有机小分子催化不对称环氧化

光学活性的环氧化合物是有机合成的重要原料.不对称环氧化反应可以使潜手性的烯烃转化为带有手性碳的环氧化合物,这个反应在医药、农药、香料等合成上具有重要的意义.有机小分子催化烯烃的不对称环氧化是一种高效,绿色的光学活性环氧化合物的合成方法,目前该类反应主要是通过手性酮和手性亚胺盐来催化实现的.文章介绍了该类反应的催化机理,并概述了这两类有机小分子催化的不对称环氧化反应的研究进展.     

醋酸钯不对称催化氢化大位阻N-磺酰亚胺

正大位阻手性胺广泛应用于生物活性物质、医药、以及手性配体的合成研究领域~([1-15])(见图1)。近几十年来,手性胺的不对称催化合成,尤其是过渡金属催化的不对称氢化亚胺的方法,由于其催化剂用量极少、反应条件简单、原子经济性极高等优点,受到了化学家的广泛关注,成为手性胺合成的研究热门[16-23]。目前,亚胺的不对称氢化工作主要围绕着立体障碍较小的官能团(如甲基,乙基)取代的亚胺来研究,取得了许多优秀的催化结果~([16-27])。但是,相对于小位     

组合化学中的固相合成法在药物研究中的应用

固相合成技术在组合化学的小分子化合物库的构建中得到了充分应用和发展，有机含氮杂环具有多种生物活性，是多种药物的母核。本文简要综述了以亚胺和烯胺为中间体采用固相合成技术构建有机含氮杂环化合物库的方法。     

α-蒎烯类手性硼作用下的不对称硼氢化反应在有机合成中的应用

本文对近年来 α-蒎烯类手性硼作用下的不对称硼氢化反应作一综述 ,介绍了包括手性醇、手性硼酯和手性烃基硼酯、α-手性烯、α-手性炔、α-手性醛酮及手性胺在内的六类化合物的合成新进展。     

非手性添加剂对手性锌催化不对称硼氢化的影响

使用二乙基锌制备手性联萘酚-锌催化剂，用于催化硼烷对苯乙酮的不对称硼氢化，在仅使用30％配体的情况下，对映选择性可达53％ee。在进一步研究非手性添加剂三乙基胺(Et3N)和四甲基乙二胺(TMEDA)对该手性锌催化的不对称硼氢化反应的影响时发现，非手性添加剂对手性锌催化的不对称硼氢化有不利影响，这一结果提示手性锌催化不对称烷基化反应与手性锌催化的不对称硼氢化反应有不同的作用机理，为进一步探索不对称催化反应机理提供有意义的信息。     

双功能有机催化剂催化Michael加成反应研究进展

Michael加成反应在有机合成中是一种重要的形成碳碳键的反应.近年来,手性有机小分子催化的不对称反应被广泛深入研究.本文主要综述了近年来一系列双官能团有机催化剂在Michael加成反应中的应用,并对其活化底物进行了探讨,研究发现,硫脲可与多种基团形成双功能有机催化剂,双功能硫脲-胺催化剂可通过硫脲基团与亲电试剂形成氢键,胺部分则可通过形成氢键或烯胺两种方式活化亲核试剂,而硫脲与金鸡纳碱、二甲基氨基嘧啶、羟基等官能团形成的有机催化剂也可通过形成氢键实现对底物的双活化.     

新型金(Ⅰ)络合物的合成及其在催化炔烃与苯胺的氢胺化反应中的应用

亚胺类化合物是十分重要的基础化工原料,通过开发高活性催化剂,催化苯炔与芳胺的氢胺化反应制备亚胺是一种有效的方法.论文利用二烷基烯锡与氯化金AuCl键的插入反应,合成了一类新型烯锡配位的一价金络合物3.该一价金络合物表现出较强的“嗜碳性”,可以活化碳碳不饱和碳,从而实现苯胺与苯炔的氢胺化反应,高产率合成了亚胺类化合物.     

离子液体[Hmim]BF4催化合成β-烯胺酮类化合物

合成了一系列具有不同阴离子的[Hmim]+ 咪唑型离子液体,并考察了催化剂在β-烯胺酮合成中的催化性能.结果表明,[Hmim]+ 咪唑型离子液体对β-烯胺酮合成具有高的催化活性,其中[Hmim]BF4活性最高,反应时间为10 min,产率可达96%;将该催化剂用于催化不同底物的β-烯胺酮化合物的合成,多数反应显示了优良的催化性能.离子液体[Hmim]BF4重复使用5次,催化活性基本不变,反应10 min后,β-烯胺酮产率仍有89%.     

手性相转移催化剂的设计与催化性能比较

介绍了近几年设计的手性相转移催化剂,包括手性季铵盐、季钅盐、手性冠醚、金属配合物等,并以二苯亚胺甘氨酸叔丁酯的不对称烷基化反应为模板,对它们的催化性能进行了比较.     

聚硅氧烷衍生的手性伯胺催化不对称aldol反应的研究

发展了一种制备含聚硅氧烷惰性长链的手性伯胺的方法,合成了一系列聚硅氧烷衍生的手性伯胺催化剂,并成功地应用于催化α,α,α-三氟苯乙酮和丙酮的不对称aldol反应,考察了酸、催化剂结构和溶剂对反应的影响.当采用催化剂A与Boc-L-苯丙氨酸所组成的催化体系在水相中催化α,α,α-三氟苯乙酮和丙酮的不对称aldol反应时,反应具有高产率(94%)和中等的对映选择性(54%ee).     

Proline-catalysed Mannich reactions of acetaldehyde

Small organic molecules recently emerged as a third class of broadly useful asymmetric catalysts that direct reactions to yield predominantly one chiral product, complementing enzymes and metal complexes. For instance, the amino acid proline and its derivatives are useful for the catalytic activation of carbonyl compounds via nucleophilic enamine intermediates. Several important carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions, including the Mannich reaction, have been developed using this approach, all of which are useful for making chiral, biologically relevant compounds. Remarkably, despite attempts, the simplest of all nucleophiles, acetaldehyde, could not be used in this way. Here we show that acetaldehyde is a powerful nucleophile in asymmetric, proline-catalysed Mannich reactions with N-tert-butoxycarbonyl (N-Boc)-imines, yielding beta-amino aldehydes with extremely high enantioselectivities-desirable products as drug intermediates and in the synthesis of other biologically active molecules. Although acetaldehyde has been used as a nucleophile in reactions with biological catalysts such as aldolases and thiamine-dependent enzymes, and has also been employed indirectly, its use as an inexpensive and versatile two-carbon nucleophile in asymmetric, small-molecule catalysis will find many practical applications.     

不对称[5+1]串联合成螺[环己酮-氧化吲哚]衍生物

该文报道了一种具有结构复杂性和生物学特性的功能化螺旋吲哚酮的简便合成方法.以二苯乙烯基甲酮和氧化吲哚为原料,用结构上下对称的多氢键型催化剂轴手性胍-酰胺催化不对称串联[5+1]环加成反应,采用一锅法合成了15种螺[环己酮-氧化吲哚]衍生物,并对反应条件进行了优化.研究结果表明:在以物质的量分数20%的手性胍(1a)为催化剂、CH₂Cl₂为溶剂、在40 ℃下反应72 h的条件下,以91%的产率、93%的ee值获得螺环己酮吲哚啉酮.     

Control of four stereocentres in a triple cascade organocatalytic reaction

Efficient and elegant syntheses of complex organic molecules with multiple stereogenic centres continue to be important in both academic and industrial laboratories. In particular, catalytic asymmetric multi-component 'domino' reactions, used during total syntheses of natural products and synthetic building blocks, are highly desirable. These reactions avoid time-consuming and costly processes, including the purification of intermediates and steps involving the protection and deprotection of functional groups, and they are environmentally friendly and often proceed with excellent stereoselectivities. Therefore, the design of new catalytic and stereoselective cascade reactions is a continuing challenge at the forefront of synthetic chemistry. In addition, catalytic cascade reactions can be described as biomimetic, as they are reminiscent of tandem reactions that may occur during biosyntheses of complex natural products. Here we report the development of an asymmetric organocatalytic triple cascade reaction for the synthesis of tetra-substituted cyclohexene carbaldehydes. This three-component domino reaction proceeds by way of a catalysed Michael/Michael/aldol condensation sequence affording the products with good to moderate yields (25-58 per cent). During this sequence, four stereogenic centres are formed with high diastereoselectivity and complete enantioselectivity. In addition, variation of the starting materials can be used to obtain diverse polyfunctional cyclohexene derivatives, which can be used as building blocks in organic synthesis.     

Catalytic Asymmetric Carbon-Carbon Forming Reactions Catalyzed Chiral Schiff Base-Metal Complexes

1 Results In 1991, we disclosed the novel asymmetric catalysts prepared from chiral Schiff base and titanium alkoxide in the reaction of asymmetric silylcyanation of aldehydes (eq.1)[1]. Since our first report, chiral Schiff base-metal complex was proven to be efficient in a variety of asymmetric reactions. We reported the first example of enantioselective addition of diketene to aldehydes promoted by chiral Schiff base-titanium alkoxide complexes (eq.2)[2]. The products of this reaction have been cove...     

手性环丁内酯取代的氨基噻二唑的合成研究

探讨了手性源(R)-(-)-5-[(1R)-孟氧基]-2(5H)-呋喃 酮与氨基噻唑类化合物的不对称Michael加成反应,并利用该反应合成了6个新型手性环丁内酯取代的氨基噻二唑类化合物,所有产物均经过1HNMR、 IR、旋光度和元素分析等给予确证. 结果显示氨基噻唑中的氨基主要是从孟氧基所在位置的反面进攻β-碳原子 .     

Asymmetric synthesis of α-aminophosphonates by means of direct organocatalytic three-component hydrophosphonylation

The direct asymmetric three-component reaction of an aromatic (or cinnamic) aldehyde, an amine and a phosphite was investigated by employing chiral Brønsted acid. In general, modest to good enantioselectivities (31%–87% ee) could be obtained in acceptable isolated yields (61%–91%) for a series of substrates.     

PEG支载手性二胺催化不对称多米诺迈克尔-羟醛缩合反应

以天然L-酪氨酸为手性原料,通过酚羟基将其支载在聚乙二醇上,经过系列支载化反应得到聚乙二醇支载可溶的双（S）-3-（4-氧苯基）-N1-甲基丙烷-1,2-二胺手性催化剂,以水为溶剂,25℃下催化β-酮酯与α,β-不饱和酮的不对称多米诺迈克尔-羟醛缩合反应,得到环己酮,具有良好的不对称催化效果,产物分离纯化方便,手性催化剂可回收并重复使用4次后,不对称催化效果没有明显变化.     

L-脯氨酰胺衍生物的合成及在不对称催化反应中的应用

以L-脯氨酸为原料,与不同的手性胺基醇及脂肪胺反应合成了6个手性酰胺化合物,并考查了它们在醛的不对称烷基化反应及炔酯与三甲基铝的不对称偶联反应中的催化性能,结果表明6个化合物均有一定的催化效果.所有目标化合物均通过熔点测定和核磁共振氢谱及碳谱分析对其结构进行确证.     

Preparation of New Chiral Ferroceny Phosphine Ligands and Their Application to Organic Synthesis

1 Results The unique structure of chiral ferrocenes allows one to design a variety of chiral phosphine ligands,which are useful tools for metal catalyzed asymmetric reactions.Although some useful chiral ferrocenyl phosphine ligands have already been reported,it is still an challenging subject tocreate new ferrocenyl phosphine ligands in order to cover asymmetric reactions in which conventional ligands do not effectively work[1].We happned to discover that 1,5-dilithiation of o-TMS blocked ferrocene 1 pr...