三维编织炭纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的吸湿特性

为了研究三维编织复合材料的吸湿行为,利用树脂传递模塑（RTM）工艺制备了三维编织炭纤维增强环氧树脂（C3D／EP）复合材料．通过吸水实验,研究了该材料的吸湿规律、温度对吸湿的影响以及吸湿过程中复合材料力争陛能的变化．结果表明：C3D／EP复合材料吸湿初期符合Fick扩散定律,但整个吸湿行为可用Sigmoidal曲线来描述;温度可加速C3D/EP复合材料的吸湿速率,并使平衡吸湿量提高;在吸湿过程中,C3D／EP复合材料的弯曲强度随吸湿时间的延长而下降,先快后慢,与吸湿曲线相对应,而且温度越高,下降越明显,表明吸湿量的大小决定了力学性能的降低程度．     

壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石复合骨修复材料的制备及细胞相容性初步研究

采用原位沉析法以壳聚糖(CS)为基体,乙酸钙及磷酸作为钙磷源制备壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石(CS/HA)复合棒材,并用三聚磷酸钠(TPP)-磷酸钠(TSP)混合溶液进行交联.通过燃烧试验、FTIR、XRD、TEM和弯曲强度测试对材料进行理化表征,MTT法检测材料的细胞相容性.燃烧试验结果表明,无机成分均匀分散于CS中,FTIR、XRD和TEM测试结果证实原位生成HA.经弯曲强度测试,复合材料弯曲强度达133 MPa,弯曲模量6.8 GPa.MTT实验结果表明,材料可以促进成骨细胞增殖,具有良好的细胞相容性.所制得的CS/HA 复合棒材力学性能得到很大提高,并且具有良好的细胞相容性,有望作为一种新型的骨折内固定材料.     

3D C/SiC复合材料的力学性能

对三维四向编织结构炭纤维增强碳化硅基复合材料的弯曲、断裂韧性和拉伸性能进行研究,利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察材料的断口形貌,获得该材料主要的力学性能及破坏规律.研究结果表明:三维C/SiC复合材料具有较高的弯曲强度和断裂韧性,最高值分别为465 MPa和15.1 MPa·m1/2;界面结合适中的材料纤维与纤维束被大量拔出,表现出较好的假塑性断裂特征;材料的拉伸强度最高达到168 MPa:材料在拉伸过程中,其纤维束在外力作用下向受力的轴向靠拢,纤维束间的夹角减少,材料总应变增加.     

电泳沉积海藻酸钠/碳纳米管修饰高模碳纤维表面

采用纳米材料增加碳纤维(CF)的表面粗糙度及活性官能团,不仅可以改善CF增强复合材料的界面结合状态,而且不会对CF本体造成损伤,是一种极具发展潜力的新型CF表面改性手段。使用电泳沉积技术(EPD)将碳纳米管(CNTs)沉积在高模CF表面,然后与环氧树脂(EP)复合,制备了单向纤维增强层压板(CF/EP复合材料)。使用万能拉力机测试CF/EP复合材料的层间剪切强度(ILSS),结果表明,在电压为6 V时制备的CF/EP复合材料的ILSS为58.9 MPa,与未经EPD处理的CF/EP复合材料(ILSS=52.2 MPa)相比提高了12.8%。同时,通过EPD制备了海藻酸钠与CNTs共沉积修饰的高模CF,海藻酸钠的加入增加了CNTs与CF表面的黏附性及氧含量,提高了纤维表面对树脂基体的浸润性。当CNTs的质量浓度为0.3 mg/mL、海藻酸钠的质量浓度为1 mg/mL、EPD电压为8 V时,所制备的CF/EP复合材料的ILSS可达68.3 MPa,与未经EPD处理的CF/EP复合材料相比提高了30.8%。     

编织结构三维仿真及其对C/SiC复合材料性能的影响

以连续碳纤维增强的碳化硅复合材料为研究对象,利用计算机仿真技术实现了纤维预制体结构的三维仿真;同时采用CVD PIP联合工艺制备了2.5D与三维四向2种结构的C/SiC复合材料,研究了预制体结构与复合材料力学性能之间的关系。结果表明:三维四向编织结构C/SiC复合材料的x向弯曲强度达到399.2 MPa,层间剪切强度达到38.1 MPa,断裂韧性达到16.0 MPa.m1/2,各项力学性能均高于2.5D编织结构的C/SiC复合材料的力学性能。     

C/C复合材料弯曲性能数值模拟与试验验证

对C/C复合材料在弯曲载荷下的性能进行了试验研究和有限元数值模拟研究。试验中,沿两个加载方向分别测试了C/C复合材料的弯曲性能,绘制了试验件的载荷位移曲线并给出了损坏试验件的微观照片。在有限元模拟中,采用了Linde失效准则来进行模拟,预测了C/C复合材料在垂直于纤维方向上的弯曲强度。有限元模拟结果与试验结果相比,误差为3.56%。最后分析了C/C复合材料在弯曲载荷作用下的损伤破坏机理。C/C复合材料受到弯曲载荷时,发生破坏的主要原因是轴向纤维在拉伸应力下达到强度极限而破坏。纤维损伤主要出现于0度纤维层的中间部分,而基体的损伤分布情况范围较广,主要集中于上表面和试件的中间部分。     

生物医用聚乳酸纤维增强壳聚糖棒材

利用原位沉析法制备了聚乳酸纤维/壳聚糖复合棒材,对复合棒材的微观形貌、力学性能进行了表征.有机聚乳酸纤维和有机壳聚糖基体具有良好的相容性,纤维表面还会因氢键等作用和基体产生物理吸附及一定的分子链缠结,SEM结果表明,纤维与基体间形成了良好的界面作用.复合棒材因聚乳酸纤维的加入有效地提高了弯曲强度和模量.当添加8%(质量分数)11 mm长的纤维时,复合材料弯曲强度达到108.9 MPa,比壳聚糖提高了54.9%,复合棒材弯曲模量达到4.74 GPa,比壳聚糖提高了170.9%.聚乳酸纤维和壳聚糖均具有良好的生物相容性和可降解性,这种复合材料在可吸收内固定材料方面将具有广阔的用途.     

CVI-RMI法制备C/SiC复合材料的微观结构与弯曲性能

以T700炭纤维准三维编织针刺整体毡为预制体,在炭纤维表面CVI预沉积热解炭涂层,利用化学气相渗透-反应熔体浸渗法(CVI-RMI)制备C/SiC复合材料,观察材料的微观形貌,并探讨界面对弯曲性能的影响。研究结果表明:利用CVI-RMI联合工艺制备的C/SiC复合材料致密度高,开孔率较小(10%),基体分布均匀;材料弯曲强度达133 MPa,呈逐层破坏机制,表现出良好的假塑性;热解炭涂层与CVI-SiC基体减少了RMI工艺过程对炭纤维的损伤,且热解炭涂层调节了炭纤维与基体之间的界面结合状况,有利于纤维的拔出。     

3D打印PLLA/HA复合组织工程骨支架及性能表征

为了解决羟基磷灰石(HA)骨支架降解难的问题,本研究通过在HA骨支架中加入具有良好降解性能的聚左旋乳酸(PLLA)来调节其降解速度.采用3D打印挤出成型设备制备出PLLA/HA复合多孔骨支架,探究不同PLLA质量分数下复合组织工程骨支架抗压强度、亲水性、降解率以及细胞毒性的变化.实验结果表明:五组不同材料配比的复合骨支...     

填充剂对二维C／C复合材料室温力学性能的影响

主要研究了在CVI法制备C/C复合材料工艺中,热解炭粉、石墨粉、SiC粉填充二维C/C复合材料的力学性能变化规律,详细分析了加入填充剂前后材料的弯曲强度、拉伸强度、模量及Ⅱ型层间裂纹扩展能的变化机理,研究结果表明：在C/C复合材料中加入这3种填料后均使材料的强度有所下降,但是采用石墨粉及热解炭粉填充二维C/C复合材料可以显著提高复合材料的层间结合性能,由于填充的热解炭粉与基体材料在分子及晶体结构上的相似性,加入热解炭粉填充C/C复合材料使层间结合性能提高最显著,强度损失也最小,并且使材料的弯曲断裂呈现脆性断裂特征。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the