物理化学实验教学的绿色化

在物理化学实验教学中树立绿色化学实验理念,是贯彻科学发展观,保护学生身体健康,保护环境,节约化学实验资源,提高办学效益,培养学生环境保护观念的重要举措。物理化学实验教学中可以通过化学实验微型化;化学实验废气、废液、废渣"零排放";以及用多媒体教学演示或仿真化学实验来实现绿色化学实验教学,树立绿色化学实验理念。     

在城市环境中实施绿色化学的探讨

结合绿色化学的特点及其研究结果 ,从生活垃圾的产业化处理 ,新技术、新方法的应用 ,绿色工艺的实施以及绿色化学的合成路线设计和实验等几个方面探讨了在城市环境中如何贯彻并实施绿色化学 .提出学校和科研机构、工厂企业等依据自身特点控制污染源 ,实现“零排放”相应措施 .     

浅谈在实验教学中绿色化学意识的培养

目前绿色化学的发展、教育和研究在全球范围内正如火如荼地开展,绿色化学是人类和自然和谐的化学,其最大的特点在于它是在始端就实现污染预防的科学手段,使其过程和终端均为零排放或零污染。在当前形势下,作为中学化学教育工作者,如何把绿色化学教育贯穿于中学化学实验教学的全过程之中,是一个新的研究课题。结合新教材及当前教学改革,谈谈本人在化学实验教学中培养学生绿色化学     

大学无机化学实验中"三废"的绿色化处理

分析了目前我国高校无机化学实验中“三废”的处理现状，以绿色化学“零排放”的思想提出了预先处理、分类收集、回收再用、集站式处理的“三废”处理原则。     

环境资源与绿色化学综合利用

绿色化学是指化学反应和过程以“原子经济性”为基本原则,即在获取新物质的化学反应中充分利用参与反应的每个原料原子,实现“零排放”。本文阐述了实现绿色化学的几个方面,对资源的合理充分利用和环境保护方面具有重要的作用。     

绿色化学及其技术的现实意义

化学工业给人类的生产生活提供了丰富的化学产品,但与此同时也造成了严重的环境污染。为了解决因化学工业生产给环境造成的污染问题,保障人与自然和谐发展,推动人类社会的全面、协调、可持续发展,绿色化学应运而生。绿色化学是化学工业生产行业的新理念,它从源头上阻止化学工业生产对环境所造成的污染,在工业生产初期就运用科学的预防污染手段,实现化学工业生产污染物零排放,绿色化学对于环境保护和治理及资源节约具有深远的现实意义。     

绿色催化反应过程

绿色化学在传统的化学工业中引起了一场绿色革命,成为当今的环保趋势,迫使化学工业调整传统的思维方式和研究方向。本文从多尺度的角度对多步反应一步化和为实现零排放化工过程的纳米尺度反应过程绿色集成系统进行了论述。     

前景广阔的绿色能源电动汽车

汽车尾气排放对人、自然和社会的危害是多方面和多层次的，一氧化碳、氮氧化物、苯并芘等直接对行人、城市居民的呼吸系统有雾、噪声、灰尘、“温室效应”、石油泄漏等等破坏了生态环境。面对日趋严重的污染态势，人们呼唤绿色能源环保汽车的到来。绿色能源环保汽车将应运而生所谓绿色能源环保汽车，就是对环境无污染的环保型能源的“绿色汽车”，或者叫零排放汽车（ZeroE-missionVehicle）。目前能符合零排放的汽车只有电动汽车了。电动汽车具有无污染、低噪声的特点。绿色能源电动汽车有三种主要形式：充电的蓄电池电动汽车、太阳能电池…     

COD绿色测定方法的研究

传统的K2Cr2O7法测定COD，虽然准确度高，但费时，每测定一个样品长达4小时，且采用HgSO4掩蔽Cl-干扰，在监测环境的同时，又给环境带来二次污染。采用江苏电分析仪器厂生产的HH-3型化学耗氧量测定仪测定COD，每测定一个样品只需30分钟，改用AgNO3排除Cl-干扰，具有测定速度快、准确度高、指示终点可靠，实现了无污染的零排放，是一种难得的绿色测定技术。     

绿色有机合成的方法与途经

传统的化学合成方法已经对整个人类赖以生存的生态环境造成了严重的污染和破坏.多年来治理污染的经验告诉我们,只注重末端治理的方法投资大、收效小,污染治理的观念已经由末端治理升华到以预防为主.近年来,可持续发展的理念得到了足够重视,提出了与传统治理污染不同的"绿色化学"概念,它是从源头解决污染问题的一门科学.绿色化学时代的到来对有机合成化学提出了新的要求,它强调反应的原子经济性和选择性,原子经济性即是在获取新物质的转化过程中充分利用每个原料的原子,实现"零排放",它可以充分利用资源又不产生污染.绿色有机合成主要有以下几个途径.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that