几种效应物对黑曲霉果胶酶活力的影响

研究了几种效应物对黑曲霉果胶酶活力的影响。结果表明：变性剂脲与SDS对果胶酶活力的抑制作用呈现出浓度效应，0．5mmol／L SDS能使酶活力下降95．9％，5mol／L的脲能使果胶酶活力下降95．6％；三种伯醇和丙酮对果胶酶活力具有抑制作用，15％的甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇和丙酮可分别使果胶酶活力下降18．8％、25．5％、36．1％和84．4％；而乙二醇和丙三醇对酶活力的影响表现为激活效应，15％的乙二醇和丙三醇可分别使酶活性提高22．9％和6．9％；Cu^2＋和Fe^3＋对果胶酶活力的抑制作用呈浓度梯度效应，EDTA对酶活力没有影响，说明果胶酶为非金属酶类。     

碱性果胶酶生产菌株的产酶条件优化

对自行筛选的碱性果胶酶生产菌培养条件进行了优化.考查了碳源、氮源浓度和接种量对发酵产酶的影响.经单因素实验和正交试验研究,该菌株最佳产酶条件组合为:果胶添加量0.3％、NaNO3添加量0.6％、接种量6％.在此条件下,碱性果胶酶酶活力达到6 079 U/mL.     

里氏木霉液体发酵选择性合成果胶酶

在摇瓶液体发酵的条件下研究了碳源、氮源、酵母汁和营养盐等因素对里氏木霉选择性合成果胶酶的影响规律,并测定了酶学性质。结果表明:从经济角度考虑宜选用脱汁橘皮粉制备果胶酶;在Mandels营养盐中添加1.0 g/L蛋白胨适合于里氏木霉产果胶酶;以25 g/L脱汁橘皮粉液体发酵48 h,果胶酶活力最高值达到32.6μmol/(min.mL),其中纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的活力被分别控制在0.18、0.63μmol/(min.mL)。该果胶酶的最适pH为6.0,最适温度为50℃,以16μmol/(min.g)的果胶酶振荡水解10 g/L商品果胶粉50 h,酶解得率达80.3%。高效液相离子色谱的分析结果显示果胶酶的主要水解产物为单体半乳糖醛酸,含量达总水解产物的82.5%以上。     

产果胶酶菌株的筛选鉴定及其产酶条件的研究

为筛选果胶高效降解菌株,结合HC比值(透明圈H与菌落直径C的比值)和果胶酶活力测定,从桔子园土壤和腐烂的水果等处筛选得到1株产果胶酶活力较强的菌株M3,结合菌株形态特征观察和ITS rDNA基因序列分析,确定该菌株为聚多曲霉(Aspergillus sydowii).经发酵产酶试验可知,该菌株的最适发酵产酶条件为培养温度30℃,初始pH4.5,接种量(体积分数)7%,培养时间4 d.在该条件下发酵,果胶酶活力可达42.01 U.mL-1.     

小粒咖啡湿法发酵中产果胶酶菌株的筛选鉴定及产酶条件优化

从云南小粒咖啡湿法发酵液中分离得到一株产果胶酶真菌YMU03,并初步鉴定为异常威克汉姆酵母(Wickerhamomyces anomalus).经响应面分析,该菌株的最佳产酶条件为：蛋白胨21.6 g/L、MnSO₄ 1.5 mmol/L、初始pH 4.3、发酵时间30 h、温度28℃,在此条件下果胶酶活力可达417.3 U/mL,是未优化前果胶酶活力的2.2倍.     

响应面法在番茄汁酶解工艺中的应用

选取果胶酶添加量、酶解温度和酶解时间三个因素进行中心组合设计,利用响应面法对其提取工艺进行优化研究.利用DesignExpert软件分析,结果表明最佳工艺条件为果胶酶用量0.18％,酶解时间91.9 min,酶解温度52℃.在此条件下,出汁率达到77.38％.     

桐粕降解菌DBTM6培养条件及降解酶活性的研究

采用单因素试验法对桐粕降解菌DBTM6菌发酵的主要影响因素碳源、氮源、温度、转速、初始pH值等进行了研究,通过正交试验对其发酵培养基在摇瓶阶段进行了优化,并在优化后的条件下测定了该菌的生长曲线及其产生的蛋白酶、果胶酶和纤维素酶的活性.结果表明:该菌株最适培养基各成分质量分数为:玉米粉2.0%,蛋白胨0.5%,NaCl 0.5%,最适条件:温度为40℃,pH为6.0,转速为200 r/min.在最适培养条件下测定了DBTM6菌的纤维素酶活力为3.5717 U/mL,果胶酶活力为1.1415 U/mL,蛋白酶活力为36.358 3 U/mL,比活力分别为13.8545U/mg,4.4279 U/mg,141.0331 U/mg.     

黑曲霉As 3.3883菌种的诱变及其发酵条件探索

本文报导了黑曲霉As 3.3883经诱变可得一高产果胶酶的变异株JB513.该变异株经液体发酵制取果胶酶的最适条件是:起始pH 4.0,接种量2×10~4个/mL,通气量为培养基占摇瓶体积的1/5,发酵温度为30℃,发酵时间84h.其时,发酵液的果胶酶活力达11.9μmol·min~(-1)/mL(小试250mL),及12.0μmol·min~(-1)/mL(中试500L).同时发现该发酵液具有纤维素酶的活性.     

酶法提取牡丹花总黄酮

对酶法提取牡丹花总黄酮的酶解条件进行了研究。考察了酶解温度、酶解液初始pH值、酶解时间和酶用量对总黄酮产量的影响;确定了酶解的最优条件为：酶解温度为50℃,酶解液初始pH=4．5,酶解时间为120min,酶的浓度为0．2mg／mL的纤维素酶和0．1mg／mL的果胶酶的复合酶液;对酶法提取牡丹花总黄酮与传统乙醇提取法进行比较,结果表明在一定条件下,酶法提取工艺比传统乙醇提取法牡丹花总黄酮产量提高了19．8％。薄层层析结果显示,酶对提取物性质未产生影响。     

黑曲霉固态发酵生产果胶酶培养条件的研究

对黑曲霉HYA4固态发酵生产果胶酶的培养条件进行了研究,固态发酵培养基组分为:250 mL三角瓶中甜菜渣5 g,黄豆粉5 g,NH4H2PO4 0.4%,FeSO4·7H2O 0.05%.料水比1:2.采用此优化的培养基在培养温度36℃和初始pH自然条件下进行发酵,果胶酶酶活力可达5465.8 U/g(干曲).     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-