776例畸形、死胎、习惯性流产患者的染色体分析及临床意义

回顾性总结患者核型资料，为产前诊断提供依据。对776例分娩畸形、死胎、习惯性流产患者进行染色体检查，共检出异常核型25例，占受检人数的3．2％，其中平衡易位携带者13例，臂间倒位5例，性染色体异常7例。这表明染色体异常是导致畸形、死胎、习惯性流产的重要原因。在遗传咨询门诊中，应对患者进行染色体检查，若再次妊娠，则应进行生育指导。     

844例遗传咨询患者染色体分析研究

对８４４例遗传咨询患者的外周血染色体进行了分析，检出染色体异常型２６例，占受检人数的３．０８％。常染色体异常中，平衡易位５例，其中２例丈夫染体为平衡易位，致妻反复流产，说明在流产夫妇中检查丈夫染色体的必要性。     

兰州地区2816例遗传咨询者细胞遗传学研究并世界首报染色体异常核型8例

我室自1981年3月至1999年5月对2816例遗传咨询者进行了外周血染色体检查，现将结果报告如下。1 资料与方法1.1 对象 受检者来自遗传咨询门诊、另性不育症门诊、妇科、儿科、内科及外科门论据等选择有流产史、分娩畸胎史、死胎、早产及有不良孕产史、不孕症的夫妇，智力低下、发育异常、原状发闭经、性征异常及疑有染色体异常的患者及家族成员等。1.2 方法 受检者的外围血淋巴细胞均按湖南医科大学医学遗传学国家重点实验室的常规方法进行培养，制片及G带染色体检查，少数病例有选择地作高分辨G带、C带、Ag—NOR等，G11染色体，fra（x）…     

4760例孕中期产前筛查和产前诊断产妇随访结果分析

目的:探讨孕中期产前筛查和产前诊断在临床中的应用和意义。方法:应用时间分辨法,以血清AFP、β-HCG作为指标,对4 760例在孕15～20+6周孕妇进行产前筛查,对筛查为高风险的孕妇进行一对一的遗传咨询和产前诊断,并在产后3月内对其分娩结局进行随访观察。结果:随访中发现有不同程度畸形、流产、死胎等不良妊娠共29例:高风险者6例,低风险者23例。其中羊水染色体异常2例、超声检查检出各种畸形(开放性神经管畸形如脊柱裂、小头畸形、脑膨出等)6例、内脏畸形(如先心病、肾发育不良、胎儿宫内发育异常等)5例。不明原因死胎、晚期流产3例,21-三体新生儿1例(产前筛查唐氏高风险而拒绝羊水穿刺细胞学检查所致)。结论:孕中期产前筛查和产前诊断可降低出生缺陷的发生。     

756例遗传咨询者的染色体分析

目的:探讨遗传性疾病的细胞遗传学基础.方法:对756例遗传咨询者进行外周血淋巴细胞染色体分析.结果:发现异常核型126例,异常检出率16.67%.结论:智力低下、流产、死胎、生育畸形儿、性发育不全及生殖力低下者的染色体检查,均有细胞遗传学改变.     

染色体臂间倒位遗传效应分析

对有不良妊娠史、不孕、不育的患者取外周血,进行淋巴细胞培养、制备染色体G显带标本.按人类细胞遗传学国际命名体制进行核型分析.在714例受检的人中,发现罕见的染色体臂间倒位4例,包括inv(6)、inv(7)、inv(10)、inv(11),各占总数的0.14%;另外有9例inv(9),占总数的0.98%.因此在排除了免疫、内分泌等因素造成的流产后,对于染色体臂间倒位,应注意其与不孕不育、流产的直接关系.     

保定地区1617例遗传咨询者外周血染色体核型分析

为探讨保定地区遗传咨询者染色体异常核型类型及检出率，并分析染色体异常与临床表型之间的相关性，选取2018年1月至2021年10月在保定市妇幼保健院就诊的1 617例遗传咨询者作为研究对象，采集外周血进行淋巴细胞培养，常规方法制备染色体，G显带后进行染色体核型分析.共检出异常核型54例，异常检出率为3.34%,包括数目异常14例(25.93%)和结构异常40例(74.07%).异常检出率最高为智力低下组(28.21%),主要见于21-三体；其次是发育异常组(26.31%),主要见于特纳综合征；不良孕产史组是构成遗传咨询的主要原因，异常检出率为2.40%,主要见于平衡易位和罗氏易位；不孕不育组异常检出率为2.64%.保定地区遗传咨询者染色体异常是导致不良孕产史、不孕不育、发育异常、智力低下等疾病的重要原因之一，应着重对此类患者进行外周血染色体检测，以寻找病因、指导优生优育、提高保定地区人口素质.     

对羊水细胞培养应用于产前细胞遗传学诊断的调查

应用羊水细胞培养对孕中期孕妇进行产前诊断,预防染色体病。方法:采用羊水细胞培养、常规染色体制备、G显带技术,对具有产前指证的调查对象进行染色体核型分析。结果:6例21三体综合征、1例45,X、3例平衡易位,诊断结果与随访情况一致。结论:羊水细胞培养进行产前诊断是十分安全而可靠的。     

延安市孕产妇弓形虫感染的血清学分析

目的 :为了解延安市不良孕产史妇女及妇科病患者与正常妊娠结局者及健康妇女的 Toxo感染情况 .方法 :用 ELISA对 96 4份血清进行了 Toxo特异性 Ig M、Ig G抗体的检测 .结果 :( 1 )延安市正常妊娠结局产妇和健康妇女 Toxo总阳性率为1 1 .1 9% . ( 2 )各不良妊娠结局组的 Toxo总感染率分别为 1 8.75 %、41 .1 1 %和30 .0 0 % ,均明显高于正常结局组 1 0 .82 % ,其中死胎、习惯性流产及难免流产组有显著差异 ( P<0 .0 1 ) . ( 3)妇科病患者中 ,不孕症和盆腔炎组 Toxo总感染率分别为2 8.33%和 2 3.2 6 % ,均明显高于健康妇女组 1 2 .0 5 % ( P<0 .0 1 ,P<0 .0 5 ) .结果 :上述结果与国内多数学者报道相一致 ,从而进一步证实 ,Toxo感染可导致不良的妊娠结局 ,同时更加说明 Toxo感染可能是妇科炎症性疾病及不孕症的致病原因之一     

染色体技术在遗传性疾病临床诊断中的应用

探讨了染色体技术对临床诊断某些疾病的应用价值 .应用常规外周血淋巴细胞染色体标本制备 ,G显带、C显带技术 ,脆性X染色体分析 .结果从 3 89例患者中检出异常核型 46例 ,检出率为 11.83 % .其中罗伯逊易位携带者 6例 ,平衡易位携带者10例 ,倒位携带者 4例 ,性染色体异常者 14例 ,先天愚型及发育异常者 12例 .结果表明 ,染色体技术是某些遗传性疾病临床诊断必不可少的手段 ,异常染色体的检出对患者的治疗、预后及优生、优育、优教都有重要指导意义 .     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the