基于改进IMK恢复力模型的 钢筋混凝土柱参数识别与应用

提出了一种利用钢筋混凝土柱拟静力试验数据识别改进IMK模型骨架曲线参数,进而提高钢筋混凝土框架结构非线性模拟精度的方法.通过引入可抗差的基于奇异值分解的无迹卡尔曼滤波算法(抗差SVD-UKF算法),抑制观测值粗差对参数识别的影响,采用粒子群算法对初始协方差矩阵、过程噪声矩阵和测量噪声矩阵进行自动寻优,在MATLAB中实现了柱滞回特征正负向对称与非对称两种情况下改进IMK恢复力模型骨架曲线参数的识别.钢筋混凝土柱实测滞回曲线的模型骨架曲线参数识别结果及其在框架结构非线性模拟中的应用结果验证了本文方法的有效性.     

方钢管混凝土框架滞回性能试验与理论研究

为了研究方钢管混凝土结构的抗震性能，基于一榀三层两跨方钢管混凝土框架的拟静力试验，分析了反复水平荷载作用下框架的滞回曲线，并根据滞回曲线进一步得出了框架顶层骨架曲线及相应的恢复力模型，研究了钢管混凝土框架的延性、强度与刚度的退化等性能．采用非线性有限元分析方法，将恢复力模型应用到混凝土弹性模量退化方程中，并对试验结果进行了计算模拟．结果证明，理论分析结果与试验结果吻合较好．     

低周反复荷载作用下钢筋混凝土异形柱框架的滞回性能分析

对一榀异形柱框架进行低周反复荷载试验研究,介绍了试验情况,对试件破坏过程及结果进行了描述,给出了荷载-位移曲线及骨架曲线;并基于框架试验数据,分析了模型的试验滞回特性,评估了框架的抗震性能,建立了框架的恢复力模型.得出如下结论:钢筋混凝土异形柱框架结构具有较好的滞回特性,变形特性介于剪力墙结构和普通框架结构之间;框架整体受力分析可采用退化三线型恢复力模型.     

无黏结部分预应力砼梁恢复力模型的研究

基于OpenSEES软件的二次开发平台,对无黏结部分预应力混凝土梁的截面恢复力模型进行了研究.根据试验统计和理论分析,建立了无黏结部分预应力混凝土梁的截面弯矩-曲率滞回模型,并通过编制Visual C++程序,将其植入到OpenSEES软件的材料子类中,用于无黏结部分预应力混凝土结构的非线性计算,分析过程中无需迭代计算无黏结预应力筋的应力增量,解决了无黏结部分预应力混凝土结构受力分析的关键问题.利用OpenSEES软件,基于已建立的无黏结部分预应力混凝土梁的截面恢复力模型,选用基于柔度法的非线性梁柱单元,采用位移控制,计算了低周反复荷载作用下无黏结部分预应力混凝土梁的弯矩-挠度滞回曲线,计算曲线与试验曲线吻合良好,说明已建立的无黏结部分预应力混凝土梁的截面恢复力模型的可靠性,为无黏结部分预应力混凝土结构的非线性计算提供了理论依据.     

型钢混凝土梁-角钢混凝土柱框架恢复力模型特性研究

采用梁柱纤维模型对型钢混凝土梁-角钢混凝土柱组合框架滞回全过程开展数值仿真研究,并与试验结果对比. 在大量参数分析的基础上,探讨了此类组合框架滞回曲线特点,建立了单层单跨组合框架的荷载-位移恢复力模型,该模型可综合考虑轴压比和预应力度等的影响,能对此类组合框架在水平荷载作用下的滞回性能进行预测,其结果与试验及数值仿真结果一致. 相关研究可为简化结构弹塑性动力分析提供参考.      

滞回恢复力模型中求折点的一种方法

对于在循环往复荷载作用下，结构具有滞回特性的力学与变形关系曲线的简化折线型恢复力模型提出了一种求刚度突变点，即折点的处理方法。推导出应用Wilson-θ法及Newmark-β法求解结构动力反应时折线型恢复力模型中的加载点和卸霸占为这两类折点的计算公式。该公式以结构动力方程为基础，计算折点时刻仅涉及结构的t时刻的动力特性，位移，速度及加速度反应，折点处结构位移值等已知量，计算中避免迭代，能得出较准确的折点出现时刻，且公式形式统一，便于计算机编程。     

一种新型自复位变摩擦耗能支撑的滞回性能

提出一种新型自复位变摩擦耗能支撑.该耗能支撑由高强弹簧组件、摩擦组件、内外管组成.通过调节摩擦钢板跨中挠度从而实现非线性变摩擦性能,其中高强拉簧的弹性恢复力始终大于摩擦钢板与摩擦块之间的摩擦力,从而实现自复位功能.根据简化的力学模型推导出不同摩擦钢板跨中挠度下的理论滞回曲线.为验证理论分析的正确性,对该耗能支撑进行拉压循环力学试验,分别研究位移幅值、摩擦钢板跨中挠度对其滞回曲线、力学参数的影响.试验得到的滞回曲线与理论滞回曲线大致相符,证明了本支撑设计的合理性.     

水平双向加载下钢筋混凝土箱型墩的恢复力模型研究

为了系统地评价钢筋混凝土箱型墩在水平双向荷载作用下的抗震性能,以钢筋混凝土箱型墩的双向拟静力试验为依据,采用Open Sees分析程序对钢筋混凝土箱型墩在水平双向荷载下的滞回性能进行数值分析。根据钢筋混凝土箱型墩实测和模拟滞回曲线的特点,提出水平双向加载作用下钢筋混凝土箱型墩的恢复力模型,并考虑其主要影响因素,给出所提出恢复力模型特征参数的确定方法,并与试验结果进行对比。结果表明:应用所提出的恢复力模型能够较好地反映钢筋混凝土箱型墩的滞回性能,得到的水平荷载-位移计算曲线与试验曲线吻合较好。     

活性粉末混凝土柱恢复力模型试验研究

进行18个活性粉末混凝土(RPC)配筋柱的低周反复加载试验,研究轴压比、纵筋配筋率和配箍率等对活性粉末混凝土配筋柱强度、刚度和滞回特性的影响规律,通过理论分析和对试验结果的回归分析,建立活性粉末混凝土配筋柱的三线型恢复力模型,并给出各特征点参数的计算方法。研究结果表明:该恢复力模型能够反映轴压比、纵筋配筋率和配箍率对滞回特性的影响,与试验结果吻合较好,可为活性粉末混凝土结构的非线性动力分析提供参考,为活性粉末混凝土柱类构件的抗震设计提供参考。     

T形配钢钢骨混凝土柱恢复力特性试验

为了研究地震作用下T形配钢钢骨混凝土柱的滞回特性和恢复力特性,前期已完成了12根T形配钢钢骨混凝土柱的拟静力试验,得到了其在低周反复荷载作用下的滞回曲线和骨架曲线;基于上述试验的结果建立适合T形配钢钢骨混凝土柱的三折线骨架曲线模型,并对骨架曲线模型及各关键点、正负向加载和卸载刚度退化规律、滞回规则进行数学描述.将实测骨架曲线与模型骨架曲线进行比较,吻合较好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.