分数的增加而加强.     

碳包覆Ti3AlC2增强银基复合材料的制备与性能

Ti₃AlC₂-reinforced Ag-based composites, which are used as sliding current collectors, electrical contacts, and electrode materials, exhibit remarkable performances. However, the interfacial reactions between Ag and Ti₃AlC₂ significantly degrade the electrical and thermal properties of these composites. To diminish these interfacial reactions, we fabricated carbon-coated Ti₃AlC₂ particles (C@Ti₃AlC₂) as reinforcement and prepared Ag–10wt%C@Ti₃AlC₂ composites with carbon-layer thicknesses ranging from 50–200 nm. Compared with the uncoated Ag–Ti₃AlC₂ composite, Ag–C@Ti₃AlC₂ was found to have a better distribution of Ti₃AlC₂ particles. With increases in the carbon-layer thickness, the Vickers hardness value and relative density of Ag–C@Ti₃AlC₂ gradually decreases. With a carbon-layer thickness of 150 nm, we obtained the lowest resistivity of Ag–C@Ti₃AlC₂ of 29.4 135.5×10?9 Ω·m, which is half that of Ag–Ti₃AlC₂ (66.7 × 10?9 Ω·m). The thermal conductivity of Ag–C@Ti₃AlC₂ reached a maximum value of 135.5 W·m?1·K?1 with a 200-nm carbon coating (~1.8 times that of Ag–Ti₃AlC₂). These results indicate that the carbon-coating method is a feasible strategy for improving the performance of Ag–C@Ti₃AlC₂ composites.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of a hot-extruded Al-based composite reinforced with core-shell-structured Ti/Al3Ti

An Al-based composite reinforced with core-shell-structured Ti/Al3Ti was fabricated through a powder metallurgy route followed by hot extrusion and was found to exhibit promising mechanical properties. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the composite sintered at 620°C for 5 h and extruded at a mass ratio of 12.75:1 reached 304 MPa and 14%, respectively, and its compressive deformation reached 60%. The promising mechanical properties are due to the core-shell-structured reinforcement, which is mainly composed of Al3Ti and Ti and is bonded strongly with the Al matrix, and to the reduced crack sensitivity of Al3Ti. The refined grains after hot extrusion also contribute to the mechanical properties of this composite. The mechanical properties might be further improved through regulating the rela-tive thickness of Al-Ti intermetallics and Ti metal layers by adjusting the sintering time and the subsequent extrusion process.     

烧成温度对Al_2O_3-Fe_2O_3复合材料性能的影响

以煅烧α-Al2O3粉、氧化铁为原料,采用MgO为添加剂,控制配料的Al2O3/Fe2O3的摩尔比为1、3、5,MgO引入量质量百分数分别为2%、4%、6%,成型压强为100 MPa,烧结温度为1500℃、1550℃、1600℃,保温3小时可获得Al2O3-Fe2O3复合材料,对烧后试样了烧结与抗热震性能研究。结果表明：控制Al2O3-Fe2O3复合材料试样AF34-2的Al2O3/Fe2O3摩尔比为3,MgO引入量为4%,烧成温度为1550℃保温3小时的工艺条件,可以制备出较高致密度、常温抗折强度及抗热震性能的Al2O3-Fe2O3复合材料。该复合材料试样AF34-2的SEM显微结构照片显示出材料晶粒间结合紧密,形成具有直接结合的镶嵌结构。     

Ti3AlC2和Ti2AlC催化合成苯甲酸乙酯的初步研究

以苯甲酸、乙醇为原料,三元碳化合物Ti3AlC2和Ti2AlC为催化剂合成苯甲酸乙酯,采用内标法以高效液相色谱分析产品组成.结果表明,Ti3AlC2和Ti2AlC都具有一定的催化合成苯甲酸乙酯的作用.Ti3AlC2在高温下有利于苯甲酸乙酯合成,而Ti2AlC在低温下有利于苯甲酸乙酯的合成,并对催化反应机理进行了初步探讨.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of a hot-extruded Al-based composite reinforced with core-shell-structured Ti/Al3Ti

An Al-based composite reinforced with core-shell-structured Ti/Al₃Ti was fabricated through a powder metallurgy route followed by hot extrusion and was found to exhibit promising mechanical properties. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the composite sintered at 620℃ for 5h and extruded at a mass ratio of 12.75:1 reached 304 MPa and 14%, respectively, and its compressive deformation reached 60%. The promising mechanical properties are due to the core-shell-structured reinforcement, which is mainly composed of Al₃Ti and Ti and is bonded strongly with the Al matrix, and to the reduced crack sensitivity of Al₃Ti. The refined grains after hot extrusion also contribute to the mechanical properties of this composite. The mechanical properties might be further improved through regulating the relative thickness of Al-Ti intermetallics and Ti metal layers by adjusting the sintering time and the subsequent extrusion process.     

粉末冶金Al-10%Ti复合材料的力学和耐磨性能

文章采用“冷压烧结+热挤压”的粉末冶金法制备出Al—10％Ti复合材料,研究了Al—10％Ti复合材料的孔隙率、抗拉强度、伸长率、硬度和耐磨行为。结果表明:与Al相比,Al-10％Ti复合材料的孔隙率较高,抗拉强度和伸长率较低,硬度和耐磨性较高;Al-10％Ti复合材料的磨损体积损失分别是Al的1/22.3及Qsn6.5-0.4的1/14.8,其磨损表面呈Al基体+Ti颗粒+孔隙的耐磨组织。     

Fe-Al_2O_(3p)复合材料的热处理

采用硬度、拉伸和磨损等试验手段，检测了Ｆｅ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３ｐ复合材料的强化效果；通过光学显微镜、ＳＥＭ等微观分析技术，分析了淬火处理后Ｆｅ基与Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒间的复合状况。结果表明，淬火处理可强化基体，降低Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒与基体间的硬度梯度，使两者复合更紧密，提高材料的整体性能。     

Synthesis and characterization of Cr2AlC with nanolaminated particles

In this work, we reported the large-scale and low cost synthesis of high purity Cr2 AlC powders with nanolaminated particles by pressureless sintering. The chemical reactions involved in synthesizing Cr2 AlC had been studied and discussed. The results showed that the Al contents in the starting materials and sintering temperatures had significant effects on the synthesis and purity of Cr2 AlC. The obtained high purity Cr2 AlC powders were stable up to at least 1400 °C. The Cr2 AlC powders consisted of nanolaminated particles, the size of which was tunable by adjusting sintering time. The present synthesized nanolaminated Cr2 AlC powders would be an excellent reinforcement material for metal matrix composites.     

Fe基－Al_2O_3复合材料的界面研究

将工业还原铁粉、Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒、炭粉及某种适量粘结剂，通过粉末冶金方法在高温下进行烧结，制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒增强Ｆｅ基复合材料。用ＳＴＥＭ，ＴＥＭ及ＳＥＭ对界面结合机制进行了分析与研究。结果表明，烧结过程中在Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒与Ｆｅ基界面生成了中间相，使Ａｌ２Ｏ３与铁基有良好的结合强度，所制备的Ｆｅ基－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料的硬度、耐磨性已超过相同含碳量的碳钢材料     

纳米Fe3O4/PANI复合体系的微波电磁特性研究

用原位化学反应生成法制备了纳米Fe3O4/PANI复合材料,研究了样品在2~18 GHz范围的微波电磁特性与吸收性能以及复合材料组分对电导率、密度的影响.结果表明,Fe3O4颗粒尺寸约12.7 nm,Fe3O4在复合体系中的质量分数为35%左右时,电导率最大,密度相对较低,微波吸收率最高,吸收峰值为-21 dB,-10 dB频宽大于4 GHz,样品同时具有电损耗和磁损耗.可见,通过优化设计,纳米Fe3O4/PANI复合体系可以成为一种性能优良的微波吸收材料.     

负极材料Li4Ti4.75Cu0.25O12/SnO2的合成及电化学性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法和化学沉积法制备了Li4Ti4.75Cu0.25O12/SnO2复合活性材料。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、恒流充放电测试对材料进行结构、形貌表征及电化学性能测试。结果表明:Li4Ti4.75Cu0.25O12/SnO2复合活性物质能够进一步改善倍率性能的同时,循环性能也得到了很好的保证。当电压在1~3 V时,电流密度为1C倍率条件下,Li4Ti4.75Cu0.25O12/SnO2复合材料首次放电比容量高达202.55 m A·h/g。经过50次循环后,容量仍保持在202.51 m A·h/g,容量保持率高达99.98%。     

非酸催化法合成2,4,4-三甲基-1-戊烯的研究

采用异丁醇为原料 ,以Ti (SO4) 2 /Al2 O3为催化剂 ,合成了 2 ,4,4-三甲基 - 1 -戊烯 .对影响反应的因素进行了讨论 ,用红外光谱及核磁共振光谱对结构进行了表征 .标题化合物的收率为 80 %以上 .     

不同氧化铝对轻量微孔刚玉骨料结构与性能的影响

以α-Al2O3微粉、工业Al2O3细粉为原料,经过湿磨制料和1 830℃烧结制备了轻量微孔刚玉骨料,研究不同氧化铝原料对轻量微孔刚玉骨料体积密度、气孔率及显微结构的影响。结果表明,在实验工艺条件下,采用工业氧化铝细粉或α-Al2O3微粉作为原料,均可获得体积密度为3.2～3.5g/cm3、显气孔率在5%以下、平均孔径为0.5～1μm的轻量微孔刚玉骨料,其800℃导热系数比普通板状刚玉小25%～42%;相比之下,采用工业Al2O3细粉作为原料时,所制得的骨料晶粒粗大,体积密度较大,闭口气孔在总气孔中所占比率较小,而采用α-Al2O3微粉作为原料时,所制得骨料晶粒细小,体积密度较小,闭口气孔在总气孔中所占比率较大,平均气孔孔径及导热系数亦比采用工业Al2O3细粉作原料时更小。     

微合金钢中夹杂物诱导晶内铁素体析出行为

通过热力学计算及实验,研究了微合金钢加钛脱氧后钢液中夹杂物的形态、组成、尺寸和类型,分析了加钛前后钢的组织变化.结果表明:加钛后,钢的组织明显细化,钛的脱氧产物可成为TiN夹杂的形核核心,还可以包覆在Al2O3夹杂周围,此类夹杂物呈细小弥散析出;这些细小的夹杂物可以在奥氏体晶粒内部诱发晶内铁素体析出,从而产生细化组织的效果.     

新型无机高分子复合絮凝剂聚合硅酸铝铁混凝效果研究

以AlCl3·6H2 O ,FeCl3·6H2 O ,硅酸钠和盐酸为原料 ,以无水碳酸钠为碱化聚合剂 ,制备出了一系列聚合硅酸铝铁 (PAFSC)复合无机高分子絮凝剂 ;通过烧杯实验 ,比较了PAFSC和PAC对各种水样的混凝效果 .结果表明 :PAFSC较PAC具有更好的混凝效果 ;其制备工艺、Al Fe Si摩尔比对PAFSC的混凝效果有一定的影响 ,在Al Fe Si摩尔比一定的情况下 ,共聚法制备的PAFSC(共 )的混凝效果优于复合法制备的PAFSC(复 )的混凝效果 ;在制备工艺一定的情况下 ,随着Al Fe Si摩尔比中Fe和Si摩尔数增加 ,PAFSC絮凝剂的混凝效果变好 .此外 ,pH值对PAFSC的混凝效果也有一定的影响 .     

Ag-HA膜的结晶状况对其抗菌性能的影响

以离子束增强沉积(IBAD)镀膜方法,在Ti6AL4V骨植入材料上镀羟基磷灰石(HA)膜.将镀HA的Ti6AL4V在室温下置入100ppm的AgNO3溶液中浸泡48小时,银离子通过离子交换过程进入HA膜.含银的HA(Ag-HA)膜具有抗大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的能力.经研究发现,晶态Ag-HA膜抗菌性能颇佳,与此相反,在非晶态的磷酸钙上细菌生长良好.结晶状况对其抗菌性能有重要影响.结晶较好的HA膜有利于Ag+与晶态HA中的Ca2+进行离子交换而进入HA膜,在一定条件下Ag+从晶格中释放出来,起到抗菌作用.     

TiC/Fe cermet coating by plasma cladding using asphalt as a carbonaceous precursor

A new Ti-Fe-C compound powder for plasma cladding was prepared by heating a mixture powder of ferrotitanium and asphalt pyro-lyzed as a carbonaceous precursor. The carbon by the pyrolysis of the asphalt acts as a reactive constituent as well as a binder in the compound powder. The TiC/Fe cermet coatings were prepared by plasma cladding with the compound powder. Results show that the Ti-Fe-C compound powder has a very tight structure, which can avoid the problem of the reactive constituent particles being separated during cladding. The TiC/Fe cermet coating presents a typical morphology of plasma cladding coatings with two different laminated layers: one is the composite layer in which the round fine TiC particles (<500 nm) are dispersed within a Fe matrix, the other is the paragentic layer of TiC and Ti2O3. The coating shows high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The surface hardness of the coating is 68 ± 5(HR30N). In the same fretting conditions, the wear area of Ni60 coating is about 11 times as much as the TiC/Fe cermet coating.     

铝热反应制备YAG/Al2O3复相陶瓷的组织和性能

利用铝热反应熔化法制备YAG/Al2O3复相陶瓷材料,研究配料中Y2O3含量对复相陶瓷显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:复相陶瓷的相组成为YAG和Al2O3,合有少量的Fe相.随着Y2O3含量的增大,Al2O3颗粒分布越均匀,复相陶瓷的维氏硬度先减小后增加,而相对密度是增加的,在x=0.90时达到最大值分别10.9 ...