藏药雪茶的民族植物学研究

本文从民族植物学的观点介绍了藏药雪茶的文献记载、植物学形态、分布及品种、民间应用方法,论述了国内外对雪茶的化学成分、药理作用、植物资源等方面的研究状况,通过对资料的收集整理,有助于充分开发和利用这一丰富的药用民族植物资源．     

三峡民间茶俗杂谈

三峡民间茶俗表现为一种相当复杂的社会文化现象。通过对茶俗现象的考察研究，笔者认为：三峡民间茶俗属于区域性茶文化宝库中的精品，具有地方性、传承性和可欣赏性。     

松潘雪茶资源及其开发方向的探讨

本文介绍了四川省松潘县雪茶的生态环境及分布，雪茶的种类和民间饮用疗效，并提出了开发利用雪茶资源的建议。雪茶广泛生长于我国西南地区各省，。民间认为具有茶和药的功能，饮用有近千年的历史，四川松潘地区雪茶资源丰富，而该县的黄龙及毗邻的南坪县九寨沟被列为世界自然资源遗产，是旅游胜地，雪茶资源的开发对旅游业的发展和民族地区的经济振兴具有特殊意义，为此，我们对松潘雪茶进行了调查，并提出了开发利用方向。     

安徽老鹰茶产业发展现状与展望

正老鹰茶是我国南方民间传统特有的古老茶种。肖培根院士称其为"别样茶",因其不属于山茶科山茶属植物但在民间广泛用于茶饮。老鹰茶是一类值得深入研究并大力开发的别样茶,对老鹰茶进行深入系统的研究开发不仅能够促进我国茶文化多样性发展,也能推动别样茶在治未病方面发挥积极作用。老鹰茶产业是极具发展潜力的特色产业,发展老鹰茶产业不仅在传承千年民族特     

云南少数民族茶祭祀研究

云南少数民族常常以茶作为祭天祀祖的物品。作为祭品的茶,往往寄托祭祀者的深深的祝愿。文章从宗教学的角度阐述了中国茶文化和宗教仪式——祭祀之间的关系,介绍我国民间传统茶祭祀的由来以及云南少数民族茶祭祀的渊源、形式和特点,通过探讨茶祭祀这种我国独有宗教礼仪活动的理论意义、实践效应和学术价值,进而把已经和正在消失的茶叶祭祀内容挖掘出来,为的是从她曾走过的历史道路中发掘存在其中尚未实现的思想文化潜力。     

虫茶与茶虫

虫茶,是用田浦茶等植物之干叶,饲养茶虫所得的粪便,再经加工后,成为既可当饮料,又可作药用的一种茶。虫茶冲泡时释浓快,用开水冲泡释浓速度类似咖啡,且一杯虫茶可连续冲泡4—5次。虫茶颗粒圆,平均直径1—1.2毫米,色黑,结构紧凑,冲泡4、5次后,其形仍保持圆粒状。虫茶通过高温加工后,其味更芬芳(但挥发较快,需加强密封保存)。虫茶中含有活性腐植酸等,具有消炎、解毒、止血、止痛、生肌、退热等功效。我国生产与利用虫茶的历史十分悠久。早在明代,《本草纲目》中已有虫茶的记载。在湘西的通道侗族自治     

内蒙古阿拉善盟蒙古族牧民食用野果植物的民族植物学研究

报道了内蒙古阿拉善盟蒙古族牧民民间利用的８ 种野果植物及其命名、采集和食用方法．分析评价了民间利用野果植物的知识和经验     

胶■菜的制作

茶叶加工时会有大量的粗、碎及等外茶出现,印度坎普尔茶叶研究所利用这些等外茶研制出一种新颖的胶囊茶.这种胶囊茶是先将残次茶经辊压破碎至粉末状,再用对人体无害、无变态反应,且对茶叶品质无任何影响的粘结剂如海藻酸钠、褐藻胶等粘结茶粉,并挤压成细小的颗粒状.由于表面有粘结剂形成的包覆膜,故形似胶囊且可隔绝外界环境因素对茶的作用,虽长期存放,冲泡时仍能保持原先的色香味与营养价值.     

同安红茶工艺推广 造福茶农收入激增

春茶醇、夏茶色、茶要好喝还得"秋寒露",这是民间对乌龙茶的评价。历史上,同安盛产乌龙茶,并没有生产红茶的经验。同安茶农主要以制作、经营春、秋两季乌龙茶为主,制茶种类单一。茶叶制作加工受气候、时间、人力等因素影响,加工出好品质的茶叶很不容易,经济收入自然也大打折扣。红茶制作,茶叶采摘期延长,可以提早采收,这为制作好茶提供了好的气候、时间、人力条件。随着红茶市场兴     

小议神秘的中国茶

中国是最早发现和利用茶树的国家，被称为茶的祖国，文字记载表明，我们袒先在3000多年前已经开始栽培和利用茶树。茶，南方嘉本。在源远流长的中国茶文化中，茶马古道、丝茶之路以及中国最早的海外贸易莫不与茶相关相联。“茶市斯为盛，两岸人烟稠”当时茶贸易的盛况可见一斑。     

盾构机密封舱渣土非线性本构模型参数识别

根据密封舱改性渣土的三轴压缩实验数据,建立了基于优化方法的Duncan-Chang双曲线本构模型参数反演方法。为了解决参数识别反问题解的不稳定性问题,在Gauss-Newton优化迭代算法的基础上,提出了正则化参数反演方法。实际应用结果表明,所提出的反演方法具有较快的收敛速度和较强的鲁棒性,预测的实验模型变形与实验值吻合较好。     

Preparation of Al<Subscript>72</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>8</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>6</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>3</Subscript>Y<Subscript>3</Subscript> amorphous powders and bulk materials

Amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were successfully fabricated by mechanical alloying. The microstructure, glass-forming ability, and crystallization behavior of amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The isothermal crystallization kinetics was analyzed by the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation. In the results, the supercooled liquid region of the amorphous alloy is as high as 81 K, as determined by non-isothermal DSC curves. The activation energy for crystallization is as high as 312.6 kJ·mol?1 obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa analyses. The values of Avrami exponent (n) imply that the crystallization is dominated by interface-controlled three-dimensional growth in the early stage and the end stage and by diffusion-controlled two- or three-dimensional growth in the middle stage. In addition, the amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were sintered under 2 GPa at temperatures of 673 K and 723 K. The results show that the Vickers hardness of the compacted powders is as high as Hv 1215.     

Kinetic parameters of oscillating reaction of amino acid- BrO3^——Mn^2＋-H2SO4-acetone system

In the previous papers[1—3], the oscillating reactionusing amino acids as organic substrates was studied. Inorder to obtain information about the kinetic parameters ofoscillating reaction of amino acids in amino acid- BrO3 - ?Mn2 -H2SO4-acetone sy…     

Electrochemical properties of LiNi<Subscript>0.5</Subscript>Mn<Subscript>1.3</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>0.2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>/Li<Subscript>4</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>5</Subscript>O<Subscript>12</Subscript> cells

Spinel compounds LiNi_0.5Mn_1.3Ti_0.2O₄ (LNMTO) and Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LTO) were synthesized by different methods. The particle sizes of LNMTO and LTO are 0.5–2 and 0.5–0.8 μm, respectively. The LNMTO/LTO cell exhibits better electrochemical properties at both a low current rate of 0.2C and a high current rate of 1C. When the specific capacity was determined based on the mass of the LNMTO cathode, the LNMTO/LTO cell delivered 137 mA·h·g⁻¹ at 0.2C and 118.2 mA·h·g⁻¹ at 1C, and the corresponding capacity retentions after 30 cycles are 88.5% and 92.4%, respectively.     

Acid etching process for fabrication of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8＋x stack

We adopted a new method, acid etching process, to fabricate the intrinsic Josephson junctions based on the Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 x single crystals. By soaking the crystals into the dilute hydrochloric acid, we fabricated a junction stack successfully, and meantime made the surrounding area insulated. A certain concentration of hydrochloric acid was used to maintain the roughness of the modified layer. The cur-rent-voltage characteristic was achieved through the four terminal measurement. We could control the junctions' number by changing the concentration and the soaking time. We also found that the thick-ness of the stack was equal to the average height of the insulation layer. Such a simple, convenient and controllable fabrication method with a high yield might widen the applications of the intrinsic Joseph-son junctions.     

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr_（65）Al_（7.5）Ni_（10）Cu_（12.5）Ag_5 bulk metallic glass

The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However,the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing,indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover,with increasing deformation degree,the free-volume content in a pre-annealed/rolled specimen increases at a lower average rate than that in an as-cast/rolled specimen.     

基于遗传算法的带附加气室空气悬架多目标优化

以带附加气室的空气弹簧悬架为研究对象,按照物理模型建立带附加气室空气弹簧的数学模型,考虑到空气弹簧刚度的非线性,将该模型以空气弹簧非线性力的形式直接引入到1/4车辆模型。以提高车辆平顺性、行驶安全性及操纵稳定性的综合性能为目标,以附加气室容积为优化变量,设计带附加气室空气悬架的多目标优化模型;考虑到悬架性能各指标量在量纲与量级上的差异,对各指标量进行统一化处理,并采用线性加权和法将多目标函数转化为单目标评价函数。在MAT-LAB/Simulink中搭建系统仿真模型,采用遗传优化算法对典型工况下的最优附加气室容积进行寻优。优化结果表明,优化附加气室容积能有效提高悬架的综合性能,降低车身加速度、悬架动行程,但轮胎动载荷有所增加。     

Synthesis, Characterization and Calorimetry of Ni（C4H8N2O3）2Cl2

A coordination complex was synthesized from NiCl2 and dipeptide glycylglycine（GG）. It was characterized by element analysis, NMR and TG methods, and then was determined to be Ni（C4HsN2O3）2Cl2. Using an isoperibolic reaction calorimeter, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of Ni（GG）2Cl2（solid） has been determined to be -（1 674.66±2.02） kJ · mol^-1 at 298.15 K.     

The R- and AR-indices： Complementing the h-index

Based on the foundation laid by the h-index we introduce and study the R- and AR-indices. These new indices eliminate some of the disadvantages of the h-index, especially when they are used in combina-tion with the h-index. The R-index measures the h-core’s citation intensity, while AR goes one step further and takes the age of publications into account. This allows for an index that can actually in-crease and decrease over time. We propose the pair (h, AR) as a meaningful indicator for research evaluation. We further prove a relation characterizing the h-index in the power law model.     

Work toughening effect in Zr_（41）Ti_（14）Cu_（12.5）Ni_（10）Be_（22.5） bulk metallic glass

Work hardening is a well-known phenomenon occurring in crystalline metals during deformation,which has been widely used to increase the strength of metals although their ductility is usually reduced simultaneously. Here we report that the plastic strain of Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (at.%) bulk metallic glasses has been increased from 0.3% for the as-cast sample to 2.5%-8.0% for samples that have experienced pre-deformation under constrained conditions. The pre-deformed glassy alloys possess more free volume and abundant introduced shear bands,which are believed to promote the activation of shear bands in post-deformation and result in an increase in plasticity. The orientation of the pre-introduced shear bands relative to the loading direction will affect the deformation behavior of pre-deformed samples. The present results show that pre-deformation of this glassy alloy will result in work toughening. This work toughening effect can be removed by isothermal annealing at a sub-Tg (glass transition) temperature,which causes annihilation of free volume and healing of shear bands.