水解酸化+EGSB+A/O组合工艺处理硫酸粘菌素生产废水

针对某制药厂所排放的废水有机污染物成分复杂、含盐量高等特点,在小试基础上设计了以膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)为主体的"水解酸化+EGSB+A/O"作为废水处理的主体工艺,并运用于工厂运行。在调试过程中EGSB处理单元根据反应器中的挥发酸、碱度和颗粒污泥状态等主要参数调整进水量、循环水量。经调试后EGSB处理单元中COD去除率可达到60%~80%,硫酸根的去除效果明显,厌氧过程中氨氮无去除;A/O处理单元经16 d运行后,COD处理率趋于稳定,氨氮处理率为70%,有待进一步提高。在运行一段时间后,组合工艺COD去除率为90%,氨氮去除率达到70%。分析结果表明,该工艺运行效果稳定,对该类制药废水的处理是非常有效的。     

焦化废水好氧工艺去除COD和氨氮的试验研究

为预测焦化废水A1-A2-O-M工艺O-M段在其优化运行参数下,去除化学需氧量(COD)和氨氮的达标情况,利用好氧反应器对焦化废水进行了实验研究,并利用Matlab分别对好氧反应器(O段)和复合生物反应器(M段)长期运行的出水COD和氨氮浓度进行估计。分析得出,该工艺长期运行的出水COD质量浓度均值小于150 mg/L的概率为0.8974;出水氨氮质量浓度均值为0.63 mg/L,出现概率为0.999 9。研究结果分别达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978—1996)中第二类污染物最高允许排放要求的二级标准和一级标准。     

壳聚糖絮凝-厌氧-好氧-深度处理红薯淀粉废水

针对红薯淀粉废水水质波动大、氮磷含量较高、预处理难度大等特点,通过实验寻求一种抗冲击负荷能力强、预处理效果好、自动化程度高、节能环保并适应安徽省气候环境的污水处理工艺.通过采用壳聚糖絮凝-IC反应器-A/O池-生态塘组合工艺处理红薯淀粉废水,在确定工艺参数的基础上,对不同负荷下该工艺的处理效果进行实验研究,并对污染物去除效率进行分析.结果表明,壳聚糖预处理对COD、氨氮、总磷、总氮的去除率可达14.9%,20.7%,58.5%,26.6%,效果较常规絮凝好,并在普通IC反应器上增设外循环系统,整套工艺对COD、氨氮、总磷、总氮的综合去除率为98.8%, 96.4%,94.4%,93.9%,出水主要指标能够达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》GB18918-2002一级A标准,可以给相似地区淀粉废水的处理提供借鉴.     

太湖流域印染废水为主的城镇污水处理厂提标技术研究

采用调节—厌氧水解—A/O（PACT）—高效澄清池—过滤组合工艺处理综合印染废水。开展了中试试验研究和示范工程研究,研究结果表明：中试系统运行稳定,对COD、色度、氨氮、总氮、总磷平均去除率分别为93.2 %,93.9 %,90.2 %,70.8 %,96.3 %;厌氧COD平均去除率分别为48.1 %;色度平均去除率分别为75.7 %;A/O（PACT）工艺对氨氮和总氮的去除效果明显,混凝沉淀工艺则对总磷去除效果最理想;中试研究和示范工程出水水质稳定,各项指标均满足《太湖地区城镇污水处理厂及重点工业行业主要水污染物排放限值》（DB32/1072-2007）。     

AB工艺化学强化除磷试验研究

取吸附－生物降解（AB）工艺B段曝气池进水,投加硫酸铝（AS）和聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）进行化学除磷小试实验,考察了不同投药量下总磷、COD、氨氮和浊度的去除效果,确定了最佳投药量以及化学法和生物法在去除总磷、氨氮、COD和浊度等方面的相互关系。结果表明,AS和PAM复配对B段污水中总磷有很好的去除效果,AS投加量（以Al2O3计）为9.45mg/L,PAM为0.05mg/L时,TP、COD、氨氮和浊度去除率平均为89.2%、37.7%、71.6%和2.41%。曝气过程中投加AS和PAM复配化学强化除磷,总磷、COD、浊度去除率分别提高了7.3～59.2%、5.0～20.3%、10.9～34.7%,但不能提高氨氮的去除率;在溶解氧足够时,本研究投加量范围的AS和PAM的加入对硝化作用无影响;后置混凝对TP、COD、浊度的去除效果优于同步混凝,但需增加混凝沉淀设备,因此同步混凝更适合于于AB工艺的化学强化除磷改造。     

生物-生态优化组合工艺处理城市污水试验

针对我国南方城市污水碳源含量低、营养盐含量高的特点,以生物-生态优化组合工艺对其进行高效的脱氮除磷,试验规模为100 m3.d-1.试验中,根据全年进水特征和单元工艺特性合理分配两段污染物负荷,调节单元工况参数,优化组合两段工艺,达到生物处理段灵活、高效性和生态处理段低耗、稳定性的最佳结合.研究表明,优化工况组合中,化学耗氧量COD去除率90%、总氮去除率60%~80%、总磷去除率99%,出水COD、总磷等指标满足国家地表水环境Ⅳ类标准.     

硅藻土强化ALB工艺处理重庆小城镇生活污水

考察了硅藻土强化ALB工艺对重庆城镇生活污水的处理效果,并研究了硅藻土的最佳投加量。结果表明,硅藻土强化ALB工艺能较好地提高出水水质,COD、氨氮、总氮、总磷的去除效果均有不同程度的加强。各项水污染物质去除率随硅藻土投加量的增加,总体上呈先增加后减少的趋势,最适投加量为30 mg/L,出水中COD、氨氮、总氮均达到了排放一级A标准,总磷达到了排放一级B标准。硅藻土作为ALB工艺的混凝剂经济可行,效果良好。     

序批式反应器脱氮除磷工艺的实验研究

为提高污水脱氮除磷的效率,降低运行成本,对SBR脱氮除磷工艺进行了研究.采用"进水-搅拌-曝气-沉淀-排泥-闲置"的SBR运行模式,在运行工况下通过对COD、氨氮、总磷去除效果的考察来探讨污泥质量浓度、缺氧/好氧时间、p H、溶解氧与脱氮除磷和有机物去除之间的关系,并确定最佳运行条件.实验结果表明,当污泥质量浓度为3 255 mg/L,脱氮除磷效果最好,COD、总磷、氨氮的去除率分别为73.33%、98.90%、85.90%;缺氧阶段p H先快速下降后缓慢下降,聚磷菌大量释磷,在厌氧2.5 h释磷效果达到最佳;在好氧阶段,溶解氧控制在1.05~1.09 mg/L,结合实际情况确定最佳好氧时间为4.0 h.     

高原环境下城镇污水一体化氧化沟工艺优化与工程效果分析

以贵州某高原环境下城镇污水一体化氧化沟工艺优化提标工艺段COD、氨氮、硝氮、总氮、总磷的含量变化作为检测分析指标,结果表明:改进优化后的氧化沟工艺,COD去除率为79.3%,COD去除率较改造前增加了3.4%;氨氮总体去除率为60.1%,较改造前去除率增加了4.0%;硝氮去除率为56.4%,较改造前增加了10.5%;总氮去除率为59.2%,较改造前增加了5.4%;总磷改造后去除率为81%,较改造前增加了13.8%。工艺技改优化后的脱氮除磷效果有较显著提高。     

基质组配、填充方式及水力负荷对生态滤坝净化效果的影响

为提升生态滤坝净化能力，选取砾石、沸石、陶粒、蛭石4种基质，进行基质组配、填充方式及水力负荷等多情景下的污染物(COD、氨氮、总磷)去除效果试验。试验结果表明：砾石+陶粒组配方式去除COD效果最好，而去除氨氮和总磷效果最好的组配方式是砾石+沸石；砾石和沸石均匀混合有利于COD的去除，而砾石在前沸石在后的填充方式是去除氨氮和总磷最高效的填充方式；随着水力负荷的增大，3种填充方式下COD和总磷的去除率均呈现递减趋势，均匀混合填充方式下氨氮的去除率呈现递减趋势而分层填充方式下氨氮的去除率呈现先增大后减小趋势。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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