阳离子絮凝剂PDA用于污泥脱水处理的过程优化研究

该文报道了阳离子絮凝剂PDA在城市生活污水的污泥脱水处理中的过程优化研究。以处理后上清液的COD Cr、透过率和絮团的尺寸大小、含水率为指标，对2种类型污水的不同浓度污泥进行系统的PDA投加量试验，并与参照样F4的试验结果作对比。实验结果表明，任一种絮凝剂的最佳投加量与污泥浓度均有很大的关系。当控制污泥浓度为1．6％左右时，絮凝剂PDA和F4的投加量均达到最小值，相应的药剂与绝干污泥量的质量分数分别为0．787‰和2．03‰。此时污泥处理的药剂成本最小、最经济。     

带式压滤机的结构设计及运行管理

随着我国经济的不断发展，污水处理事业取得了长足进展，但污水处理中的污泥处理与处置技术还略显不足。污泥脱水是污泥处理过程中的重要环节，主要指将流态污泥（经过或未经过浓缩）转化为固态的湿污泥。污泥的含水率由90％以上降至60-80％左右，常用的脱水法分为自然脱水和机械脱水法，机械脱水主要由真空过滤法和压滤法、离心法。     

板式电凝聚强化市政污水处理厂剩余污泥脱水的研究

研究了板式电凝聚对市政污水处理厂剩余污泥脱水性能的影响。结果表明,影响板式电凝聚的重要因素是电流强度、极板间距和通电时间。所确定出的最佳条件为电流强度0．4A、极板间距50mm、通电时间9min、PAM加药量1kg、干污泥9g、加药搅拌时间100s、加药搅拌速度80r／min和搅拌速度140r／min。在此条件下。泥饼含水率降低到78．66％。比高碑店现场采用的脱水方法所得污泥含水率降低了6．34％。     

吸附分离辅助下污水污泥的电脱水技术

电脱水（EDW）技术是一种污水污泥深度脱水技术，有利于降低干化过程中的热能消耗．以电脱水阴极侧水分的分离方式为研究重点，通过添加吸水材料，将水分由重力分离转变为吸附分离来提高脱水效率．同时，考察了电压和机械压力等操作条件的影响，并给出了不同工况组合的脱水效果．结果表明，添加吸水材料后，污泥最终含水率及脱水能耗明显降低，且选择合适的电压、机械压力及阴极形式对电脱水有利．在50V、21kPa条件下对于阴极58gm（250目）不锈钢网，电脱水90S可将污泥含水率由82．7％降至56．10％．     

两性聚丙烯酰胺在污泥脱水中的应用

由丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚物进行曼尼兹反应，制备出两性高分子累凝剂CPMA，研究了它在污泥脱水中的絮凝特性。实验结果表明，向生化处理产生的剩余污泥中投加相当于污泥量0．8％的CPMA，在5×10－2Pa真空度下过滤，污泥含水率由99．3％下降为69％，污泥体积降为原体积的1／44，燃烧热值提高44．3倍，污泥比阻下降，且滤液澄清，透光性好。     

PAM-AA与金属离子复合絮凝剂的合成及其在污泥脱水中的应用

以丙烯酰胺(AM)、 丙烯酸(AA)和硫酸铝为原料， 采用水溶液聚合法合成Al³⁺复合高分子絮凝剂（PAM-AA）. 通过正交实验确定最佳聚合条件为： m(AM)∶m(AA）=5∶3， 反应温度为65 ℃， 搅拌时间5 h， 引发剂的加入量占单体质量3%， 产率可达96.3%. 在此基础上合成Ca²⁺，Mg²⁺和Fe³⁺复合高分子絮凝剂， 利用红外光谱（IR）、 X射线衍射（XRD）、 扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等方法对产物的结构和形貌进行表征. 将复合高分子絮凝剂与杀菌剂N，N-二甲基十二烷基苄基氯化铵（1227）用于市政生活污泥脱水中， 通过滤饼含水率和污泥比阻， 对比研究聚合氯化铝（PAC）、 PAM-AA和硫酸铝机械混合物以及Al³⁺复合高分子絮凝剂对市政污泥脱水性能的影响. 结果表明， Al³⁺复合高分子絮凝剂与1227协同使用， 可使污泥滤饼含水率降至63.8%， 效果较好.      

剩余活性污泥的超声脱水处理

分析了剩余活性污泥的超声脱水情况.研究了处理时间、电功率、pH值和絮凝剂在超声作用下的污泥脱水情况.结果表明:污泥的脱水应在低功率(以50 W为例)、短时间(7 min)内进行,最高的脱水率(相对于未超声而言)可增加约16%.酸性污泥有利于超声脱水,且先超声处理再将污泥调成酸性,污泥脱水率最高可达23%(相对于原污泥).絮凝剂和超声也有利于污泥脱水,但脱水率仅为16%.     

壳聚糖絮凝剂对污泥脱水性能的影响研究

壳聚糖絮凝剂对污泥脱水性能有显著的影响且无毒害,通常可作为污水处理厂污泥脱水的添加剂.本文以某市污水处理厂剩余污泥为对象,研究了壳聚糖絮凝剂对污泥脱水性能的影响.初步实验表明,在l00mL剩余污泥中投加浓度为6g/L的壳聚糖溶液6mL时可达到污泥的最小含水率,为70.42%;污泥中有机质含量、含水率、SV30随絮凝剂投...     

含油污泥复合调理方案研究简

对石化企业污水处理厂含油污泥脱水性能进行研究,首先使用石油醚对其进行油水分离处理,真空抽滤后,测试滤饼的含水率,以含水率作为判别指标.探究生物质、臭氧和超声调理3种方式,单一及复合调理对污泥脱水性能的影响.结果表明:3种方式单一调理最佳参数,先进行臭氧化,臭氧的最佳投加量为0.1g/g,滤饼含水率为82.45%;再进行超声处理,28kHz时间超声波作用最佳为2min,滤饼含水率为74.61%;生物质与污泥干物质量比为2.5%时,滤饼含水率为62.7%;复合调理参数为臭氧投加量0.1g/g,超声波时间2min,生物质与污泥干质比为2%时,滤饼的含水率达到59.76%.复合调理效果优于单一调理,调理后污泥能够自持燃烧.     

助滤剂强化剩余污泥脱水技术研究

研究了不同类型助滤剂对城市污水处理厂剩余污泥的脱水效果。研究发现,单加无机型助滤剂对剩余污泥的脱水效果优于有机型和表面活性剂型助滤剂,但是沉降性较差。助滤剂ST和阳离子PAM的复配可以大幅度降低泥饼的含水率。当ST用量为2g／L、阳离子PAM用量为0.3％时,泥饼的含水率为75．36％,与不加助滤剂相比,泥饼的含水率降低了12．99％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that