利用安徽省地方生铁开发铸态球墨铸铁研究

1 引言 铸态球铁是指不经专门热处理而在铸态下直接达到使用性能要求的球墨铸铁。铸态球铁与退火高韧性球铁或正火珠光体球铁相比有如下优点:(1)省去热处理工序,降低能耗,节约能源;(2)简化生产工序,缩短生产周期,提高劳动生产率;(3)节省热处理设备投资,缩短热处理和清理工时;(4)防止热处理时的氧化、脱碳和变形,降低废品率。铸态球铁的这些优点已引起铸造界的广泛重视,70年     

利用地方生铁半连续铸造球铁直管的研究

总结了在小型企业利用地方生铁半连续铸造铸态球墨铸铁直管的研究结果。研究了管材的化学成分、铁水处理工艺、结晶器长度、管壁厚度、浇孔参数和铸造缺陷对半连铸铸态球铁直管的组织、铸造质量和力学性能的影响;得出了适合小型企业的工艺方法。用此法制造的铸态球铁直管强度高(σ_b400—440 MPa)、有一定的塑性(δ1.25％—2.25％)、能承受大的水压(≥3.9MPa)。     

加锡和加锰铸态珠光体球铁曲轴的初步研究

本文介绍了加锡和加锰铸态珠光体球铁的试验结果;讨论了锡和锰对铸态和热处理后球铁组织和性能的影响;并简述了锡的作用机理。在此基础上,初步确定了符合QT70—2—1.5机械性能要求的290型柴油机曲轴的化学成份和生产工艺。     

锰系球墨铸铁成分、组织与性能的研究

应用铸态淬火研究了碳量（２．５～４．０％）、硅量（２．５～３．５％）、锰量（０．５～５．５％） 对球墨铸铁组织与性能的影响。结果表明，锰含量增加。试样中针状组织减少，残余奥氏体　增 多、碳化物也增多．低硅时锰对碳化物数量、中硅时锰对残余奥氏体数量影响突出。针状组织数 量及针状组织含碳量对硬度影响较大。适当的碳量可使试样中石墨球、碳化物、针状组织有较佳 的配合，具有较好的综合机械性能。     

成分、工艺和组织对铸态球墨铸铁低温韧性的影响

介绍了国内相关的低温高韧性球铁的标准,探讨了化学成分、铸造工艺和显微组织对铸态球墨铸铁低温韧性的影响,研究确定了铸态低温韧性球墨铸铁的成分和铸造工艺,生产出符合风电行业和其他低温环境条件下使用的球墨铸铁件.     

钒钛中锰球铁磨球材质分析

本文分析了钒钛中锰球铁磨球的铸态组织特征,讨论了化学成分及冷却速度对其铸态组织的影响,提出了本材质磨球生产工艺参数控制范围。     

铸态奥氏体贝氏体球铁的初步实验研究

探讨了在高碳和高碳当量(C·E≈4.7％)的情况下,生产铸态奥贝球铁的可能性。在铜钼加入量一定时,得到了降低镍加入量获得奥贝组织的极限值,得出镍是有效推迟奥氏体相交和获得贝氏体基体的元素。为了在低镍含量下获得较高强度的铸态奥氏体贝氏体球铁,探讨了加入微量硼提高基体淬透性以获得以下贝氏体为主的基体的可能性,得出微量硼是降低镍的加入量,较大幅度提高球铁的强度和硬度的有效元素。通过四元两水平正交实验法,得出镍铜钼硼在一定的配比下可获得高强度的铸态奥贝球铁。     

基体组织对薄壁铸态铁素体球铁断裂性能的影响

本文通过对铸态铁素体球铁断口特征的研究,分析了铁素体量、石墨球数和碳化物对铸态铁素体球铁断裂性能的影响,确定了产生微空洞的铁素体临界含量。文中还对临界空洞转变点及断裂本质给出了理论解释。     

铸态QT800—2球铁钎头的研制

用正交试验方法,摸索出铸态ＱＴ８００－２球铁钎头的配方和工艺参数,用冲天炉熔融ＱＴ８００－２,代替原ＱＴ６００－２制作的钎头,使用寿命提高３０％－４０％,经济效益显著,铜和钼是获得高强度铸态球铁的重要元素,其含量分别为０．８％和０．４％时为最佳。     

稀土对硅锰耐磨铸钢铸造性能的影响

本文所课题通过在硅锰铸钢中加入一定量的稀土合金，来研究稀土在硅锰钢中的作用。结果表明：硅锰钢中加入０．１５％稀土合金后，其铸造性能得到了改善。铸态组织大大细化，从而发展稀土铸钢奠定了基础。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.