Destruction of virus infected cells by neutrophils and complement

Summary The paper describes an antibody independent mechanism of cytotoxicity whereby virus infected but not uninfected cells are destroyed by the combined presence of neutrophils and complement.Supported by A.I. 14981 and by the MRC of Canada.Acknowledgment. We thank C.J. Wust for invaluable discussions.     

Repressed chromatin from virus infected and from differentiated cells

Zusammenfassung Aus Virus-infizierten Zellen isoliertes Chromatin wurde mit dem Erythrocytenchromatin verglichen. Die durch Infektion oder Differenzierung verlorene Kapazität des Chromatins der RNS-Syntheseunterstützung wird durch Entfernung eines Teiles des Proteins wieder hergestellt.

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This work was supported by the Cancer Research Fund of the University of California and by U.S.P.H.S. Grant CA-08192-1.     

Cytotoxicity of human T-lymphocytes sensitized by Epstein-Barr virus. Role of HLA antigens at the surface of target cells infected by the virus]

Peripheral T-lymphocytes from patients with infectious mononucleosis are cytotoxic towards target cells from Epstein-Barr virus-genome carrying human lumphoblastoid lines. Thus, these T-cells appear to be sensitized to viral coded determinants. Daudi cells, that carry EBV-genome, but lack HLA antigens are resistant to specific cytolysis in this model. These results suggest direct HLA involvement in the target structure recognized by birus-sensitized cytolytic T-lymphocytes in human.     

Separation of ‘soluble’ immunoprecipitating antigens originating from rabies virus infected cells by chromatography on ecteola cellulose and by gel filtration

Zusammenfassung Chromatographie an Ecteola-Cellulose ermöglicht die Trennung von 5 «löslichen» immunopräzipitierenden Antigenen aus einer mit Tollwut-Virus infizierten Zell-Kultur-Flüssigkeit. Gel-Filtration derselben an Sephadex G-200 führt zur Abtrennung von zwei Antigen-Klassen, die sich in ihrer Grösse unterscheiden. Die Kombination beider Verfahren ermöglicht eine weitgehende Reinigung der Antigene.     

Immune suppression by neutrophils and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells: similarities and differences

Neutrophils are essential effector cells in the host defense against invading pathogens. Recently, novel neutrophil functions have emerged in addition to their classical anti-microbial role. One of these functions is the suppression of T cell responses. In this respect, neutrophils share similarities with granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs). In this review, we will discuss the similarities and differences between neutrophils and G-MDSCs. Various types of G-MDSCs have been described, ranging from immature to mature cells shaping the immune response by different immune suppressive mechanisms. However, all types of G-MDSCs share distinct features of neutrophils, such as surface markers and morphology. We propose that G-MDSCs are heterogeneous and represent novel phenotypes of neutrophils, capable of suppressing the immune response. In this review, we will attempt to clarify the differences and similarities between neutrophils and G-MDSCs and attempt to facilitate further research.     

Ultrastructural localization of newcastle disease virus surface antigen in infected Hela cells as revealed by an enzyme-labelled antibody method

Zusammenfassung Nach indirekter peroxidasekonjugierter Antikörpermethode wurden elektronenmikroskopisch mit Newcastle-Disease-Virus infizierte HeLa-Zellen geprüft, und in den frühen Infektionsstadien an den Ribosomen des endoplasmatischen Retikulums solcher Zellen und in den späten Infektionsstadien an den «Spikes» des spriessenden Viruskörperchens das Antigen der Virusoberflächen gezeigt.     

Presence of autocomplementary RNA with viral specificity in cells infected with herpes virus]

RNA from cells infected with Herpes simplex virus contain a higher percentage of double-stranded RNA than non-infected cells. This percentage increases three-fold upon self-annealing. The complementary RNA sequences were shown to be virus-specific by the following criteria: (1) high melting temperature than double-stranded RNA from non infected cells; (2) higher density in caesium sulphate; (3) specific hybridization with viral DNA.     

Proliferation of spleen cells from mice infected with friend virus in the spleens of unirradiated and irradiated mice

Résumé Quand des cellules spléniques de souris CBA/HT₆T₆ infectées par le virus de Friend sont injectées à des souris CBA/H normales, les rates des receveurs s'hypertrophient au cours de la semaine suivante. Une analyse chromosomale montra que toutes les cellules en division provenaient de l'hôte, suggérant que la splénomégalie fait suite à la libération du virus des cellules injectées.     

Production of superoxide by neutrophils

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences - Oxygen uptake by neutrophils has been stimulated by particulate serum-treated-zymosan (STZ) and soluble N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) in the...     

Destruction of triplet nitrenium ion by ascorbic acid

Zusammenfassung Die Reaktion des Karzinogens N-acetoxy-2-acetamidofluoren mit Guanosin wird durch Ascorbinsäure, jedoch nicht durch Zitronensäure gehemmt. Diese Hemmung bewirkt eine vermehrte Bildung von 2-Acetamidofluoren. Anscheinend reagiert Ascorbinsäure mit dem N-2-Fluorenyl-N-acetylnitreniumtriplett unter Bildung von Acetamidofluoren und oxidierter Ascorbinsäure.     

Activation of virus production by DMSO in C. albicans experimentally infected with polyoma-DNA

Zusammenfassung Die Infektion von Schimmelpilzen,C. albicans, durch Polyomavirus mit isolierter Polyoma-DNS und die aktivierende Wirkung von DMSO werden beschrieben.

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Supported by a grant of the National Cancer Institute of Canada.

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The assistance of Mr. G.Kolompár and B.Bucz during these assays is gratefully acknowledged.     

Intracellular cyclic AMP in vesicular stomatitis or Senda? virus infected cells (author's transl)

In KB cells, MRC5 and adult skin fibroblasts infected by low doses of Senda? virus, intracellular cyclic AMP levels rose and fell in the first hours following infection, then remained lower than basal level during at least 2 days in KB cells and adult skin fibroblasts. When compared to other viruses or cAMP inducers previously described, this effect appeared specific of Senda? virus. Mechanisms and roles of cAMP variations are discussed. VSV-infected KB cells showed slightly decreased cAMP levels during the first hours following infection.     

Activation of complement by trypanosomes

Summary Factors exhibiting anti-complementary activity released from trypanosomes after incubation at 20°C were described. The active material was shown to consume the first component of bovine complement. While the anticomplementary factor(s) from T. lewisi could activate bovine, human and guinea pig complement, the factor(s) from T. congolense was observed to activate bovine complement, but not guinea pig and only slightly human complement. The roles of complement activating factor(s) of trypanosomes in the pathology of the disease are discussed.This project is supported by National Research Council of Canada grant A 0068 and a grant from the International Development Research Centre.