爆炸荷载作用下大型箱涵安全性的SPH-FEM耦合分析

爆炸冲击荷载对地下结构物影响是工程界关注的重点问题.采用SPH与FEM耦合的数值分析技术,SPH法用于模拟爆破近域的土体大变形,FEM法用于模拟远场土体和结构物响应,研究了爆炸冲击荷载对大型输水箱涵安全性的影响,研究结果表明:SPH与FEM耦合分析技术可以满足计算精度与计算效率要求,计算结果较好地揭示了爆坑形成和冲击荷载的传播过程;不同爆炸位置下箱涵受力和变形存在较大差异,尤其是边墙中间位置,受土体变形流动影响,不同爆炸位置会引起明显的二次加载和拉压变化.     

常规爆炸下地下结构的冲击震动环境

为准确得到结构的爆炸地冲击参数,建立了爆腔岩土介质地下结构动力相互作用有限元分析模型,对常规爆炸下地下结构的冲击震动环境进行了描述。该模型将爆炸波在岩土中的自由场传播与遇到结构后产生的波反射、绕射、透射等现象相结合考虑。与传统方法相比,该计算模型的精度大幅度提高,结果误差由目前常用方法的200%左右减小到20%以下,对研究地下结构在冲击荷载下的隔震问题有重要意义。     

爆炸荷载作用下饱和土体的液化特性分析

为了研究饱和土体在爆炸冲击荷载作用下的液化特性,在LS-DYNA软件框架内,建立了适合于爆炸荷载作用下土体动力分析的实用模型,并对某爆炸液化现场试验进行了数值模拟。模拟得到的孔压时程与试验结果基本一致,表明数值手段能够较好地预测土体在爆炸荷载作用下孔压的发展规律。同时,通过数值模拟结果还可以发现,爆炸荷载作用下土体可能发生液化的区域远大于爆炸直接冲击导致结构破坏的区域。因而,在防护结构设计中,不仅要考虑结构本身的强度是否满足抗爆设计的要求,还要考虑由于周围土体液化导致的地基失效而造成的结构失稳破坏。     

地下箱形结构在爆炸冲击荷载作用下的动力反应分析

在一定距离的常规武器爆炸作用下,地下防护结构可能不会发生由于抗力不足而产生破坏,但是爆炸冲击荷载会引起结构内部很大的震动加速度环境,造成结构内部人员伤亡和设备破坏.综合考虑引起结构振动的各种影响因素,采用爆腔-岩土介质-结构系统动力相互作用模型,运用LS-DYNA动力分析软件,对典型的地下箱型结构在顶爆、侧爆和侧顶爆3种不同爆炸工况进行了数值模拟计算.初步分析了箱型结构在不同当量和不同爆炸点的常规武器爆炸荷载作用下的动力反应规律和特点,可为箱型结构在爆炸荷载下的隔震设计提供参考.计算结果表明:在常规武器爆炸作用下有必要对重要的箱型地下人防指挥工程进行隔震设计;可以采用爆腔-岩土介质-结构系统动力相互作用有限元模型进行爆炸动力反应分析.     

炸药地面爆炸条件下土中浅埋结构上荷载的作用特点

为了研究炸药地面爆炸条件下土中压缩波的波系分布,确定作用在土中结构上的地冲击荷载特点,以典型的土中浅埋结构为例,采用数值模方法,应用LS-DYNA有限元分析软件并结合阿列克辛柯试验现象,对炸药地面爆炸作用下浅地表波场的分布以及作用到土中结构上的荷载进行数值模拟和分析。研究结果表明,典型土中浅埋结构的顶板主要承受空气冲击波引起的间接地冲击荷载的作用,外墙主要承受直接地冲击荷载的作用。     

爆炸荷载作用下大坝破坏分析的数值模拟研究进展

对近年来爆炸冲击荷载作用下大坝动力响应和破坏分析所采用的数值模拟方法的研究进展和发展趋势进行综述。重点总结现有计算爆炸力学数值方法进行大坝爆炸动力响应特征和破坏过程分析的研究成果,指出大坝爆炸响应分析是一个涉及炸药爆炸、爆炸冲击波形成和传播、冲击波或爆炸产物与坝体相互作用以及坝体结构动态响应的完整连续过程,同时总结了水库大坝环境中的爆炸荷载分类、特点及其对大坝结构的破坏效应。指出各种爆炸条件下大坝的爆炸模拟需要关注的不同问题,今后需要在目前研究基础上及时吸收计算力学的最新研究成果,发展高精度的数值计算方法和高效率的数值求解体系,实现大坝爆炸动力响应的全过程仿真模拟。     

轴压比对钢筋混凝土柱侧向抗爆炸冲击性能的试验研究

通过多点加载试验模拟侧向抗爆炸冲击的性能,研究分析在不同轴压比作用影响下钢筋混凝土柱的破坏过程、破坏形态及峰值荷载.实验结果表明:在侧向爆炸冲击荷载作用下钢筋混凝土柱可能发生剪切和弯曲两种破坏;轴压比的增大使得柱的峰值荷载与侧向位移增加.     

爆炸冲击荷载作用下拱结构动力屈曲研究

用数值模拟方法,研究了爆炸冲击荷载作用下拱结构的动力屈曲问题,重点分析了拱结构矢跨比对其动力响应和动力屈曲的影响。结果表明:对于矢跨比大于0.1的拱结构,在弹性振动阶段,拱顶位移幅值数量最大,当出现塑性变形以后,结构最大位移点在约1/6拱跨处;当爆炸冲击持续时间在某一范围内时,结构发生动力屈曲以后会出现反直观动力响应,位移幅值-荷载幅值关系曲线出现2个拐点,第1个拐点对应的荷载可看作动力屈曲临界荷载,第2个拐点对应的荷载可看作动力失效荷载。当拱结构的矢跨比小于0.1时,结构发生动力屈曲以后不会出现反直观动力响应,动力屈曲临界荷载即动力失效荷载。当爆炸冲击持续时间一定时,拱结构矢跨比越小,动力屈曲临界荷载越小。     

爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土梁的抗爆与加固技术研究进展

 爆炸可能导致建筑物的严重破坏甚至灾难性倒塌。爆炸载荷作用下钢筋混凝土结构的动态响应与加固技术是当前结构安全问题的研究热点之一。钢筋混凝土梁作为建筑结构的主要承重构件之一,在爆炸冲击荷载作用下发生破坏很可能引起整个结构的倒塌。综述了国内外在爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土梁的动态响应、损伤机理、加固技术等的研究现状与发展趋势,提出了钢筋混凝土梁的抗爆与加固的研究难点和发展方向。     

岩体特性对围岩与结构动力相互作用影响

通过研究岩石特性,进一步对围岩与结构动力耦合机理进行分析。爆炸荷载原型实验研究困难较大,因此应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA非线性显式动力有限元程序和流固耦合计算方法,对垂直爆炸不同岩石类别、不同跨度地下拱形结构进行数值模拟,得到了岩石类别对于不同跨度结构影响的不同规律。研究表明:岩石硬度越大,拱顶动力相互作用显著增大,远距离爆炸对大跨硬岩结构拱肩和拱脚产生明显的反复拉压作用;岩石越软,跨度越小,近距离爆炸对整个结构动力相互作用影响越大。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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