在线单方向外汇兑换问题研究

外汇兑换是现实中的一个典型在线决策问题。R．El—Yaniv等人将外汇之间的兑换抽象成了一个在线兑换模型，提出基于风险的兑换策略。在此研究的基础上．本文考虑汇率每日波动在一定范围内时的外汇兑换问题，运用不同的分析方法，给出平衡策略和平均分配策略。结果表明虽然对于R．El—Yaniv提出的在线外汇兑换模型，平均分配策略是最优策略，但对于本文提出的模型2，平衡策略才是最优在线兑换策略。     

Performance evaluation of discrete event systems involving Henstock-Kurzweil integral

This paper presents a study on the performance of flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs), by using discrete event system (DES) models, considering resource losses modelled by a parameter entitled coverage factor. We conclude that the resources cell loss distribution between the tasks of a FSM is a real function that cannot be integrated, in order to calculate its primitive, in the classical sense of Riemann or Lebesgue, but only in the sense of Henstock-Kurzweil integral. Our result allows one to study more general processes where highly oscillatory functions occur. The method used to deduce the function describing the resources cell loss distribution is compared with a classical method related in the literature, respectively rational interpolants. An example has been constructed to emphasize what we believe to be, new approaches.     

Action Research for Emancipation Informed by Habermas and Hierarchy of Systems: Case Study on Environmental Education and Management of Water Resources in Brazil

Technology is used in order to emancipate. Emancipation for social and environmental justice ought to shape the way technology is designed and used. The relationships across action research, action research spiral, and the General Systems Theory was investigated. The case study refers to environmental education activities as part of a participative management approach to water resources on the Hydrographic Basin of the Upper Maranhão River (Brazil). By introducing action research spiral as a search of rationality in social practices, and describing the nature of lower and higher hierarchical level in General Systems Theory, the higher hierarchical level was associated with Habermasian emancipatory interest, whereas lower hierarchic levels were associated with the specific instrumental concern. To conclude, it is said that the articulation between action research spiral and General System Theory can be the means to strengthen the dialectical potential of the action research spiral in order to achieve both individual and collective empowerment.     

Social responsibility as a next step in development of systemic behavior toward systems solutions of systemic problems of today

Data are clear: humankind is facing a global socio-economic crisis. Global bodies search for solution in ending the neoliberal monopolistic, rather than free market, economy, and in introduction of systemic behavior under the label of social responsibility. To support this effort, the research that is reported about in this contribution, suggests systemic perception of social responsibility to cause the end of abuse, strategy of promotion of social responsibility, and of suitable economic preconditions, supported by several lines of action, which everybody can trigger.     

基于滑模变结构控制策略的直流斩波器设计

为稳定气压系统废气能量回收系统中输出的电压,需采用直流斩波器。传统的直流斩波控制电路采用微处理器使用PID等经典的控制策略,不适合具有大扰动的非线性直流斩波器的控制。分析了升降压直流斩波电路连续状态下的结构,采用滑动变结构控制方法对其进行控制。仿真结果表明,与传统的控制策略相比,滑动变结构控制方法可保证直流斩波器在趋近运动阶段有较短的上升时间,在滑动模态阶段有较小的超调量,从而具有良好的动态品质。     

复杂社会经济系统研究的一个新模型——市场交易与政府关系的三角结构模型

分析了市场交易的基础地位和单个交易的过程模型,建立了交易与政府的三角结构模型,描述了市场交易中政府的基本作用,从方法论角度区分了市场经济体制中方法论个人主义、博弈论与三角结构模型的适用范围,探讨了市场交易与政府共同推动社会经济协同发展的关系问题.     

Addressing Online Information Needs in Palliative Care: An Action Research-Inspired Approach

Whereas user participation has been embraced worldwide as a means to provide better patient outcomes, the implementation of formative, action research approaches in online health information has remained under-explored. The purpose of this study is to present an action research-based methodology that allows the scoping of health information and design needs in complex, multi-user online environments. The project's four main stages were informed by an iterative, formative approach involving continuous expert and user evaluation. The study suggests that an action research-inspired formative approach can be successfully employed to generate user-participation. Moreover, sustained user-participation effectively addresses most quality issues regarding content, language, and accessibility raised in the recent literature. The paper concludes that an action research approach geared to develop online health resources deserves more attention.     

TESTING FOR OUTLIERS IN TIME SERIES USING WAVELETS

One remarkable feature ofwavelet decomposition is that the wavelet coefficients are localized, and any singularity in the input signals can only affect the wavelet coefficients at the point near the singularity. The localized property of the wavelet coefficients allows us to identify the singularities in the input signals by studying the wavelet coefficients at different resolution levels. This paper considers wavelet-based approaches for the detection of outliers in time series. Outliers are high-frequency phenomena which are associated with the wavelet coefficients with large absolute values at different resolution levels. On the basis of the first-level wavelet coefficients, this paper presents a diagnostic to identify outliers in a time series. Under the null hypothesis that there is no outlier, the proposed diagnostic is distributed as a X1^2. Empirical examples are presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed diagnostic.     

离散粒子群社区检测算法

针对复杂网络中的社区检测问题,提出了一种基于节点影响力的离散粒子群社区检测方法。该方法以模块度密度作为目标函数,利用离散粒子群算法对其进行优化,在优化过程中提出了节点影响力的概念,其充分利用了网络中节点的相互关系检测网络中的社区结构。同时,在此基础上提出了基于节点影响力的粒子群初始化方法和粒子状态更新方法。利用人工网络数据集和真实网络数据集对所提算法进行测试,实验结果表明,所提算法具有较好的检测结果,能更好地对网络中社区进行划分。     

最优线性网络编码的分布式构造方法

针对单源组播网络,在合理的假设条件下,提出了最优线性网络编码(在吞吐率最大的前提下编码代价最小)的分布式构造方法。首先对线性网络编码的机理进行分析,得出了不同组播率下编码方案间的内在联系,导出了一个在线测试组播容量的策略;提出的方法以遗传算法为搜索引擎,结合随机线性网络编码,嵌入了在线测试组播容量的策略。通过合理地设计编码系数的生成规则和进化策略,在获得最大吞吐率前提下达到最小编码信道数的同时,构造出相应的编码方案,且编码系数保存在各节点中,从而可以采用确定性网络编码数据传输策略传输数据。仿真结果表明提出的方法是有效的。     

The Action Research Paradigm: An Alternative Approach in Negotiation

The action research model has been widely used by practitioners in many social science fields as a practical problem-solving method. Unique to the action research paradigm is that it allows research and practice to coexist and cowork simultaneously in problem solving. Due to increasingly complex relationships between governments, organizations, groups, and individuals, scholars and practitioners of negotiation are mandated to address and resolve different types of disputes by using various negotiation models and techniques to thoroughly understand and study the underlying foundations of these conflicts. This paper attempts to investigate the potential applications of the action research model as an appropriate tool for the negotiation as a process of dispute settlement.     

Strategy

It may perhaps seem superfluous at the present time to emphasize the distinction between strategy and tactics. Moreover definitions are rarely quite satisfactory, for they can seldom be perfectly clear and at the same time perfectly comprehensive. Yet, since it is necessary that the parties to any discussion should have some common starting point, it will be as well to begin by stating exactly what is meant to be included. (The Encylcopaedia Britannica, 11th ed., Vol, 26, p. 347).     

模拟-信息转换器研究进展

随着未来宽带、超宽带通信技术的发展,现有以传统奈奎斯特采样定理为基础的信号的采集、传输、存储和处理系统将面临严峻的挑战,模拟-信息转换器(analog-to-information convertor,AIC)将可能是这些挑战的有效解决途径。AIC是近年来国内外研究的热点,其以压缩感知原理为理论基础,突破传统的奈奎斯特采样定理的约束,以远低于奈奎斯特速率对信号进行采样,并确保能准确重构出原始信号,是稀疏信号的有效获取方法。以稀疏信号采集为主线,综述了近年来AIC设计与实现的研究进展,分析了不同方案在稀疏信号获取方面的优势与不足,描述了国内外的相关研究进展,并对未来AIC可能的发展方向进行了展望。     

SIMPLE COMPUTING OF THE CUSTOMER LIFETIME VALUE:A FIXED LOCAL-OPTIMAL POLICY APPROACH

In this paper,we present a new method for finding a fixed local-optimal policy for computing the customer lifetime value.The method is developed for a class of ergodic controllable finite Markov chains.We propose an approach based on a non-converging state-value function that fluctuates（increases and decreases） between states of the dynamic process.We prove that it is possible to represent that function in a recursive format using a one-step-ahead fixed-optimal policy.Then,we provide an analytical formula for the numerical realization of the fixed local-optimal strategy.We also present a second approach based on linear programming,to solve the same problem,that implement the c-variable method for making the problem computationally tractable.At the end,we show that these two approaches are related：after a finite number of iterations our proposed approach converges to same result as the linear programming method.We also present a non-traditional approach for ergodicity verification.The validity of the proposed methods is successfully demonstrated theoretically and,by simulated credit-card marketing experiments computing the customer lifetime value for both an optimization and a game theory approach.     

A STACKELBERG DIFFERENTIAL GAMES SOLUTION TO A PROBLEM OF OPTIMAL INTERTEMPORAL INVESTMENT AND TAX RATE DESIGN

Using the Stackelberg differential games(SDG) theory, we quantitatively study a problem of optimal intertemporal investment and tax rate design. Under some appropriate assumptions, the open-loop Stackelberg equilibrium solutions are obtained. Equilibrium solutions show that: 1. The optimal strategies derived from differential game and unilateral optimal control approaches are different; 2. It is not always the best strategy for the government to use a constant tax rate over the whole time period; 3. The admissible size of tax rate adjustment may have great effect on the government's optimal strategy; 4. SDG approach has no significant effect on the firm's optimal investment strategy.     

Improved differential evolution algorithm for resource-constrained project scheduling problem

An improved differential evolution (IDE) algorithm that adopts a novel mutation strategy to speed up the convergence rate is introduced to solve the resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) with the objective of minimizing project duration. Activities priorities for scheduling are represented by individual vectors and a serial scheme is utilized to transform the individual-represented priorities to a feasible schedule according to the precedence and resource constraints so as to be evaluated. To investigate the performance of the IDE-based approach for the RCPSP, it is compared against the meta-heuristic methods of hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and several well selected heuristics. The results show that the proposed scheduling method is better than general heuristic rules and is able to obtain the same optimal result as the HGA and PSO approaches but more efficient than the two algorithms.       

地面运动目标的多UAV协同搜索方法

对地面运动目标的搜索是无人机(unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV)航路规划的重要研究内容之一,受目标运动的影响,传统的垂线扫描搜索方法对速度较大的运动目标搜索能力不足。为了提升对运动目标的搜索效率,提出多无人机(multi-unmanned aerial vehicle, multi-UAV)并排回寻式搜索方法,以回寻速度与推进距离为参数构建了协同搜索数学模型,搜索效率须在搜索速率和发现概率2个指标之间权衡,通过对模型参数进行优化,得出不同应用场景下的最优搜索方案。仿真结果表明:与垂线扫描搜索法相比,在相同的发现概率下,该方法允许目标的运动速度更快;在目标运动速度相同时,目标发现概率更高。在算例的飞行条件下,目标发现概率比垂线扫描法提高约15个百分点。     

交易成本条件下初始排污权免费分配的决策机制

初始排污权的分配问题不但是组建排污权交易市场的起点和基础,而且是排污权交易中争议最大和最困难的问题。目前,初始排污权的分配方式主要有免费分配和有偿分配两类。根据机制设计原理,建立了交易成本条件下使期望社会福利最大化的初始排污权免费分配模型,并分析了免费分配的决策机制问题。     

具有利益冲突的发展中国家与发达国家之间的博弈分析

运用微分对策理论研究具有利益冲突的发展中国家与发达国家的均衡策略 .首先建立两国的动态博弈模型 ,然后利用微分对策理论分析模型的均衡解 .研究结果显示 :1 .发达国家在一定时期里的蓄意破坏是其最优策略 ;2 .发展中国家与发达国家在不同时期里各自的最优策略是不同的 ,“以牙还牙”的策略并非最优策略 ;3.发展中国家为了避免在此对策略过程中蒙受更大的损失 ,利用军事或经济的策略基本上是无效的 .发展中国家应当寻求经济、军事以外的途径 ,比如政治和谈等手段 .该文的研究方法可适用于更大范围的对策问题的研究 .