CyclinB1、Cdk1、PCNA和Ki-67在食管癌组织中的表达

探讨食管癌组织中CyclinB1、Cdk1、PCNA和Ki-67的表达及其临床病理学意义．采用免疫组织化学SABC法，检测CyclinB1、Cdk1、PCNA和Ki-67在食管癌组织细胞中的表达．CyclinB1和Cdk1染色定位于细胞浆和细胞核．PCNA和Ki-67染色定位于细胞核．在所研究的食管癌病例中，CyclinB1阳性表达的病例占92．9％，Cdk1阳性表达的病例占78．6％，100％的病例均呈PCNA和Ki-67阳性表达．CyclinB1、Cdk1、PCNA和Ki-67在食管癌组织中均出现高频率的表达．CyclinB1、Cdk1、PCNA和Ki-67的阳性表达率及表达强度同食管癌分化程度有密切的关系．     

大肠癌中p53,Ki-67,PCNA的表达及与淋巴结转移的关系

目的研究p53,Ki-67,PCNA在人体大肠癌组织中的表达,初步探讨三者在大肠癌中的相互关系及淋巴结转移的关系.方法应用SP免疫组化方法(链霉素抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接法)对44例大肠癌组织中的p53,Ki-67,PCNA蛋白进行检测.结果 p53,Ki-67,PCNA的表达与大肠癌的组织分化无关(P>0.05),且三者的表达与大肠癌的淋巴结转移无相关性.结论抑癌基因的突变及增殖异常共同参与了大肠癌的形成,但对于判断肿瘤预后不能作为单独指标,需结合临床多因素进行分析判断.     

新疆维、汉民族乳腺癌中P53和Ki-67蛋白表达及其意义

用免疫组化Envision法检测125例维、汉民族乳腺癌中P53及Ki-67蛋白的表达。结果表明，P53及Ki-67蛋白在乳腺癌中的阳性表达率明显高于非癌组织；且在浸润性导管癌中P53和Ki-67蛋白阳性表达与分级、转移呈正相关，与民族无关。随组织学分级增高，P53及Ki-67阳性表达增高。淋巴结转移者P53及Ki-67蛋白阳性表达明显高于无淋巴结转移者。提示P53和Ki-67蛋白阳性表达可能在乳腺良性病变恶性转化及乳腺癌的发生中具有重要作用，有可能成为临床预测预后的重要指标之一。     

罕见的手掌软组织混合瘤1例并文献分析

目的 探讨软组织混合瘤的临床病理特点及鉴别诊断。方法 对罕见的手掌软组织混合瘤病例行常规HE和免疫组织化学染色检查,并随访;同时结合相关文献复习对其临床病理特点进行分析。结果 该类病变形态学表现复杂,密集增生的上皮样、肌上皮样细胞,呈巢状、片状分布,可见纤维结缔组织分隔;瘤细胞增生明显,呈团块状排列且推挤纤维性包膜;另可见散在少许的异型性瘤细胞,间质玻璃样变及软骨黏液样变。肿瘤细胞在AE1/AE3、Vim、S-100、CD10和p63均表达阳性;GFAP呈灶状阳性;Ki-67增殖指数3%;p53在病变中呈广泛阳性表达。该病例术后建立随访,结果 为患者无复发,无转移。结论 软组织混合瘤是一种少见的具有病理异质性特点的间质性肿瘤,发生在手掌非常罕见。病理形态学表现是重要的诊断依据,免疫指标S-100和p63联合检测可辅助其诊断及鉴别诊断。在良性肿瘤和交界性及恶性肿瘤的判断上,增殖指数Ki-67及肿瘤抑制基因p53的检测非常重要,肿瘤细胞推挤包膜的趋势或侵犯包膜的生物学行为都应作为风险评估的标准。     

胃上皮内瘤和胃癌组织中p53蛋白表达的意义

探讨胃上皮内瘤和胃癌组织中P53蛋白的表达及其临床意义；应用免疫组化SP法对10例慢性胃炎组、30例胃上皮内瘤组及20例胃癌组中P53的表达进行检测；慢性胃炎中无p53表达，随着异型增生程度的增加，p53阳性表达也在增加，胃癌的阳性率最高；p53蛋白在胃上皮内瘤中即显示异常表达，其突变发生于胃粘膜癌变的早期阶段，提示p53基因的缺失、突变与细胞的异型性密切相关。     

胆囊癌组织中P21、P53、BCL—2癌基因蛋白的表达及PCNA半定量分析

采用免疫组织化学 Ａ Ｂ Ｃ 法,测定了４０ 例胆囊癌和８ 例胆囊腺瘤性息肉组织中 Ｐ２１ 、 Ｐ５３ 、 Ｂ Ｃ Ｌ－ ２ 癌基因蛋白的表达情况及增殖细胞核抗原的表达强度．结果显示： Ｐ２１ 、 Ｐ５３ 、 Ｂ Ｃ Ｌ－２ 蛋白阳性表达率在胆囊癌组织中分别为５２ ．５ ％ 、５２ ．５ ％ 和７０ ％ ．在胆囊腺瘤性息肉中分别为０ ％ 、０ ％ 和１００ ％ ．提示：检测 Ｐ２１ 、 Ｐ５３ 、 Ｂ Ｃ Ｌ－ ２ 蛋白表达情况对胆囊癌与胆囊腺瘤性息肉的鉴别诊断有一定意义; Ｐ２１ 、 Ｐ５３ 蛋白表达可能是胆囊癌预后不良的重要指标     

弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌临床病理分析

目的总结弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌(diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma,DSVPTC)的临床病理特征。方法对2例DSVPTC进行组织病理学观察和免疫组化检测,结合文献分析其诊断特点与鉴别诊断。结果 2例DSVPTC均为女性,肿瘤弥漫累及双侧甲状腺组织且伴有颈部淋巴结转移。镜下具有经典型甲状腺乳头状癌的诊断性细胞核特征及广泛的鳞状上皮化生、丰富的沙砾体、致密的淋巴细胞浸润和间质纤维化等病理特征。免疫组化:瘤细胞TG、TTF、CK5/6均阳性,Ki-67增殖指数约5%。结论DSVPTC是甲状腺乳头状癌的罕见亚型,缺乏典型甲状腺乳头状癌细胞学特征者,应与桥本甲状腺炎、亚急性甲状腺炎鉴别。通过广泛取材,结合临床病理特征和免疫表型可确诊。     

C—myc及增殖细胞核抗原在小儿肝母细胞瘤中表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨C－myc和谱殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）在小儿肝母细胞瘤（HB）中表达的临床意义，方法：用免疫组化法检测22例小儿HB组织中C－myc和PCNA的表达，结果HB组织和正常肝组织中C－myc阳必一表达率分别为81．8％（18／22），和33．3％（3／9），PCNA在HB组织和正常肝组织中阳性表达率分别为68．2％（15／22）和阴性（0／9），HB组织中C－myc和PCNA阳性表达率显著高于还肝组织（P＜0．05），C－myc和PCNA阳性表达率与HB病理类型无明显相关性（P＞0．05），但与肿瘤临床分期呈正相关，临床分期愈晚期，C－myc和PCNA阳性率愈高，结论：C－myc和PCNA在HB中的表达与HB的发生，发展和预后密切相关，检测C－myc及PCNA对估计HB恶性程度，判断预后及指导治疗有重要意义。     

免疫组化法检测非小细胞肺癌组织中CD44v6、Ki-67的表达与患者临床病理特征及转移的关系

采用免疫组化法检测非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中CD44v 6、Ki-67的表达情况,探讨其与患者临床病理特征及转移的关系。通过对113例NSCLC患者CD44v 6、Ki-67表达的检测,分析其与患者临床病理特征及转移关系的相关性。结果显示:NSCLC组织中CD44v 6的阳性表达率69.03%,Ki-67的阳性表达率61.06%;CD44v 6、Ki-67的表达与患者年龄、性别、组织学类型及转移方式均无显著关系(P0.05),与NSCLC转移相关(P0.05)。其中,CD44v 6阳性表达中NSCLC转移发生率76.92%,阴性表达中NSCLC转移发生率14.29%;Ki-67阳性表达中NSCLC转移发生率71.01%,阴性表达中NSCLC转移发生率36.36%。表明CD44v 6、Ki-67是NSCLC发生转移的重要因素,联合检测有助于判断NSCLC的侵袭、淋巴结转移情况,可作为一个较好预测其转移扩散能力和预后情况的生物学指标,以辅助指导临床对NSCLC的综合治疗。     

不同修复方法对猪肝脏免疫组化结果的影响

目的：比较不同修复方法对猪肝脏HBsAg/HBcAg免疫组化结果的影响。方法：选取15例血清HBV阳性猪肝脏组织,分别予以不修复、单纯加热高压修复和柠檬酸加热高压修复,进行免疫组化,分别检测结果。结果：免疫组化结果,不修复组阳性2例（13.3％）,单纯加热高压组阳性9例（60％）,柠檬酸加热高压组阳性12例（80％）。各组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,修复组与不修复组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,单纯修复组和柠檬酸修复组差异无统计学意义（p〉0．05）。结论：应用抗原修复能使猪肝脏HBsAg/HBcAg抗原得到较好暴露,且只需简单的加热高压即可。     

口腔鳞状细胞癌中错配修复基因hMLH1、hMSH2、p53和PCNA表达的相关性及意义

探讨hMLHI、hMSH2、p53和PCNA在OSCC中的表达关系及可能存在的临床意义。运用免疫组织化学S—P法对56例口腔鳞状细胞癌巾hMLH1、hMSH2、μ53和PCNA的表达进行检测。4种基因产物在OSCC中的阳性率均高于正常口腔黏膜,其中,中一低分化癌中的阳性率均高于高分化癌;hMSH2、p53和PCNA的阳性率在有淋巴结转移者中高于无转移者。hMLHI与p53／PCNA表达,hMSH2与p53／PCNA,p53与PCNA表达均呈正相关性。hM—LH1、hMSH2、p53和PCNA的异常表达及其相互之间的调节可能与OSCC的发生发展有关;检测4种蛋白有助于判断OSCC的恶性程度和生物学行为．     

Comprehensive diagnostic value of P53, p21WAF1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen for lung cancer

The expression of P53, p21WAF1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was detected in 114 samples of lung cancer patients (with 89 cases benign lung tissue as control) and the diagnostic value of these markers was evaluated. The results show the following: ➀ The positive expression rates of P53, p21WAF1 and PCNA in samples of lung cancer were 47.37%, 75.44% and 80.70%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in the samples of benign lung diseases ( p < 0.001). The odds ratios were 39.15, 5.75, and 6.76, respectively. This indicates that the expression of P53, p21WAF1 and PCNA was helpful for the diagnosis of lung cancer. ➁ For the diagnosis of lung cancer, the positive likelihood ratio of P53 was 21.08, which were significantly higher than that of p21WAF1 (2.16), PCNA (2.11) and of all the combined tests. This shows that P53 expression was the most valuable for diagnosis of lung cancer. ➂ For the diagnosis of lung cancer, the negative likelihood ratio of P53/p21WAF1/PCNA parallel test was 0.057 1, which was lower than that of other single and combined tests. This indicates that P53/p21WAF1/PCNA parallel test has high diagnostic value for exclusion of lung cancer.     

Advanced primary peritoneal carcinoma: clinicopathological and prognostic factor analyses

Objective： To investigate the factors favoring a positive prognosis for advanced primary peritoneal carcinoma （PPC）. Methods： Twenty-four cases meeting the criteria for PPC were analyzed retrospectively for the clinicopathologic profiles. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expressions of p53, Top2α, Ki-67 and Her-2/neu. Then all these clinicopathological factors and molecular markers were correlated with the prognosis. Results： There were 15 cases of primary peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma （PPSPC）, 6 cases of mixed epithelial carcinoma （MEC） and 3 cases of malignant mixed Mullerian tumor （MMMT）. All patients underwent cytoreductive surgery with optimal debulking achieved in 3 cases. Among those receiving first-line chemotherapy, 13 patients received the TP regimen （paclitaxel-cisplatin or carboplatin） and 7 patients received the PAC regimen （cisplatin-doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide）. The median overall survival of all patients was 42 months, while the breakdown for survival time for patients with PPSPC, MMT and MEC was 44, 13 and 19 months, respectively. The expressions of p53, Top2α and Ki-67 were all demonstrated in 11 cases respectively. None showed the expression of Her-2/neu. There were significant differences in the median survival between patients with PPSPC and those with MMMT （44 months vs 13 months, P〈0.05）, also between patients receiving TP combination and those receiving the PAC regimen （75 months vs 28 months, P〈0.05）. Another significant difference in the median progression-free survival （PFS） was identified between patients with positive p53 immunostaining and those with negative p53 immunostaining （15 months vs 47 months, P〈0.05）, whereas age, menopausal status, residual tumor size and the other molecular factors did not significantly impact survival. Conclusion： Patients with PPC should be treated with a comprehensive management plan including appropriate cytoreductive surgery and responsive chemotherapy. Overestimating an o     

Correlation of matrix metalloproteinase－2, －9, tissue inhibitor－1 of matrix metalloproteinase and CD44 variant 6 in head and neck cancer metastasis

This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism in tumor invasion and metastasis. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, -9 (MMP-2, MMP-9), tissue inhibitor-1 of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), cell adhesion molecule 44 variant 6 (CD44v6), HER2/neu and p53 was investigated in 154 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by ABC and ImmunoMax immunohistochemical method. Their clinical relevance and correlation were analysed. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, CD44v6, HER2/neu and p53 was found in cancer cells in 87.01%, 85.71%, 68.18%, 98.05%, 55.19% and 50.65% cases respectively. Linear regression and correlation analysis revealed that there was close positive relationship (P<0.05) between the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, TIMP-1 and CD44v6, HER2/neu and MMP-9, MMP-2 and p53. Up-regulation of MMP-2 was accompanied by advanced T stage (P<0.01). There was also a trend of MMP-2 expression being related with tumor metastasis. Increased expression of HER2/neu was found in patients with tumor recurrence(P<0.05). The expression of TIMP-1 was higher in laryngeal cancer than that in pharyngeal cancer, and higher in keratinizing and non-keratinizing SCC than that in basaloid SCC(P<0.05). These findings suggested that MMP-2 and MMP-9, HER2/neu and MMP-9, MMP-2 and p53 had a coordinate function in aggression of tumor; that MMP-2 had a more important function than MMP-9 in tumor invasion and metastasis; and that HER2/neu might serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis in HNSCC.     

Relationship between cholecystolithiasis and polypoid gallbladder

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between cholecystolithiasis and polypoid gallbladder (PLG), 260 patients with polypoid gallbladder were investigated. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group A (PLG combined with cholecystolithiasis) and group B (without cholecystolithiasis). The clinical pathological characteristics were analyzed. The intestinal epithelium metaplasia and atypical hyperplasia of the gallbladder mucosa were observed under light microscope. RESULTS: Intestinal epithelium metaplasia and atypical hyperplasia of gallbladder mucosa were found in 47 of the 260 cases. The pathological lesions included 16 gallbladder carcinoma, 11 adenomatosis polyp, 5 myoadenoma, 7 cholesterol polyp, 4 inflammatory polyp and 4 adenomatosis hyperplasia, which occurred in 26 and 21 patients in group A and group B, i.e. 44.0% and 10.3% respectively. The difference between group A and group B was statistically significant (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Cholecystolithiasis and the succeeding inflammatory reaction is a risk-factor for the polypoid gallbladder to develop tumour.     

栓塞化疗后原发性肝癌的病理变化研究

探讨肝癌肝动脉栓塞化疗后肿瘤的病理及某些分子生物学的变化。方法：从１９９２年１月到１９９７年１２月,结合临床对手术切除的原发性肝癌术前曾接受肝动脉栓塞化疗的１１７例标本作大体病理、镜下病理、免疫组化方法的肿瘤增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）,ｐ５３蛋白及抑癌基因ｐ５３ＰＣＲ技术的检测。结果：肉眼见坏死组织约占肿瘤体积不到５０％的有３２例,坏死占５０％～９０％的有５４例,９０％以上而有未完全坏死的有１８例,１００％的有１３例。镜下仍见有肿瘤细胞的有１１１例,全部为坏死组织而未见肿瘤细胞的有６例。肿瘤增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）高指数的有７２例（６４９％）,ｐ５３表达强阳性的有８５例（７６６％）。结论：本组资料表明,肝动脉栓塞化疗能使大部分肿瘤细胞坏死,但仅有极少部分全部坏死,而未坏死的肿瘤细胞增殖活跃     

红景天抑制小鼠宫颈癌U14生长的研究

目的:研究红景天醇提物对小鼠宫颈癌U14生长的抑制作用及对增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和突变型p53蛋白表达的影响.方法:观察红景天醇提物对U14实体瘤和腹水瘤的抑瘤率和生命延长率,并用免疫组化SP法检测PCNA和突变型p53蛋白阳性细胞表达数.结果:以阴性对照组为基数,红景天醇提物3个剂量组(500 mg.kg-1,1 000mg.kg-1和1 500 mg.kg-1体重)及环磷酰胺(CTX)阳性对照组实体瘤各组抑瘤率分别为39.31%,59.31%,67.59%,73.79%(P<0.01);腹水瘤各组生命延长率分别为45.98%,60.40%,78.93%,83.65%(P<0.01).同时各组药物对PCNA和突变型p53蛋白的表达水平也有不同程度的抑制作用(P<0.01,P<0.05).结论:红景天对小鼠宫颈癌U14的生长有一定的抑制作用,其机制可能与抑制PCNA和突变型p53蛋白的表达有关.