基于PDM控制的高频交流交交变换器的建模

根据软开关谐振理论，对三相高频交流交交变换器，提出了一种新颖的脉冲密度调制(PDM)的控制策略，并采用PDM控制策略建立了变换器的数学模型和仿真模型，分析才变换器输出波形。研究表明，在高频输入信号条件下，PDM控制技术可以将高频输入电压合成为幅值和频率变化的低频信号，具有操作简单、控制方便的特点。     

高效率升降压变换器的电压前馈策略及控制方法

为解决Buck-Boost变换器Boost工作模式下变换器的暂态响应恶化的问题，采用双调制-单载波双模式控制方法确保变换器的高效率并自动平滑切换工作模式。在宽输入电压场合，为消除输出电压受输入电压扰动带来的波动，通过小信号模型的建立得出变换器的输入电压前馈函数，提出带输入电压前馈的双模式控制方法，进而保证变换器宽输入电压范围下的高效率以及良好的暂态响应。制作一台实验样机，通过实验对比引入电压前馈控制策略和未引入电压前馈控制策略的双模式控制方法下的变换器实验波形，验证所提电压前馈控制策略及控制方法的有效性。     

基于占空比动态分配控制的并联交错CCM PFC变换器

为减小甚至消除均流过程对总输入电流及输出电压的扰动,以提高输入功率因数. 在平均电流控制策略的基础上,提出一种控制占空比在并联变换器内部动态分配的均流控制器,即只在并联变换器内部,根据其电流偏差程度进行占空比动态调节来实现均流. 同时,采用单DSP实现并联PFC变换器电感电流的均匀交错,以减小系统滤波器的体积和提高系统的效率. 以3个功率因数校正(PFC)变换器并联为例,利用提出的研究方案获得了良好的均流性能,并实现了并联PFC变换器电感电流的交错,减小了输入电流的高频纹波. 实验结果证明了该控制方案的正确性,为并联的大功率功率因数校正变换器的数字控制提供了解决方案.     

并联交错临界连续PFC变换器的单周期控制

为了利用临界连续导电模式功率因数校正器(PFC)高效的优点,将其应用到较大功率场合,提出一种用于临界连续PFC的单周期控制策略。采用开关频率和采样频率可变的方法,利用单数字信号处理器实现了3个临界连续PFC变换器的并联交错运行。提出的针对临界连续PFC变换器的单周期控制器无需对开关的高频峰值电流、电感电流过零点进行检测与判断,简化了临界连续PFC变换器的控制。实验结果表明:该方案可实现临界连续PFC变换器输入电流和输出电压的有效控制,可在保证高的输入功率因数同时,获得稳定的直流输出电压。     

并联交错临界连续PFC变换器的单周期控制

为了利用临界连续导电模式功率因数校正器(PFC)高效的优点,将其应用到较大功率场合,提出一种用于临界连续PFC的单周期控制策略。采用开关频率和采样频率可变的方法,利用单数字信号处理器实现了3个临界连续PFC变换器的并联交错运行。提出的针对临界连续PFC变换器的单周期控制器无需对开关的高频峰值电流、电感电流过零点进行检测与判断,简化了临界连续PFC变换器的控制。实验结果表明:该方案可实现临界连续PFC变换器输入电流和输出电压的有效控制,可在保证高的输入功率因数同时,获得稳定的直流输出电压。     

矩阵变换器输入侧电流的反步法控制

针对矩阵变换器输入侧电流易受到电网电压波动、负载变化的影响这一问题,提出了一种新的反步法控制策略,并应用于矩阵变换器上.通过PARK变换将矩阵变换器转化为dq坐标系下的数学模型,运用反步法控制策略设计了矩阵变换器输入侧电流的控制器,并和采用PI调节器的矩阵变换器进行了对比实验.仿真结果表明反步控制策略设计的控制器在负载变化及三相输入电源降落的情况下实现了对输入电流的快速跟随,谐波分析表明由反步法控制所带来的总谐波污染很小.将反步法控制策略用于数字信号处理器TMS320F2812进行编程实现,并进行带阻感负载的实验.结果表明矩阵变换器输入侧电流波形具有很高的正弦度.仿真及实验结果说明了反步控制策略的有效性、可行性.     

Buck变换器线性参数变化模型的增益调度控制

针对开关变换器的输出电压极易受到输入电压或者负载波动的影响,提出一种建立在Buck变换器线性参数变化(LPV)模型基础上的增益调度控制策略.首先,将Buck变换器的小信号模型转换成以负载电阻和输入电压作为变参数的LPV模型,基于LPV的凸分解方法,利用线性矩阵不等式(LMI)技术对凸多面体各顶点分别设计满足H∞和闭环极点配置的反馈控制器,再插值各顶点所设计的反馈控制器,综合得到具有多面体结构的LPV控制器.该方法在线计算量小,容易实现.最后,通过仿真验证了设计方法的有效性,与传统的鲁棒控制策略的控制器相比,所设计的LPV控制器受Buck变换器中输入电压和负载电阻波动影响较小,具有更好的控制性能.     

新型多输入升压变换器的交错控制研究

在基于开关电容网络的多输入升压变换器中,由于其开关管必须同时导通、同时关断,因此很难实现对各输入源的独立控制.基于此,对开关电容网络的结构进行改变,并采用交错控制策略进行研究.首先对基于交错控制的双输入升压变换器的工作原理及性能进行了分析,然后通过拓扑推演得到了n路输入的高升压变换器.最后,进行了仿真和实验研究,实验结果表明:该变换器不仅具有较大的电压增益,而且允许所有开关管不同时导通、不同时关断,并且占空比不完全一致,实现了各输入源的独立控制,在新能源利用方面具有一定的优势.     

电动汽车高频环周波变换器的分析研究

提出了一种用于电动汽车电气驱动系统的高频环周波变换器，给出了电路的数学分析，介绍了变换器的工作原理和高频交流离散脉冲密度调制的控制策略，研究结果表明，该系统体积小，重量轻，噪音低。     

全桥DC-DC高频功率变换器技术概述

介绍了应用功率MOSFET和IGBT的全桥DC—DC高频变换器,对包括全桥DC—DCPWM变换器的控制策略、软开关技术等进行了概述。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.