登封绿岩带基性火山岩陆壳混染的同位素证据及其启示

太古宙登封绿岩带中变基性火山岩(2.5Ga)的ε_(Nd)~i= 2.16,经计算表明,具此值的岩石遭受了ε_(Nd)=-5的大陆地壳的混染,混染量约为16％,而正常的、无混染的幔源岩浆在2.5Ga前的ε_(Nd)~i值应为 3.7。据此推断,登封绿岩带是在有陆壳基底存在的裂谷盆地中发育起来的,同时,前登封绿岩基底是以长英质为主而且下部经历了麻粒岩相变质作用的陆壳,这一陆壳的年龄在2.9Ga以上(据锆石pb-pb年龄)。由于古老地壳麻粒岩相变质作用的影响,造成混染的绿岩带基性火山岩过低的~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始值以及该值与ε_(Nd)~i值相关性的破坏。     

川西泸定—康定地区变质火岩岩的岩石化学初步研究

首次发现玄武质科马提岩夹层，以Ⅱａ型为主，少量样品属Ⅲ型。英安岩的稀土配分特征与绿岩带中的Ｆ１型一致，少量为Ｆ２型。该套变质火山岩可能是绿岩带的残块，与康定片麻岩一起构成晚太古代花岗－绿岩地体，东北延可达川北、秦巴、鄂西等地。     

川西泸定─康定地区变质火山岩的岩石化学初步研究

首次发现玄武质科马提岩夹层，以Ⅱ＿ａ型为主，少量样品属Ⅲ型。英安岩的稀土配分特征与绿岩带中的Ｆ＿１型一致，少量为Ｆ＿２型。该套变质火山岩可能是绿岩带的残块，与康定片麻岩一起构成晚太古代花岗─绿岩地体，东北延可达川北、秦巴、鄂西等地。     

早前寒武纪地质研究进展评述

早前寒武纪地质人有重大的科学意义。由于技术等的推动,早前寒武纪地质研究已获得重大进展。已发现的同位素年龄为４．３Ｇａ的碎屑锆石意味着４．３Ｇａ前长英质火成岩在地壳顺存在。在３．８Ｇａ前地幔因壳幔分离作用而明显亏损。花岗－绿岩带及高级片麻岩区是有寒武纪变质区的最基本地质单元,ＴＴＧ岩组合构成太古宙基底的主体。最老的花岗－绿岩地体在３．６Ｇａ前开始形成。从３．６～２．６Ｇａ形成的支配上地壳的花岗－绿岩     

华北东南缘霍邱群BIF的SEM-EDS和XRD研究及其地质意义

安徽霍邱群铁矿田位于华北克拉通东南缘,是一个大型BIF铁矿田。前人对其开展了大量的构造地质学、岩石学、年代学和地球化学研究,获得了很多重要的成果。首次对采自班台子和张庄钻孔中的BIF样品进行了扫描电镜(SEM)配合X射线能量散射能谱仪(EDS)和多晶X射线衍射(XRD)分析。分析结果显示,BIF中的主要矿物有磁铁矿、石英、长石、角闪石和方解石等。这一结果不仅与前人对霍邱群BIF的岩石学研究结果一致,也与华北其它大部分地区的BIF组成矿物一致。结合霍邱群地质资料和岩石学、年代学和地球化学研究结果,本研究认为霍邱群BIF属阿尔戈马型铁矿,形成于弧后盆地构造环境。     

青藏高原南部碰撞造山过程中的大陆地壳生长作用

长英质的大陆地壳是地球区别于其他星球的重要特征之一。传统观点认为大陆地壳的生长主要发生于俯冲增生型造山带,经典的陆陆碰撞造山带大陆地壳的生长并不显著,主要以地壳的重熔改造为主。青藏高原是全球最经典的陆陆碰撞造山带之一,然而近年来的研究揭示青藏高原南部的冈底斯带发育大量具有亏损同位素组成的与碰撞造山过程有关的岩浆岩,说明碰撞造山过程中也可以发生显著的地壳生长作用。文中聚焦冈底斯带岩浆岩,以冈底斯岩基和林子宗火山岩为研究对象,综述了相关岩石地球化学研究进展,探讨了碰撞造山过程相关的岩浆作用与地壳生长的关系,并分析了可能的地壳生长机制。     

辽宁南芬露天铁矿床地球化学特征及其地质意义

 辽宁南芬铁矿是中国乃至亚洲最大的露天开采铁矿.自1949年以来,辽宁南芬铁矿一直是本钢集团的主体矿山和高品位富矿的主要供应地.本文在总结辽宁南芬铁矿床成矿地质背景及矿床地质特征的基础上,对矿区内的磁铁石英岩的主量元素和稀土元素特征进行分析.通过主量元素和稀土元素相结合的方法,对铁矿成矿物质来源提出了有效制约.研究表明,条带状铁矿(BIF)的化学成分主要由T(Fe₂O₃)和SiO₂组成,并且具有较低含量的Al₂O₃和TiO₂.这一特征与鞍-本地区、山西五台山和冀东迁安地区铁矿一致,表明该BIF型铁矿是由极少碎屑物质加入的化学沉积岩.稀土元素的总量很低,经标准化后的稀土元素配分模式呈现轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集的特征,具有明显铕(Eu)正异常特征,说明该BIF的地球化学特征(REE)来源于火山热液和海水混合液.     

粤北九峰岩体的地球化学特征与成因研究

对九峰岩体进行了较为详细的主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素和Nd-Sr同位素的综合研究。通过分析和对比,九峰岩体的主量元素组成明显不同于I型花岗岩;微量元素以富集大离子元素Rb,Th和亏损Ba,Sr,Nb,P,Ti为特征;稀土总量较高,配分模式呈右倾型,Eu明显亏损;具有低的εNd(t)、高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值和古老的Nd模式年龄。据此认为九峰岩体是在太平洋板块俯冲导致先存的东西向大东山诸广山断裂带重新复活的构造背景下,由古老地壳组分通过部分熔融的方式形成。     

鞍本地区晚太古宙高镁安山岩的成因解释

首次于鞍本地区发现晚太古宙晚期变质高镁安山岩，其主要矿物组合为角闪石+斜长石+云母+石英+少量辉石，并与~2.55~2.52Ga BIF和变质表壳岩互层产出.全岩主微量元素地球化学结果显示，鞍本地区高镁安山岩发育钙碱性，高MgO， Cr和Ni含量，以及低FeO_T/MgO比值等原始岩浆特征，并呈现强分异REE模式和明显Nb， Ta， Ti亏损等典型岛弧岩浆特征，与~2.7Ga Wawa绿岩带高镁安山岩和显生宙Setouchi地区赞岐质高镁安山岩具有相近的地球化学特征，将鞍本地区晚太古宙高镁安山岩解释为受到俯冲板片熔体交代的地幔橄榄岩部分熔融形成，为鞍本地区晚太古宙晚期存在俯冲机制提供了佐证.     

华夏地块生长与演化：来自赣江河流沉积物碎屑锆石Lu-Hf同位素的制约

为研究赣江河流沉积物的物质来源及源区地壳生长和演化规律,对已报道年龄的123个赣江河流沉积物碎屑锆石中的80个代表性锆石开展Lu-Hf同位素组成分析。研究表明:赣江碎屑锆石年龄分布特征与华夏地块的年龄分布非常一致,表明赣江沉积物主要来源于华夏地块;结合Hf同位素分析结果,能够反映源区华夏地块的形成与演化历史。新太古代锆石的εHf(t)值近似为0,表明该时期发生了强烈的壳幔混合作用;中-新元古代锆石εHf(t)值既有正值也有负值,说明源区物质既有古老地壳物质的再循环,也有新生地壳物质的加入;显生宙以来,εHf(t)值绝大多数为负值,且对应的两阶段模式年龄以古元古代-中元古代的年龄为主,说明显生宙以来的岩浆活动主要来源于古元古代-中元古代新生地壳的再造,直接来源于亏损地幔的物质很少。2.1~1.1 Ga是华夏地块地壳生长的主要阶段,此阶段形成的物质构成现今华夏地块全部地壳物质的80%以上。     

LA-(MC)-ICPMS U-Pb zircon geochronology and Lu-Hf isotope compositions of the Taihua complex on the southern margin of the North China Craton

Widely distributed on the southern margin of the North China Craton, the Taihua complex extends roughly in an east-west direction and the relatively complete successions are found in Lushan County, Henan Province. Like many other Archean terranes, the Taihua Complex can be divided into two major lithological units along the Dangze River, namely gneisses series and supracrustal rocks. The former is located on the north side of the river and chiefly composed of TTG gneisses and amphibolites; the latter on the south side of the river is mainly supracrustal rock. Coupled with the previous studies, the results obtained by this study show that the Taihua complex was formed in a large time span from Neoarchean to Palaeoproterozoic. The TTG gneisses and amphibolites are dated at Neoarchean (2794–2752 Ma). The 2.9 Ga and 3.1 Ga zircons in amphibolites could be xenocrysts. In the North China Craton, the 2.8–2.7 Ga old rocks crop out in several areas e.g. western Shandong Province, Jiaodong Peninsula and Lushan area of Henan Province. In addition, 2.8–2.7 Ga detrital zircons or xenocryst zircons have been recognized in Huai’an, Fuping, Wutai areas of North China Craton and also reported in the Early Paleozoic diamondiferous kimberlites in Mengyin and Fuxian. All these age results indicate that the 2.8–2.7 Ga rocks may have been developed much broader region than today’s outcrops. Zircon Hf and whole rock Nd isotopes show that the 2.8–2.7 Ga tectono-thermal event represents an important period of crustal growth with minor ancient crust reworked in the North China Craton. However the formation of supracrustal rocks is limited to 2.2–2.0 Ga in the Palaeoproterozoic time, not the Archaean, as previously believed. Combined with the chronological data of aluminium-rich metamorphic rocks (Khondalite series) on the southern margin of the North China Craton and adjacent areas, it is suggested that the above areas have widely developed Paleoproterozoic passive continental margin environment.     

夹皮沟片麻岩岩石化学特征及其地质意义

赋存了夹皮沟金矿区绝大部分金矿的夹皮沟片麻岩主要由ＴＴＧ质斜长片麻岩及其中拉斑玄武岩质暗色包体组成，岩石化学上呈双峰特征和奥长花岗岩系列演化趋势，ＲＥＥ组成上均显示了较大的Ｅｕ正异常，δＥｕ最高可达４．６，相似于西格陵兰等典型太古代高级变质地体中的双峰式片麻岩，与裂谷型太古代绿岩带中的双峰式钙碱性火山岩有着本质的不同．     

Age of Anzishan granulites in the Mianxian-Lueyang suture zone of Qingling orogen: With a discussion of the timing of final assembly of Yangtze and North China craton blocks

Many granulite blocks have been recently discovered in the Anzishan area, Mianxian County, Shaanxi Province, in the central segment of the Mianxian-Lueyang suture zone. Sm-Nd isochron and 40Ar/39Ar ages of mineral samples of granulites from this area are reported in the note. The granulite mineral samples give a Sm-Nd isochron age of t=(206 ( 55) Ma (2(), with INd = 0.51302(7(2() and MSWD = 1.6, and a biotite 40Ar/39Ar plateau age of (199.7(1.7) Ma (2(). The formation and uplift of the granulites were related to subduction of the Yangtze block beneath the South Qinling microcontinent and their collision and the final amalgamation of the Yangtze and Sino-Korean craton blocks in the Indosinian, and their age is consistent with or close to those of the Dabie ultrahigh-pressure and high-pressure metamorphic rocks, so have great tectonic significance.     

秦岭商丹断裂带的构造变形与形成环境分析

秦岭商丹断裂带是华北板块与扬子板块的构造缝合带,具有复杂的构成和长期的演化历史。文章选取了商丹断裂带的2条横剖面,综合运用宏观构造分析、显微构造分析、岩石有限应变测量、断层岩的变形温度估测及EBSD石英光轴组构测量分析等方法对商丹断裂带进行了精细的研究。研究结果表明:商丹断裂带两侧岩片相对倾斜,呈正花状;东段线理保留得比西段好,南北两盘线理差异明显,南盘以倾向线理为主,北盘以水平线理为主;商丹断裂带岩石均受到压扁作用,东段岩石比西段岩石所受的压扁作用更强;商丹带断层岩变形温度多集中于(500±30)℃范围内,东段温度比西段高,北盘温度比南盘高,由断裂带向两侧温度逐渐下降。EBSD组构分析结果表明,剪切带中石英主要以中低温菱面〈a〉组构和低温底面〈a〉组构为特征。     

SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology of granulites at Rimana （Southern Tibet） in the central segment of Himalayan Orogen

TheCenozoicHimalayanorogenisimportantinun-derstandingcontinentaldynamicprocesses.Lowercrustal,high-grademetamorphicrockshaverecentlybeendiscov-eredinNamcheBarwaandParmir,i.e.therespectivere-gionsofeasternandwesternsyntaxisoftheorogen[1—4].Eclogitesthatunderwentgranulite-faciesmetamorphismhaverecentlybeenreportedintheCadaareatotheeastofMountEverestinthecentralsegmentoftheHimalayanorogen[5].WiththehelpofthegeologicalsurveyofDing-gyeCountyandChentangSheets(scale1︰250000),high-pressuremafic…     

华北克拉通北缘中段中新元古代热构造事件及其演化

近年华北地块北缘陆续发现和厘定出许多中新元古代变质火山-沉积地层,各种类型的深成侵入岩体以及各种样式的构造形迹,但对其性质及构造属性认识不统一。作者在详细研究前人成果基础上,认为华北地块北缘中段中新元古代经历了中元古代早期的伸展裂解、中元古代晚期的挤压汇聚、新元古代-早古生代的伸展裂解及早古生代晚期的挤压汇聚演化过程,伴随挤压汇聚有火山深成侵入岩浆活动和构造变质热事件的年代记录。中元古代晚期挤压汇聚事件表明华北地块北缘发育一条中元古代晚期大陆边缘碰撞造山带,这一碰撞造山事件为华北地块在 Rodinia 超大陆拼合模式提供了最基本的制约条件。     

The age of the base of the paleoproterozoic Hutuo Group in the Wutai Mountains area,North China Craton: SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating of basaltic andesite

Basalt and basaltic andesite metamorphosed at greenschist facies occurs with conglomerate layers at the bottom of the Paleopro-terozoic Hutuo Group in the Wutai Mountains area, North China Craton. Detailed geological surveying confirms that these volcanic rocks are conformable within the neighboring sedimentary rocks. The SHRIMP results on basaltic andesite are divided into two groups. In one group the ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb ages are from 2433 to 2558 Ma, which is consistent with the basement crustal age in Fuping and Wutai areas. In the other group, 13 grains yielded a weighted mean ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age of 2140±14 Ma. The latter is interpreted as the eruption age of the basaltic andesite, and gives the age of the base of the Hutuo Group. This result further suggests that the Hutuo Group formed in the middle Paleoproterozoic, not the early Palaeoproterozoic or late Archaean, as thought before, and is related to a 2.2–2.1 Ga rifting event in the Central North China Craton.     

Eclogites and their country gneisses: Studies on inclusions in the accessory minerals of country gneisses

The mineral inclusions in accessory minerals of the country gneisses have been studied in order to interpret relation between eclogites and their country gneissic rocks. Omphacite inclusions have been identified in titanite and zircon, which indicates that the present mineral assemblages of country gneisses are the last retrograded assemblages and eclogites and their country gneissic rocks probably have a same metamorphic history.     

鲁西地区太古界裂缝类型与发育规律

依据露头观测和成像测井数据,揭示鲁西地区太古界裂缝系统的成因及类型,将裂缝产状数据与区域构造背景结合分析,同时依据典型断裂-裂缝剖面的观测统计,对太古界构造裂缝的形成时期及发育规律进行剖析。结果表明:鲁西地区太古界裂缝系统主要由区域构造裂缝和局部构造裂缝组成;区域构造裂缝形成时期主要为中—新生代,其中低角度裂缝形成于印支期,高角度裂缝形成于燕山—喜山期;局部构造裂缝的发育虽不具有普遍性,但对局部地区太古界储集性能的改善意义重大;规模相近但力学性质不同的断裂对储层的改造程度和影响范围存在差异;压性断裂最好,压扭性断裂次之,张扭性断裂最差;断裂影响范围内裂缝面密度的显著增大主要表现为区域构造裂缝的加密或派生新的构造裂缝,新生裂缝通常与断裂平行或小角度斜交。     

Chronological record of the Early Mesozoic underplating in the northern margin of North China─U-Pb chronometry of zircons in the Late Mesozoic andesite from Western Liaoning

Cathodoluminescence spectroscopic analysis of zircons in the uppermost sanukites of the early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Western Liaoning reveals zoning structures of the zircons in the volcanic rocks. LA-ICP-MS chronometry shows that the central part of the zircons is remnant zircon with a U-Pb dating of 254 Ma, which is consistent with the age of the Early Mesozoic underplating granulites, and that the periphery is zircon crystallizing out of the host magma with a U-Pb dating of 116 Ma, which is highly consistent with the Ar-Ar dating of the host volcanic rocks. Compositions of the clinopyroxenes xenocrystals in the sanukites are similar to those of the clinopyroxenes in the underplating granulites, indicating that the granulites accreted to the lower crust in the Early Mesozoic have been reformed and disrupted by the upwelling diapers of the asthenosphere and taken part in formation of the sanukites in the Late Mesozoic.