1,8-辛二胺作为结构导向剂合成ZSM-11分子筛

ZSM-11是重要的固体酸催化剂,在石油化工领域应用广泛,因此,ZSM-11的高效合成备受关注.采用1,8-辛二胺(DAOT)作为结构导向剂,用水热法在较宽范围内成功地合成了不含ZSM-5杂晶的ZSM-11分子筛.研究了水平转速、晶化温度、晶化时间以及硅铝比对ZSM-11分子筛制备的影响.在不同的合成条件下,得到了不同的晶体尺寸、形貌以及不同结晶度的ZSM-11分子筛.样品晶粒通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)进行表征.研究拓展了ZSM-11的高效合成方法,得到了ZSM-11分子筛的最佳合成条件为水平转速50r/min,160℃晶化48h.     

超细Fe-ZSM-5分子筛的原位合成及其甲醇制丙烯性能

采用干凝胶法原位合成出颗粒粒径约为50～120 nm且含骨架杂原子的超细Fe-ZSM-5分子筛,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、紫外-可见光光谱仪(UV-Vis)、氨的程序升温脱附(NH₃-TPD)、吡啶吸附红外光谱(Py-FT-IR)和N₂吸附-脱附等手段对样品进行表征。结果表明：原位添加的Fe源不仅可以降低分子筛颗粒粒径,还能降低分子筛酸强度;原位合成的Fe-ZSM-5分子筛中Fe物种主要以四配位骨架Fe³⁺存在,其余以低聚的FeO_x以及Fe₂O₃颗粒存在,而浸渍法制备的Fe/ZSM-5分子筛中Fe物种主要以后2种形式存在;Fe改性调变了ZSM-5分子筛的酸性质,从而提高了MTP反应产物丙烯的选择性;与负载型Fe/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂相比,原位改性的含骨架杂原子超细Fe-ZSM-5分子筛催化剂由于具有更小的晶粒粒径和适宜的酸性质,从而进一步提高了丙烯选择性。     

整体式Pd/ZSM-5/Cordierite催化剂的制备及其低浓度甲烷燃烧催化性能

以蜂窝状堇青石(Cordierite)为载体,采用聚乙烯醇纤维(PVA)溶液辅助涂覆法制备了整体式Pd/ZSM-5/Cordierite催化剂;利用XRD、N2物理吸附、SEM和XPS等手段对催化剂的结构和性质进行了表征。将该催化剂用于低浓度甲烷催化燃烧,研究了PVA溶液浓度、活性组分负载方式和Pd负载量等因素对Pd/ZSM-5/Cordierite催化剂活性涂层稳定性及低浓度甲烷燃烧催化性能的影响。结果表明,以质量分数为3%的PVA溶液制备的分子筛浆料进行涂层涂覆,所得到的整体式催化剂活性涂层具有良好的牢固度。以Pd/ZSM-5为涂层粉体、Pd整体负载量为1.12‰(质量分数,下同)时,所制备的(Pd/ZSM-5)/Cordierite催化剂具有优异的低浓度甲烷(体积分数为1%)燃烧催化性能,甲烷转化率为10%、50%和90%时的反应温度分别为271、337和385℃。此外,在不同温度下435h长周期测试实验中,该整体式(Pd/ZSM-5)/Cordierite催化剂表现出较高的抗热稳定性,表明其具有良好的低浓度甲烷燃烧处理应用前景。     

用碱处理的ZSM-5沸石合成MCM-41型结构复合分子筛的研究

以现有的工业ZSM-5作为原料，采用碱处理ZSM-5的浆液或滤液作为硅铝源，与表面活性剂在水热条件下进行自组装得到具有微孔、介孔双孔分布的MCM-41型结构复合分子筛，并采用X射线衍射、N2吸附脱附、红外光谱等测试手段对合成的样品进行了分析表征，考察了主要合成条件对分子筛性能的影响。结果表明，根据ZSM-5碱处理程度的不同，采用浆液得到的样品可能含有少量ZSM-5沸石的晶粒，但随着碱浓度升高或碱处理时间的延长，ZSM-5沸石晶粒的量逐渐减少，而采用滤液合成的样品中不存在独立的ZSM-5沸石的晶粒。     

无晶种合成ZSM-5分子筛的研究

在无晶种条件下,以水玻璃为硅源,硫酸铝为铝源,无水乙醇为有机模板剂合成ZSM-5分子筛.从晶化温度、晶化时间、模板剂用量方面考察实验条件对ZSM-5合成的影响,用X射线衍射仪进行物化表征.研究结果表明:在180℃晶化温度下,晶化时间为35h,乙醇硅比为1时,水热合成的ZSM-5分子筛结晶度最高.     

ZSM-5分子筛水热合成条件的实验研究

ZSM-5分子筛是一种孔道结构独特的硅铝酸盐晶体材料,在改善催化裂化汽油质量和提高乙烯、丙烯等低碳烯烃收率方面有重要应用。利用水热合成方法制备出亚微米级ZSM-5分子筛,并研究了水热合成条件对亚微米级ZSM-5分子筛结构特征和物化性能的影响。结果表明:在模板剂用量为25%、晶化温度为185℃、晶化时间为48 h、合成体系碱度为0.10～0.12、原料硅铝比为100的条件下,可以获得结晶度较高、晶体形貌规整、孔结构性质良好的亚微米级ZSM-5分子筛。     

模板剂用量对微波水热法制备ZSM-5分子筛的影响研究

以四丙基氢氧化铵(TPAOH)为模板剂,采用微波水热法制备ZSM-5分子筛。考察模板剂用量对微波水热法合成ZSM-5分子筛物化性质的影响,采用XRD、BET、SEM、NH3-TPD等手段对合成样品的微观结构、孔结构及表面化学性质进行分析表征,在MTO工艺中评价合成分子筛的催化性能。结果表明:模板剂用量对合成ZSM-5分子筛晶相组成、微观形貌、比表面积、孔径分布及表面酸性质具有较大的影响。改变模板剂用量会影响分子筛结晶度和孔结构,可通过模板剂用量调控制备不同酸性质ZSM-5分子筛。模板剂用量为n(TPAOH)∶n(Si O2)=0.35时,ZSM-5分子筛孔结构和表面酸性适中,形貌规整,MTO催化性能最佳,甲醇转化率为98.4%,低碳烯烃收率为75.39%。     

硅铝比对ZSM-5分子筛膜晶体形貌及其脱硫性能的影响

采用二次水热合成法合成ZSM-5分子筛膜,并用Co~(2+)进行改性。考察合成液中SiO_2与Al_2O_3摩尔比(硅铝比,25~250)对ZSM-5分子筛膜晶体形貌的影响。分别采用X线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对不同硅铝比的ZSM-5分子筛膜进行表征,以噻吩(TP)、苯并噻吩(BT)的模拟汽油测试分子筛膜的脱硫效果。结果表明:随着硅铝比的增大,ZSM-5分子筛膜的颗粒形貌逐渐规整,致密度及完整性越好;但硅铝比较大时,膜颗粒形貌不固定,较致密的分子筛膜无法进行脱硫实验。在硅铝比为100时,ZSM-5分子筛膜颗粒形状趋于规整,晶粒比较均匀,晶粒间互锁生长良好且对噻吩的脱硫率达到45%;TP-BT双组分硫化物脱硫率高于单组分;Co~(2+)改性后的ZSM-5分子筛膜脱除噻吩的效果优于未改性的分子筛膜,脱硫率达到62%。     

干胶-水蒸汽辅助晶化法合成多级孔ZSM-5分子筛

采用干胶-水蒸汽辅助晶化法,通过优化制备条件,合成了粒径约80 nm的表面多孔纳米球形ZSM-5.考察了结构导向剂质量分数、硅源、铝源、沉淀剂种类、晶核形成时间及老化温度对纳米ZSM-5晶体形貌的影响.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、N_2物理吸附-脱附及透射电子显微镜(TEM)等表征手段对合成的分子筛进行了表征.结果表明:结构导向剂的质量分数、铝源的类型和晶核形成时间均能明显影响分子筛晶体形貌;结构导向剂质量分数的降低有助于提高ZSM-5微孔结构的长程有序性;优化合成条件可制备出具有约介孔2 nm、比表面积357.1 m~2/g、由80 nm的晶粒堆积形成的多级孔ZSM-5分子筛材料.     

多级孔分子筛对中低温煤焦油催化裂解特性的影响

考察多级孔结构ZSM-5分子筛催化剂对陕北中低温煤焦油催化裂解产物分布的影响.采用不同碱源制备合成了一系列介—微孔复合的多级孔ZSM-5分子筛催化剂,以NaOH、PI、NaOH+PI和NaOH+TPAOH为碱源对ZSM-5分子筛进行选择性脱硅处理,并对煤焦油依次选用正己烷、甲苯和四氢呋喃溶剂在旋转蒸发仪上对原料进行精细...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with