网络节点(集)重要性的一种度量指标

度量网络节点(集)的重要性一直是社会网络分析领域和系统科学研究领域的一个值得研究的问题。系统科学的研究方法用网络的连通性来反映系统某种功能的完整性，通过度量节点删除对网络连通的破坏程度来反映网络节点(集)的重要性．但目前这一思想并没有得到真正意义上的量化，如果不考虑连通分支的大小和形状，就不能很好地反映出不同节点或不同网络之间在结构和位置特性上的差异。本文用节点(集)被删除后形成的所有不连通节点对之间的距离(最短路)的倒教之和来反应节点删除对网络连通的破坏程度即所删节点(集)的重要性。这一工作使重要性等价于破坏性的思想得到了精细的量化。     

科技进步与道德建设良性互动的系统分析

科技和道德都是人类社会实践活动的产物，科技进步与道德建设相辅相成、相互促进，共同构成一个良性互动的系统。用系统分析的方法探讨科技进步与道德建设的良性互动关系，并试图构建实现二者协调发展的互动机制。     

科技进步与道德建设互动系统的构建——从科普的角度看

科学技术与伦理道德都是人类社会实践活动的产物，二者相互作用，辩证统一，科技进步促进道德建设，道德建设为科技进步把握方向。在科技进步与道德建设互动系统构建及运行过程中，科普具有不可替代的作用。科普不仅可以达成公众对科学技术的理解和支持，而且可以提升全社会的道德水平，同时也为科技进步与道德建设的良性互动搭建起了一座不可或缺的桥梁。     

系统科学与复杂网络研究

从模型的角度出发，分析系统科学所讨论的几类模型，总结研究这些模型的主要概念和主要方法；依据当前复杂网络研究的实际，提出系统科学和复杂网络结合研究的思路、具体方法、应注意的问题。     

复杂科学的研究对象:非线性复杂系统

首先从系统科学的困境入手，以还原论、经验论及“纯科学”为基础的经典科学遇到难题需要吸取系统论和人精神方面发展成为新的科学即复杂科学。复杂科学的兴起是物质、生命和人类社会进化的必然。复杂科学以非线性复杂系统为研究对象，与自然科学、社会科学和思维等科学相结合，在特定的观测、实验和理论条件下，能够得到创新。     

网络科学的理论模型及其应用课题研究的若干进展

概述了“一院两校”网络科学联合项目组在复杂网络的理论模型及相关应用课题近年来的若干研究进展。首先,基于国际上三大经典的复杂网络模型（ER随机图,小世界模型和无标度模型）,结合统一混合理论框架里3个模型（和谐统一的混合择优模型、大统一混合网络模型和统一混合变速增加长模型）,提出构建、描述和评论了网络科学模型金字塔;其次,把宏观网络推进到微观网络模型（量子信息网络与纳米相干网络）;然后概述了规则网络的非局域连接模型及其相关的社区网络、属性连接的网络模型;含权科学家合作网络模型和提高网络同步能力的模型等。相关应用课题的进展包括：小世界和无标度拓扑下束流输运网络中束晕一混沌同步与控制、复杂混沌网络的多目标分区同步的控制及同步能力、多智能体网络系统、网络上的交通拥塞与路由问题、网络上的病毒传播问题、网络上的博弈问题,以及高科技企业网络等。这些进展反映和揭示了当前国内外网络科学同步发展的趋势和面临的挑战。     

Electronic support for knowledge creation in a research institute

This paper focuses on the question how to build an electronic support environment for knowledge creation in a research institute （JAIST）. In order to assess the importance of diverse conditions of scientific creativity, we performed a survey in JAIST, and extracted useful knowledge from the database of survey results. Following the analysis of the theory of academic processes of knowledge creation and the survey findings in JAIST, a computer-based integrated system is proposed. In the aspect of the system design, we postulate that an electronic support environment for academic creativity can be achieved through a seamless integration with Internet, Application Server, Middle Ware, Database and Data Warehouse. The paper addresses issues of knowledge representation in the Electronic Support System for academic research, testing and evaluation issues and conclusions.     

新媒体对审计师意见决策影响研究——以新浪微博为例

近年来,网络舆情已经成为情报学、传播学等领域研究的热点主题,新媒体是推动网络舆情出现的主要力量.新媒体舆情的形成、演化、预警、治理策略的研究较多,但是新媒体信息对特定行业人群信息决策行为的作用机理及其影响程度的研究较少.本文以新浪微博为例,利用Probit、Ordered Probit等回归模型实证分析了新媒体形成的网络舆情对审计意见决策的影响及其作用机理,以期了解和掌握新媒体对特定行业人群信息决策行为的影响,为新媒体治理和监管提供借鉴和支持.研究结果表明,审计师同时关注了新媒体发布的原创信息和转载的已有信息;新媒体发布和传播的公司负面信息越多,审计师越有可能对上市公司的年报出具非标准审计意见;新媒体负面信息缩短了公司违规被监管部门处罚的时间期限,在一定程度上增加了审计师面临的诉讼风险预期.     

基于神经网络和散射中心模型的目标参数提取

从雷达回波中获取目标几何参数信息往往存在高计算成本、非线性等困难。该文基于卷积神经网络和前馈神经网络, 提出了一种依据散射中心时频像特征的目标类型自动识别和目标几何参数自动提取方法。由于构建一个神经网络需要大量的训练数据样本, 而扩展目标的散射场计算又非常耗时, 利用基于已知目标已建立的散射中心模型, 快速生成大样本训练数据, 有效解决了训练样本难以获得的问题。以弹头类目标为例给出了数值实验结果, 证实了所提方法的有效性。     

从复杂系统科学的发展看突现与还原之争

突现与还原的关系问题是复杂系统科学哲学领域的一个重要问题。本文从突现与还原的传统论争出发,审视Jaegwon Kim这一代表性人物对突现思想提出的新挑战,进而从复杂系的突现性对这种新的挑战作出回应,阐释层次之间存在着协同进化的复杂因果关系网络,而不是简单的线性还原,突现是对还原的超越与补充。     

Estimating cross-training call center capacity through simulation

Call centers have grown world-wide during the past decade. One of the most important aspects considered by call center managers is the optimization of its operators, which implies covering the highly variable demand and finding an efficient way to assign people to certain shifts in order to achieve a desirable service level and abandonment rate. Another challenge is determining which system setup is appropriate for the specific call center. Should we have a single-skill call center or multi-skill call center? If we do have the latter, how many multi-skill agents should we have on staff? In this case study, we generate and analyze discrete-event systems simulation-optimization models to test the behavior of a real-world call center under the actual configuration and under different levels of cross-training. The model results help call center managers by: 1) determining the optimal number of operators needed for different staff configurations in order to achieve the targets for service level and abandonment; 2) providing information about the trade-off between the key measurements in the call center; and 3) providing useful information about the number of operators needed and used for each hour of operation to estimate the number of four-hour shifts required to achieve the performance targets. Our experimental findings from this case study suggest that a bi-skill call center is economically better in the long-run compared to a full-skill or single-skill call center. This case study augments the call center body of knowledge by providing additional managerial insights for the operations management community.     

从系统观整体性原则看科学技术学建设

系统观是对系统科学的概念、理论和方法进行高度抽象和概括的产物,目前已成为科学研究和技术开发中地位越来越重要的一种带有指导性的方法论。整体性原则是系统科学方法论的首要原则。本文从普遍存在的种类纷繁的系统中,抽象出科学技术学系统,通过探讨科学技术整体化发展趋势、系统整体与部分、系统内部部分与部分及系统整体与外部环境间的相互联系、相互作用论证了系统观整体性原则在科学技术学建设中的体现。     

Participatory Model Construction and Model Use in Natural Resource Management: a Framework for Reflection

In this article we propose a framework which can assist analysts in their reflection on the requirements for a participatory modelling exercise in natural resource management. Firstly, we distinguish different types of formal models which may be developed, ranging from models that focus on (bio)physical mechanisms to models which also include the actors involved in the utilisation of the resource and the social mechanisms that co-determine actor behaviour. Secondly, we consider what different modes of stakeholder participation entail for model construction and use. Finally, we propose six different purposes for a modelling exercise (clarify arguments and values, research and analyse, design and recommend, provide strategic advice, mediate, and democratise), and highlight conditions that affect the appropriateness of stakeholder participation for each purpose. The framework does not provide a straightforward recipe for the selection of participatory modelling methods, but we expect that the systematic reflection it affords will help analysts to make appropriate choices while designing a modelling exercise.     

复杂网络确定性模型研究的最新进展

复杂网络的确定性模型在复杂网络建模领域起着不可或缺的作用。按照复杂网络经典模型发展的先后次序,依次对随机图、小世界网络、无标度网络以及加权网络确定性模型的研究现状进行较全面的综述,重点介绍了相关模型的构造及其主要性质,并对复杂网络确定性模型未来的部分发展方向进行了展望。     

Global Exponential Convergence of Neutral Type Competitive Neural Networks with D Operator and Mixed Delay

Journal of Systems Science and Complexity - The models of competitive neural network (CNN) was in recent past proposed to describe the dynamics of cortical cognitive maps with unsupervised synaptic...     

自治系统层Internet建模综述

回顾了传统的Waxman模型、Transit-stub模型,然后着重介绍了最近几年提出的无标度网络模型,给出了这些模型生成Internet状网络结构的过程.最后指出目前广为使用的采用拓扑结构进行模型比较的方法可能产生的问题.     

作战仿真中基于DSP的电台及通信系统仿真研究

根据作战仿真实验室的任务需求,构造了基于TMS320F206 DSP芯片的功能仿真电台,实现了以程控交换机为联络中心的仿真通信网络,较好地模拟电台通信和无线组网通信功能,取得了良好的实验效果,并为各参与作战仿真的人员提供了有关通信的实战训练。     

Expert discovery and knowledge mining in complex multi-agent systems

Complex problem solving requires diverse expertise and multiple techniques. In order to solve such problems, complex multi-agent systems that include both of human experts and autonomous agents are required in many application domains. Most complex multi-agent systems work in open domains and include various heterogeneous agents. Due to the heterogeneity of agents and dynamic features of working environments, expertise and capabilities of agents might not be well estimated and presented in these systems. Therefore, how to discover useful knowledge from human and autonomous experts, make more accurate estimation for experts＇ capabilities and find out suitable expert（s） to solve incoming problems （＂Expert Mining＂） are important research issues in the area of multi-agent system. In this paper, we introduce an ontology-based approach for knowledge and expert mining in hybrid multi-agent systems. In this research, ontologies are hired to describe knowledge of the system. Knowledge and expert mining processes are executed as the system handles incoming problems. In this approach, we embed more self-learning and self-adjusting abilities in multi-agent systems, so as to help in discovering knowledge of heterogeneous experts of multi-agent systems.     

Network-Based Analysis for Discovering Semantic Redundancy北大核心CSCD

The efficiency of semantic reasoning can be improved through constructing the semantic ontology reasonably and reducing the redundant information in the process of reasoning. It is a feasible method to reveal the reason of the redundant information in the process of reasoning through analyzing the dynamic changes of an ontology structure and the important role of nodes in an ontology. Taking AGROVOC ontology network as an example, this paper provides qualitative analyses based on the reasoning mechanism of semantic web for understanding the redundant information. Meanwhile, some quantitative measurements from the perspective of complex network are provided in order to identify the core concepts in a semantic web, and further to solve the problem of redundant information. Experimental results show that the reasoning of semantic web and the rationality of ontology construction can be quantitatively analyzed from the perspective of complex network, which provides a new measurement to optimize the design of ontology and improve the efficiency of reasoning in the semantic web. © 2017, The Journal of Agency of Complex Systems and Complexity Science. All right reserved.