考虑多故障同发的可重构机械臂分散主动容错控制

针对含有传感器故障及执行器故障的可重构机械臂系统的轨迹跟踪问题,提出一种基于滑模观测器的分散主动容错控制方法。通过引入一个新增状态将传感器故障等效为执行器故障,针对新系统构造滑模观测器,并用模糊神经网络去逼近可重构机械臂各关节间的非线性项及关联项,进而实现对不同类型传感器故障及执行器故障的重构。最后对2个不同构型的三自由度可重构机械臂进行仿真。研究结果表明:该方法不需进行故障诊断,通过实时重构故障,能够及时实现主动容错控制。仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

执行器故障下临近空间飞行器容错控制重构

临近空间飞行器飞行条件复杂、气动环境恶劣，极易导致飞行器舵面出现故障，容错控制是保证飞行器安全运行的关键，对此提出了一种基于观测器-控制器的有限时间高精度容错控制重构策略．首先，为提高容错控制的精确性，在故障影响下飞行器姿态模型基础上，设计了双层快速自适应滑模观测器，实现对包含故障、干扰等在内的综合干扰有限时间估计，避免了传统自适应增益的过估计，从而有效提高观测器估计精度；进一步基于观测器估计值设计容错控制器，获得故障影响下的期望控制力矩，实现飞行姿态的有限时间容错控制．其次，针对故障时气动舵面实际提供的控制力矩难以满足期望值的问题，引入推力矢量喷管作为补充执行器．考虑故障舵面特性，采用基于二次规划的最优控制分配策略，将期望力矩合理分配到气动舵面及矢量喷管上，通过矢量喷管补偿故障舵面力矩损失，实现执行器故障下控制重构.最后，通过数值仿真验证了所设计观测器的优越性，并验证了所提出容错控制重构策略的有效性．     

一种双故障情形的主动滑模容错控制方法

针对非线性系统发生多故障情形的主动容错控制,利用平衡学习的CMAC神经网络作为故障诊断的手段,在线估计故障函数,用滑模控制算法进行容错控制律的在线重构,实现非线性系统主动容错控制。以一双故障模式为例进行仿真,结果证明所提方法有效。     

一类多变量传感器故障容错PID控制器的设计与应用

针对一类多变量非线性系统的传感器故障,提出了一种新型的基于神经网络模型的故障容错PID控制方法.该方法应用加权移动平均残差技术对传感器故障进行检测,并利用神经网络建模技术在线重构故障传感器信号,重组PID控制器反馈回路,实现容错PID控制.通过在三水箱过程设立多种不同类型的传感器故障,进行仿真研究.仿真研究结果表明,所提出的故障检测与容错控制策略具有很强的鲁棒性和容错能力.     

面向复杂电磁环境的容错电路系统设计技术

为解决复杂电磁环境中冗余容错电路系统容错形式单一、容错能力有限、冗余单元利用不充分和可靠性低等问题,提出了一种新颖的交互式-协同故障容错(ICFT)技术。根据整个电路系统预期输出信号,利用硬件本身冗余无故障单元替换故障单元。结合硬件演化(EHW)和补偿平衡技术(RBT),当冗余无故障单元不足时,采用被动式ICFT技术对既有故障实现容错。当采用被动式ICFT技术失败时,采用主动式ICFT技术,通过注入故障并重新分配子电路功能实现容错。仿真结果表明:与常规冗余容错(CRFT)和硬件演化(EHW)相结合的技术CRFT-EHW相比,采用ICFT技术能够容忍的工作电路最大故障单元累积量为41个,远大于采用CRFT-EHW技术时的16个。     

卫星Stewart隔振平台高可靠性设计及容错控制

介绍了卫星Stewart隔振平台,此隔振平台由6根作动杆组成,可以隔离卫星本体的挠性振动和外部干扰,为有效载荷提供超静力学环境;分析了该Stewart隔振平台高可靠性构型设计,基于牛顿-欧拉法推导了雅克比矩阵,设计了正交解耦构型;分析了作动杆发生故障时的情况,并结合其动力学模型,重构解耦矩阵,实现了容错控制,提高了隔振平台的可靠性.在某卫星上进行了仿真实验,结果表明本文所提的解耦设计和容错控制方法是有效的.     

混合动力汽车电机驱动系统传感器故障重构控制

针对混合动力汽车感应电机驱动系统可能存在的传感器故障模式,设计了一个主动容错重构控制系统.该系统能充分利用无故障的传感器信息,最大限度地维持驱动系统的控制性能,并在重构切换过程中,考虑电机转矩和转速的平滑过渡问题.此外,为提高车用感应电机驱动系统的性能,基于传统磁场定向控制(FOC)思想设计出一种新型鲁棒性PI控制器来实现电机转矩跟踪;利用滑模控制技术,设计了转子磁链-速度自适应观测器.为进一步提高交流电流传感器故障状态下电机驱动系统的容错能力,提出了用直流电流重构交流相电流的新思路.仿真研究表明,在发生传感器故障时,所设计的电机驱动系统仍能有效地保证车辆行驶过程中的转矩和速度跟踪性能以及系统的稳定性.     

基于OGSA的网格服务容错框架的研究和应用

开放网格服务体系结构(OGSA)中的服务容错需要可扩展的、灵活的容错框架,能够支持容错策略与应用程序的分离.针对这一需求,提出了一种基于OGSA的层次式容错处理框架.框架能根据不同服务质量需要灵活设置故障处理策略,选择不同容错机制;在此框架下,实现了基于服务实例池的热备份以及基于服务检查点的服务重构等容错机制.该容错框架及机制应用于HUSTgrid平台,较好地满足了网格服务的容错需要,并在应用系统CoGIS中得到了验证.     

一种智能容错控制方法

讨论了当控制系统出现执行器故障时的一种容错控制方法。该方法中的故障检测器由神经网络构成,而容错控制器则采用控制器重构方式设计,以使故障系统的性能尽可能与正常系统的性能相同。此外,对于具有某类非线性干扰的线性系统,采用了由神经网络构成的非线性控制器,以消除其非线性干扰,仿真结果表明该方法是有效的。     

考虑重构切换瞬态特性的新型容错控制器设计

基于容错控制系统因重构控制切换而引起故障后系统瞬态特性要求的考虑,提出针对执行机构故障的一种新型容错控制器设计的方法.其基本思路是将基于参考模型的自适应调节机构集成于容错控制器的设计.该设计方法一方面保证了重构控制器切换时具备良好的瞬态性能,同时也保障了故障发生时和发生后系统的安全性.仿真实例验证了该设计方法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that