云南省野生恒河猴病毒血清流行病学研究

对云南省野生恒河猴作了Ｂ病毒（ＢＶ）、猴爱滋病毒（ＳＩＶ）、猴Ｔ细胞白血病毒（ＳＴＬＶ）、猴Ｄ型逆转录病毒（ＳＲＶ）、轮状病毒（ＳＡｌ）、腺病毒（ＳＡＶ）、痘病毒（Ｍｏｎｋｅｙｐｏｘ）、麻疹病毒（Ｍｅａｓｌｅｓ）、柯赛基病毒Ｂ－１型（ＣｏｘｓａｃｋｉｅＢ１）和人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）等１０种病毒血清抗体及乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）检测,结果表明,云南省野生恒河猴中,抗体阳性率较高的有ＳＡ１１（９０％）,ＳＡＶ（８３１％）,ＢＶ（４４６％）和Ｍｏｎｋｅｙｐｏｘｖｉｒｕｓ（２０６％）;３种逆转录病毒的抗体阳性率分别为ＳＴＬＶ－１（８８％）,ＳＲＶ（４７％）,ＳＩＶ（２２％）;未发现Ｍｅａｓｌｅｓ,和ＣｏｘｓａｃｋｉｅＢ－１病毒血清抗体及ＨＢＶ感染,但在１只动物血清中有ＨＣＭＶ抗体．病毒抗体阳性率与动物的年龄有关,成年猴明显高于未成年猴．对来自思茅地区、临沧地区和文山州动物的调查表明,Ｂ病毒相关抗体和逆转录病毒抗体阳性率有地区差异,思茅地区的野生恒河猴,抗体阳性率较高．     

建立快速检测禽白血病病毒的液相芯片方法

目的建立快速检测禽白血病病毒(Avian Leukosis Virus,ALV)的液相芯片方法,为大量样品的检测提供技术支撑。方法制备抗ALV P27单克隆抗体,生物素标记抗体,磁珠偶联捕获抗体,利用Luminex200分析系统验证该方法的特异性、敏感性及重复性。结果阳性判定标准定为大于或等于空白对照的两倍。特异性检测结果显示与鸡的其他多种病原不存在交叉反应,特异性良好。同时多批次实验结果显示其变异系数在7%以内,说明该方法的稳定性好,可重复。结论建立的检测ALV病原的液相芯片方法特异性好,稳定且可重复。     

云南省野生恒河猴三种病毒血清抗体的初步调查

用酶免疫法（ＥＩＡ）检查了云南省３６０只野生恒河猴的轮状病毒、腺病毒和痘病毒血清抗体,抗体阳性率分别为８６７％,８０８％和１９４％．成年猴上述三种病毒抗体的阳性率明显高于未成年猴．在云南省思茅、文山和临沧地区三种病毒抗体阳性率无明显差异,其中轮状病毒、腺病毒抗体阳性率较高,痘病毒抗体阳性率较低．结果表明：轮状病毒、腺病毒和痘病毒抗体阳性动物在野外广泛存在,抗体阳性动物的分布与年龄有关．在云南省思茅、文山和临沧三个地区,三种病毒的抗体阳性率无差异．     

新疆部分地区3种鸡肿瘤性疾病的初步调查

为了调查新疆部分地区蛋鸡场疑似肿瘤性疾病,初步了解鸡肿瘤性疾病感染与发病情况,从喀什、阿克苏、玛纳斯等地区的7个养殖场抽选30份疑似肿瘤性疾病病例,进行现场剖解,采用病理组织学方法,ELISA抗原检测法,病原核酸鉴定法对其进行鉴别研究。结果显示：ELISA法检出马立克氏病、禽白血病及禽网状内皮组织增生症的阳性检出率分别为10．00％、76．66％、50．00％。其中禽白血病及禽网状内皮组织增生症的双重感染率为36．66％;PCR方法只检出马立克氏病为阳性。新疆部分地区商品蛋鸡场存在3种鸡肿瘤性疾病的感染,但引发肿瘤病变是以马立克氏病毒为主,调查结果为该类疾病的防控措施提供参考依据。     

国产第一代β—hCG避免疫苗免疫恒河猴的抗体反应？…

用国产第一代ｈＣＧ避免疫苗（以β－ｈＣＧ－ＴＴ为免疫原制备的氢氧化铝吸附制剂）免疫成年雌性恒河猴,评价疫苗在实验猴体内诱发抗ｈＣＧ抗体的能力和免疫安全性。结果显示疫苗能在实验猴诱发抗ｈＣＧ抗体,但抗体滴度较度（峰没度为１：４０００）,持续时间较短,加入Ｆｒｅｕｎｄ’ｓ佐剂免疫能显著增强动物的抗体反应（峰滴度可达１：６４０００）,免疫猴对强化免疫有较好的记忆反应。免疫前后各免疫猴血液红细胞数、血红蛋     

血清灭活法对消除ELISA假阳性结果的比较研究

目的建立一种简便、易行的方法,对酶联免疫吸附试验的结果进行质量控制。方法依据国标ELISA方法对578份小鼠血清进行11种病毒抗体检测,共检测抗体3677份。对初步检测出的242份抗体阳性血清,经56℃30min水浴灭活处理后进行复检。结果可疑阳性血清经灭活处理后复检,正常抗原孔A值和特异抗原孔A值明显低于初检的正常、特异抗原孔A值,差异显著(P<0.05);初检和复检的特异抗原孔A值与正常抗原孔A值的比值有显著性差异(P<0.05);血清灭活前后阳性率有显著性差异(P<0.01),分别为6.58%和2.86%。阳性对照灭活前后A值无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论血清经灭活处理后,使检测结果的假阳性率显著降低。     

精神病人HBV感染情况的分析及防护

目的探讨精神病病人乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染状况。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验法,对986例入院的精神病病人进行血清HBV标志物检测。结果血清乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙型肝炎病毒表面抗体（抗-HBs）、乙型肝炎病毒e抗原（HBeAg）、乙型肝炎病毒e抗体（抗-HBe）,乙型肝炎病毒核心抗体（抗-HBc）阳性率分别为9.03%、30.80%、3.58%、3.58%、11.50%。结论由于精神病病人疾病的特殊性,因此对感染HBV的精神病病人应采取监测、隔离、治疗等措施,而对精神科临床护理人员应加强安全教育,做好防范措施,防止HBV的传播感染。     

广州地区1995—1997年HIV抗体检测情况分析

为了解献血员人群ＨＩＶ感染情况，我们对１９９５～１９９７年献血员ＨＩＶ抗体检测情况进行了分析。方法：献血员ＨＩＶ抗体的初筛试验采用抗－ＨＩＶ抗体ＥＬＩＳＡ法，ＨＩＶ抗体初筛试验阳性者用蛋白印迹法（ＷＢ）进行确认。结果：３年内共检测１４００２８人次，初筛ＨＩＶ抗体阳性１８例献血员，并全部经ＷＢ法确认为ＨＩＶ抗体阳性。其中１５例为男性，３例女性，均为来自外省的流动人口。１８例ＨＩＶ抗体阳性献血员中，ＨＣＶ抗体阳性检出率为８３３％（１５／１８），ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性检出率为６１１％（１１／１８），ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＣＶ抗体阳性检出率为３３３％（６／８）。结论：在献血员人群中ＨＩＶ抗体阳性检出率呈上升趋势，为此献血员ＨＩＶ抗体筛查对预防和控制输血传播ＨＩＶ具有重要意义。ＨＩＶ与ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ具有较高的重叠感染率     

急性白血病患者血清VEGF水平与临床关系的研究

通过检测AL患者血清中VEGF的含量,探讨AL患者血清VEGF含量变化与治疗疗效的关系。使用ELISA法检测42例AL患者治疗前后血清VEGF水平。其中,对25例初治AL患者治疗前后、10例复发AL患者复发前后、7例难治AL患者及AL患者各亚型VEGF水平进行分析并与正常对照组比较,同时对VEGF水平与骨髓涂片有核细胞中原始幼稚细胞数及其它临床化验指标之间的相关性进行分析。所有数据均采用SPSS13.0统计软件分析处理。1）初治AL患者治疗前血清VEGF水平（109.60&#177;36.81）pg/mL,明显高于对照组（59.45&#177;20.20）pg/mL,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。AL患者完全缓解CR组VEGF水平（78.87&#177;17.66）pg/mL,与对照组无明显差异（P〉0.05）。AL患者CR组化疗前血清VEGF水平（101.09&#177;32.44）pg/mL,未完全缓解NR组化疗前血清VEGF水平（131.48&#177;40.76）pg/mL,NR组高于CR组,但差异不显著（t=1.96,P〉0.05）;2）复发AL患者完全缓解及复发后VEGF水平分别为（98.84&#177;24.47）pg/mL和（133.48&#177;60.96）pg/mL,差异不显著（t=1.82,P〉0.05）;3）难治AL组VEGF水平（125.16&#177;54.45）pg/mL,明显高于对照组和初治组CR期AL患者（P〈0.01）;4）VEGF水平与骨髓中白血病细胞数正相关（r=0.52,P〈0.01）,与患者的年龄、FAB分型、外周血白细胞计数及血红蛋白含量均无相关。初治AL患者血清VEGF水平明显高于对照组,完全缓解后恢复至接近正常,复发时再次升高,难治者VEGF水平比初治者明显增高。外周血VEGF水平与白血病治疗疗效相关,检测VEGF对AL患者判断病情、预测复发、指导治疗有一定意义。     

免疫鸡群新城疫病毒检测和分离的研究

以ＳＰＦ鸡抗新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）ＩｇＧ为包被抗体（５μｇ／ｍＬ）,兔抗ＮＤＶＶｅｒｏ细胞培养纯化毒ＩｇＧ为第二抗体（１∶２００～６００）,酶标记羊抗兔ＩｇＧ（１∶５０００）为指示抗体建立间接夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ,检测实验免疫鸡、攻毒鸡及现地免疫鸡口腔或泄殖腔外分泌物。结果表明：新城疫无毒力Ｖ４疫苗免疫后２ｄ,口腔内病毒抗原随机检出率为４／１０,第１０天为１０／１０;泄殖腔为０～１／１０,并持续１８ｄ以上。滴鼻攻毒后１ｄ,口腔和泄殖腔内病毒抗原检出率分别是８／１０和６／１０;第１３天,泄殖腔内病毒抗原检出阴性。ＮＤＶ灭活疫苗免疫６０ｄ后攻毒,第２天有７／２０口腔和８／２０泄殖腔检出阳性,并一直到攻毒后第１４天。非免疫对照鸡攻毒后第３天直到死亡时,口腔和泄殖腔均可检出病毒抗原。对各地临床上无任何症状的ＮＤＶ免疫鸡群检测发现,泄殖腔ＮＤＶ抗原阳性率０％～９．３％,分离到８株ＮＤＶ流行毒株,生物学试验证实这些毒株的毒力属中等毒力偏强或强毒。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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